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Results for “Elbow Injuries”

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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Rehabilitation of shoulder and elbow injuries in tennis players.

Optimization of treatment of the tennis player with an upper extremity overuse injury requires a thorough understanding and analysis of the biomechanical and physiologic stresses inherent in the game of tennis. Anatomic adaptations found in the upper extremity of elite tennis players provide the framework for evaluation and treatment of overuse injury through both an anatomically based total-arm strength program and efforts to normalize joint arthrokinematics. Integration of these key factors allows the clinician to rehabilitate the patient and design preventive conditioning programs in a scientifically based, sport-specific manner.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1993

Elbow injury.

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Elbow↗
PubMed1997

[Elbow injuries in childhood].

Fractures and dislocations of the elbow are some of the most common injuries in childhood and adolescence. The majority occur in sport and play activities, e.g., a fall from gymnastics apparatus or a bike, or from popular sports items, such as skateboards or in-line skates. The injuries can be divided into pure dislocations of the joint and fractures of the distal humerus, proximal radius and ulna, or combinations of both. In addition, extra- and intraarticular fracture types are defined, with the latter as partial or complete joint lesions. Dislocations of the elbow joint or the radial head can occur as single injuries or in combination with a fracture. Supracondylar fractures and avulsion fractures of the medial epicondyle are the most frequent extraarticular lesions of the distal humerus. Fractures of the lateral condyle prevail is incomplete intraarticular lesions. In the forearm, radial head and neck fractures are predominant while typical and atypical Monteggia injuries have a special status. The complex joint construction and the age-dependent appearance of the epiphyseal ossification centers sometimes make a correct radiological diagnosis difficult. The trauma history and an exact, clinical examination help to verify the injury, as do comparative X-ray studies of the uninjured side when necessary (but not routinely). Unlike other anatomical areas, most elbow injuries-even in the growing skeleton-are treated operatively. Hereby, the growth plates have to be respected using minimal amounts of small implants. Additional immobilization in a cast for 2-4 weeks is necessary in most cases but does not lead to a functional deficit-in contrast to adults. The implants should be removed as early as possible. Despite all therapeutic efforts, a significant number of late sequelae, such as malunions and functional impairment, can be seen. The rate of long-term complications increases in cases of untreated displacement of fragments or joint instability. Corrective measures are performed only in selected cases and after the growth plates are closed. Our own treatment regime is demonstrated using exemplary clinical cases of the different injuries and the results of a long-term follow-up study on sports injuries of the elbow in children. Errors in diagnosis and therapy, as well as possible complications, are pointed out.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Common wrist and elbow injuries in primary care.

The wrist and elbow, an intricate arrangement of bones, tendons, and ligaments, frequently are the source of reported problems in the primary care setting. Understanding the functional anatomy and acquiring adeptness for examination are the key to proper diagnosis of injuries and conditions that plague the wrist and elbow. A brief overview of the anatomy and physiology of the wrist and elbow joints is given. Diagnosis and management of common injuries and reported problems faced by practitioners are discussed. The provider is offered guidance on when to refer for specialty evaluation.

Elbow Joint↗
PubMed1993

Elbow injury.

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Child↗
PubMed2006

Risk factors for shoulder and elbow injuries in adolescent baseball pitchers.

BACKGROUND: There is little evidence supporting current safety recommendations for adolescent pitchers. HYPOTHESIS: Pitching practices of adolescent pitchers without history of arm injury will be significantly different from those of adolescent pitchers who required shoulder or elbow surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Ninety-five adolescent pitchers who had shoulder or elbow surgery and 45 adolescent pitchers who never had a significant pitching-related injury completed a survey. Responses were compared between the 2 groups using t tests and chi(2) analyses. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to identify the risk factors. RESULTS: The injured group pitched significantly more months per year, games per year, innings per game, pitches per game, pitches per year, and warm-up pitches before a game. These pitchers were more frequently starting pitchers, pitched in more showcases, pitched with higher velocity, and pitched more often with arm pain and fatigue. They also used anti-inflammatory drugs and ice more frequently to prevent an injury. Although the groups were age matched, the injured group was taller and heavier. There were no significant differences regarding private pitching instruction, coach's chief concern, pitcher's self-rating, exercise programs, stretching practices, relieving frequency, pitch type frequency, or age at which pitch types were first thrown. CONCLUSION: Pitching practices were significantly different between the groups. The factors with the strongest associations with injury were overuse and fatigue. High pitch velocity and participation in showcases were also associated with increased risk for injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: New recommendations were made based on these results. Adherence to the recommendations may reduce the incidence of significant injury to adolescent pitchers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Lower back and elbow injuries in golf.

