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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The sharpening of scaling instruments: I. An examination of principles.

The theory and practice of sharpening with particular emphasis upon dental scalers and periodontal curettes have been discussed in Part I of this series. Various cutting modes and edge characteristics are described together with the special requirements they present in sharpening. Different approaches to sharpening are examined. Stressed are the advantages of using powered rotary stones on the sides of the blade instead of the blade face in sharpening scalers and curettes. Part II will describe the sharpening procedure--materials and technique--used and preferred by the authors.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1977

The sharpening of scaling instruments: II. A preferred technique.

The authors' preferred procedure for sharpening scalers and curettes is described in detail; powered rotary stones are used in grinding the sides of the blade. Selected sharpening materials are discussed and evaluated and the control and removal of edge burrs are described. A regular sharpening schedule is recommended, both to simplify sharpening and to extend the useful life of the armamentarium.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1977

Subgingival scaling with root planing and curettage: effects upon gingival inflammation: a comparative study.

In a joint clinical and histological research, carried out in humans of both sexes, it was attempted to establish some of the differences between the effects of curettage and root planing as procedures to accomplish remission of gingival inflammation. In 10 patients, 210 teeth were treated (103 curetted and 98 root planed). Sixty useful samples and 2132 histological sections were obtained. Six different staining techniques were used to study the samples. Clinical and histological evaluations were made of the results obtained with both procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A method of decontamination of ultrasonic scalers and high speed handpieces.

The use of contaminated water in high speed handpieces and ultrasonic handpieces presents potential hazards to both dentist and patient. This study has shown that after waterline sterilization, the use of a sterile, disposable membrane filter can eliminate the microflora from the water of an ultrasonic scaler for up to 48 hours. Similarly, the water from a high speed handpiece can remain bacteria free for up to 72 hours when a 0.45 micrometer pore size membrane filter is installed into the waterline. This system of decontamination by filtration may present a workable approach to the problem of contaminated water and merits further research and development. Commercial materials and equipment are identified in this report to specify the investigative procedures. Such identification does not simply recommendation or endorsement or that the materials and equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. Furthermore, the opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as those of the Army Medical Department.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1979

Periodontal therapy in humans. I. Microbiological and clinical effects of a single course of periodontal scaling and root planing, and of adjunctive tetracycline therapy.

The present results showed that maarked and long-lasting changes in the subgingival microflora associated with periodontal disease could be achieved by a single course of periodontal treatment. Immediately following therapy, the total number of subgingival organisms decreased 10- to 100-fold and the proportions of cultivable Gram negative organisms and anaerobic organisms generally decreased 3- to 4-fold or more. After treatment, most periodontal pockets were populated by a scant microflora predominated by facultative Actinomyces and Streptococcus species. The kinetics of the subgingival bacterial recolonization revealed that the total cell counts and the proportions of spirochetes and Capnocytophaga species did not reach their pretreatment levels even after 6 months. Other Gram negative anaerobic species returned to pretreatment proportions after 3 to 6 months. Several Gram positive species exhibited higher posttreatment than pretreatment proportions throughout the 6 months study. The microbiological shifts paralleled significant changes in the clinical status of the periodontal tissues. Following therapy, the periodontal pocket depths decreased generally 1 to 4 mm, the gingival inflammatory index, the gingival fluid flow, and the suppurative index were generally lower, and nine of 33 test pockets examined showed apposition of alveolar bone. The microbiological and clinical changes described were exhibited by two patients treated with periodontal scaling and root planing alone and by two patients treated with the adjunctive use of systemic tetracycline therapy. In two other patients, mechanical periodontal therapy only slightly reduced the total number of subgingival organisms and the proportions of spirochetes and other Gram negative anaerobic rods. A shift in the subgingival microbial composition was achieved in these two patients after tetracycline therapy. The following model for treatment of periodontal disease is proposed: (1) Conventional therapy including thorough periodontal scaling and root planing; (2) Monitoring the subgingival flora and the clinical course; and (3) Use of antimicrobial therapy in refractory cases. Further studies are needed to develop means for rapid identification of refractory patients, and to determine the optimal antimicrobial agent, the optimal route of administration, and the optimal dosage regime.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1977

[Surface analysis of 2 composite filling materials after various methods of finishing and sealing].

The surface quality of 2 composite filling materials (Adaptic with coarse hard quartz fillers and Cosmic with fine softer glass fillers) was evaluated using profilometry, scanning electron microscopy and light reflectometry after finishing with experimental diamond discs, 3M discs, corundum discs, polishing paste and also after sealing. Plaque formation on standardized surfaces of both composites was photographically recorded in 20 subjects. The sealed surfaces and the surfaces finished by the matrix alone were approximately 10 times less rough than after finishing procedures. Under in vivo conditions they reflected the most light, for both composites. The sealer failed to cover the whole composite surface. The unfinished and sealed surfaces lost their shine 3-7 days after placement in the mouth. Decrease in reflectance was independent of mechanical oral hygiene procedures. There were no significant differences in the roughness produced by the various discs on Adaptic surfaces. Diamond discs with particle size 1-3 micrometer resulted in least surface roughness and were the only instruments not destroying the filler particles of either composite. 3M discs and the rough corundum discs caused significantly more surface roughness of the Cosmic surface. Reflectometry showed that the finishing methods unfavourably affected composite surface smoothness. Among all finishing methods polishing paste produced the highest reflection value on the Cosmic surface. Adaptic surfaces were always associated with more plaque formation than Cosmic surface after all finishing methods.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of various ultrasonic tooth cleaning devices on dental filling materials].

The influence of various ultrasonic devices for cleaning teeth on the surfaces of different filling materials was studied in 300 extracted teeth. Special attention was directed to the cavity edge and the area immediately surrounding it. Alterations in surface roughness were determined and compared with an electromechanical stylus. The inflicted damage depends much more on the type of filling material than on the device. Distinct quantitative differences due to the devices however were observable.

Dental Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Von Gierke's disease: report of case.

Von Gierke's disease, or hepatorenal glycogenesis, type I, presents an interesting challenge to the dental practitioner. Showing an incidence of 1/400,000, it is a fairly rare occurrence. It indicates the importance of proper medical consultation in treating these children, and proper dental treatment and preventive programs to alleviate what could be dangerous for these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Letterer-Siwe disease: report of case.

Initial oral symptoms of Letterer-Siwe disease reveal the importance of a dentist in establishing this diagnosis. This case is important in that the patient was five months old, at which time an early diagnosis was made and treatment had begun. Because most cases occur in young children, a high level of suspicion is necessary, because the oral manifestations and radiographic findings in children may often resemble the periapical, periodontal or cystic involvements frequently seen first by the dentist. The oral lesions were necrotic, hemorrhagic, and degenerative gingival tissues in the maxillary molar area. Loss of alveolar bone was evident. There was precocious eruption of seven primary teeth, which were slightly mobile. Dentally, prophylaxis and fluoride applications were supportive measures.

Bone Marrow↗