PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Group Structure”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Structured group intervention for psychiatric patients with social conflicts: a consideration of psychiatric and legal labeling.

A structured programme was organized to address the high rate of legal conflicts among our in-patient population, the personal problems (e.g., denial) and practical problems (e.g. trying to find a job with a criminal record) which complicate their resolution. Active conflicts involved criminal mischief, breach of peace, fraud, burglary, larceny, assault, drug-related offenses, civil suits, etc. Common aspects of conflicts which were identified for discussion by members included authority issues, family reactions, employment, guilt, social rejection, etc. Well-described dynamics of deviant ("psychiatric") behaviour were seen applicable to legally-conflicted behaviour: blaming the victim; stereotyping; issues of accepting and escaping a label. Observation of interpersonal relationships in groups have potential application to forensic situations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Rearrangement of nucleosomal components by modification of histone amino groups. Structural role of lysine residues.

Modification of nucleosomal particles from chicken erythrocytes with the reagents for protein amino groups acetic and dimethylmaleic anhydrides causes a rearrangement of nucleosomal components. Treatment with both reagents is accompanied by liberation of free DNA and formation of residual particles with anomalous histone composition. The residual particles obtained with acetic anhydride contain an excess of histones corresponding to the free DNA produced. In contrast, dimethylmaleic anhydride causes release of histones H1, H5, H2A and H2B and formation of residual particles deficient in these histones but containing an excess of H3 and H4 corresponding to the liberated DNA. Regeneration of the modified amino groups of nucleosomal preparations treated with dimethylmaleic anhydride is accompanied by reconstitution of nucleosomal particles with the sedimentation coefficient and composition of core histones of the original nucleosomes. This reconstitution does not occur when the released fraction containing histones H2A and H2B and free DNA is separated from the residual particles. The studied disassembly of nucleosomal particles obtained by specifically blocking lysine-DNA interactions with these reagents appears to indicate that lysine residues are essential for the binding of DNA to histones with formation of nucleosomal particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The use of structured group therapy sessions in the treatment of chronic pain patients.

Although group therapy is used in a number of multidisciplinary pain treatment centres, few published accounts of procedures are available. The present report describes the use of a moderately directive group therapy method, integrating psychodynamic, cognitive, and behavioural models of therapy. Content of sessions was structured to address problems specific to chronic pain patients. The therapist provided interpretations and confronted patients when appropriate. Problems encountered are described, and two examples are presented. Ideas for improved approaches to group therapy are discussed, with special emphasis on a method integrating physical and psychological therapy.

Acting Out↗
PubMed1980

The effect of surface curvature on the head-group structure and phase transition properties of phospholipid bilayer vesicles.

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at 360 MHz of small sonicated distearoyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles show easily distinguishable resonances due to choline N-methyl head-group protons located in the inner and outer bilayer halves. A study of the chemical shift of these resonances as a function of temperature reveals that the splitting between them increases below the phase transition. This occurs as a result of an upfield shift of the inner layer resonance at the phase transition. Consideration of the possible causes of this effect results in the conclusion that, at the phase transition, there is a change in the organization of the inner layer head-groups which does not occur for the outer layer head-groups.

Choline↗
PubMed1986

Role of head group structure in the phase behavior of amino phospholipids. 2. Lamellar and nonlamellar phases of unsaturated phosphatidylethanolamine analogues.

Three types of analogues of unsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) have been prepared: phosphatidyl-omega-amino-1-alkanols, N-alkyl-PE's, and C2-alkyl-PE's, with alkyl substitution of carbon-2 of the ethanolamine head group. The physical properties of dioleoyl, dielaidoyl, and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phospholipids with these head groups have been examined by calorimetry, 31P NMR, freeze-fracture electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. N-Alkylation of PE, or substitution of the ethanolamine moiety by 3-amino-1-propanol or 4-amino-1-butanol, decreases the transition temperature of the hydrated gel phase (Tc) and considerably increases the temperature of the lamellar to hexagonal II transition (TH). The pattern of these effects for various PE analogues suggests that head group size and hydrophobicity as well as hydrogen bonding are important determinants of the phase behavior of these lipids. C2-Alkylated PE analogues exhibit several rather surprising properties, notably the ready formation of a quasi-crystalline "high-melting" solid phase even for di-cis-unsaturated species and substantially lower TH values than are observed for the parent PE species. The behavior of these compounds suggests that "hydration forces" can be more important than considerations of lipid "dynamic shape" in predicting the relative stabilities of lamellar vs. nonlamellar phases for at least some zwitterionic phospholipids.

Calorimetry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cholinomimetic activity of acetylcholine and sebacinyldicholine derivatives with differing cationic group structures].

The intrinsic alpha activities and the D2 (frog, m, rectus abdominalis) concentrations were estimated for different acetylcholine and sebacinylcholine derivatives. So were also the A2 values for antagonists and the affinity constants Kc for some partial agonists. The results obtained disprove Paton's "rate-theory". The relationship between the cholinergic activity and the volume of cationic groups was studied and it could not possibly be explained by the steric hindrance alone. It is suggested that certain hydrophobic radicals of the cationic groups contact the receptor surface outside the anionic centre. Such contacts prevent the cholinoreceptor to change its conformation and thus inhibit the depolarization of the membrane. An approximate estimation of the anionic site dimensions is given.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1985

The effect of head group structure on phase transition of phospholipid membranes as determined by differential scanning calorimetry.

The phase transition characteristics of cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol suspensions were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The phase transition temperatures for dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol, tetramyristoylcardiolipin, dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol and tetrapalmitoylcardiolipin were 25.0, 47.0, 40.5 and 62.2 degrees C, respectively. The phase transition temperature for a mixture of two analogous phospholipids was higher than that for phosphatidylglycerol alone, but lower than that for cardiolipin alone. It increased along with cardiolipin content. The phase transition temperature for cardiolipin was increased in the presence of divalent cations, particularly Ca2+. The results indicate that the head group of cardiolipin by itself can increase the phase transition temperature.

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A theoretical conformational analysis of several substrates of cholinesterase having a cyclic ammonium group structure].

Conformational possibilities of pirrolidine analogues of acetylcholine beta-(N-methyl pirrolidinium)-ethyl ester of acetic acid and beta-(N-ethyl pirrolidinium)-ethyl ester of acetic acid and beta-(N-ethyl pirrolidinium)-ethyl ester of acetic acid were investigated by the method of atomic potentials. The conformational energy was considered as a sum of non-bonded and electrostatical interactions, torsional energy and distortions of bond angles. It has been shown that the replacement of the nitrogen methyl group to ethyl group results in decrease of the average barrier height between two gauche conformations of the O--C--C--N fragment. Comparison of conformational properties of some cholinesterase substrates permit to draw a suggestion that the barrier height influences the rate of the enzymatic hydrolysis.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1975

Identification of drugs and other toxic compounds from their ultraviolet spectra. Part II: Ultraviolet absorption properties of thirteen structural groups.

The ultraviolet absorption spectra of 13 different chemical classes of drugs and toxic organic compounds were studied. A classification system has been developed in which compounds with the same conjugated molecular system and auxochrome substituents are grouped together. Each of these groups has characteristic absorption spectra, showing similarities in the number of major bands, position of maximum absorbance, pH effects, and solvent effects. The absorption maxima and molecular absorptivities are tabulated for approximately 100 compounds, and characteristic spectra of each designated group are illustrated. Classes of drugs included in this study are pyridine derivatives, hydrazines, pyridylamine derivatives, variously substituted phenols, barbiturates, ureides, imides, hydantoins, and conjugted ketones (enones).

Amines↗