Golf injuries to the lower back and elbow are common problems in both the professional and amateur player, and any information regarding the successful treatment of these injuries has important implications for the medical practitioner. This paper presents the successful management and outcome of two case studies associated with low back pain and lateral epicondylitis in golf. Exercise therapy and conditioning has been shown to be an effective treatment modality for these two types of injury. In particular, a dynamic exercise programme which incorporates golf functional rehabilitation, is a modern and accepted method by both the patient and the clinician. Effective programmes need to be golf-specific to maintain the interest of the participant and yet at the same time they need to be able to accommodate other factors such as age, gender and the level of the golfer. Furthermore, it is critical that the clinical practitioner has a fundamental knowledge of normal swing mechanics and a working knowledge of the musculoskeletal requirements needed to swing a golf club. In the case of the lower back injury, evaluation was based on detailed computer tomography and centred on the conditioning of the transversus abdominis muscle. Although this muscle is not considered to be paraspinal, it has particularly important implications in the maintenance of spinal stability so that other more specific golf functioning exercises and rehabilitation can be performed. For the case study of lateral epicondylitis detailed evaluation and consideration of neuropathy was an important factor in the diagnostic process. In part, it was necessary to deviate from conventional treatment to produce an effective outcome. A comprehensive resistance-strength-training programme and golf functional 'hitting' programme was used to treat the problem. The conformity by the patient to complete the exercise regimen has been an issue of concern for clinicians managing and treating golf-related problems. Many golfers are 'fanatical' and unless they can see that by continuing the programme their injury will be overcome, it is difficult trying to restrict their time on the golf course. The two case studies described in this article highlight how an extensive and dynamic golf functional programme could be used as an effective method for managing and preventing golf injuries.

Back Injuries↗
PubMed2000

[Treatment of complex elbow injuries by joint-spanning articulated fixator].

Biomechanical investigations in eight specimen elbow joints to test articulated external fixation showed correct extension-flexion joint position between 0 and 120 degrees. The central axis through the radial and ulnar condyles varies less than 3 degrees in total. X-ray cinematography showed correct articulation in all cases without subluxation. In six patients with persistent subluxation and complex fracture of the proximal ulna external fixation with an additional articulation was placed. All patients began with physiotherapy on the 3rd day after operation, the range of joint motion was 0-30-95 degrees in all cases, after 6 weeks 0-30-110 degrees. Additional articulated external fixation at the elbow joint can be an alternative treatment to long-term transfixation of the elbow in cases of complex injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Elbow injuries in athletes.

Throwing and racquet sports produce large stresses at the elbow joint consisting of tension on the medial or ulnar side, and compression on the lateral or radial side. Medial tension can lead to tears of the common flexor origin or medial collateral ligament, ulnar nerve subluxation, or pronator teres syndrome. Bony lesions include fragmentation and partial avulsion of the medial humeral epicondyle (little league elbow) or even complete avulsion of the epicondyle. The possible sequelae of excessive lateral compression include osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum, osteochondral fractures of the capitellum and radius, and loose bodies. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential to initiate proper treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Shoulder and elbow injuries and painful syndromes.

Childhood participation in organized sports has led to increased incidence of orthopedic complaints in the pediatric and adolescent populations, and year-round participation in a single sport allows no rest period from muscle use, bone development, and maturation. What effect do these factors have on the musculoskeletal system of the young athlete? They may lead to injuries such as dislocations, fractures, and problems of bone growth. This comprehensive review of shoulder and elbow anatomy and mechanisms of injury includes specific recommendations for rehabilitation.

Adolescent↗