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Results for “Health Status”

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PubMed2006

[Association of anger expression patterns and health status in health care workers].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine anger-expression patterns and their association with state and trait anger and physical and psychological health status in health care workers. METHOD: Four hundred and forty eight nurses, physicians and technicians from a large medical center completed standardized questionnaires of anger, anger-expression patterns and mood. They also had blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose and body mass index measured during their annual physical examinations. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square and ANOVA. RESULTS: Subjects showed two major clusters of anger-expression patterns: anger-control and anger-in/out. Subjects with the anger-in/out pattern reported higher state and trait anger and more anxiety, depression and fatigue than subjects with the anger-control pattern. Physical health indicators, however, were not significantly different between the two clusters of anger-expression patterns. CONCLUSION: Anger-expression patterns are associated with psychological health status but not with physical health status. Anger-expression patterns, however, need to be examined over time to assess their long-term effects on the physical and psychological health status in future studies.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

The independent contributions of socioeconomic status and health practices to health status.

The objective of this study was to determine whether the much-repeated finding of a relationship between socioeconomic status and health status is explained by individuals' health practices. The investigation was carried out using data tapes from the 1977 Health Interview Survey in which a one-third subsample of adults was asked a series of questions related to the seven nonmedical health practices identified in the Alameda County Study. The group selected for analysis comprised 15,892 white, responding adults. With age controlled statistically, perceived health status was found to be associated with socioeconomic status, whether the indicator was educational level, family income, or occupation, and to number of positive health practices. When number of health practices, in addition to age and other socioeconomic indicators was controlled for, the association was still positive and significant. The finding of an independent contribution by socioeconomic status to health status emphasizes that individual health habits are not the only influence on health status.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Physician use in Ontario and the United States: The impact of socioeconomic status and health status.

OBJECTIVES: This study compared physician use in Ontario and the midwestern and northeastern United States for persons of different socioeconomic status and health status. The distribution of health problems associated with the most recent physician visit also was compared. METHODS: The design of the study was cross sectional; data derived from the 1990 Ontario Health Survey and the 1990 US National Health Interview Survey were used in analyses. RESULTS: Overall, persons in Ontario averaged 19% more visits than US residents, but differences varied markedly across income and health status. At each level of health status, low- income Canadians had 25% to 33% more visits than their US counterparts. However, among higher income persons, those in excellent or very good health had 22% more visits than Americans, while those in good, fair, or poor health had 10% fewer visits than Americans. Higher visit rates in Ontario were not associated with a greater prevalence of low- priority visits. CONCLUSIONS: Under the Canadian single- payer system, medical care in Ontario has been redistributed to low-income persons and the elderly. Compared with the United States, there has been a lower intensity of medical care for the sick higher income population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Health status and health care of immigrants in Canada: a longitudinal analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This paper focuses upon health status, need for care, and use of health care from 1994/95 to 2000/01 in the Canadian foreign-born population. METHODS: Using Statistics Canada's longitudinal National Population Health Survey, descriptive and survival analyses are used to explore immigrant health status and health care. RESULTS: The health status of immigrants quickly declines after arrival, with a concomitant increase in use of health care services. However, survival analysis of the risk of a change to poor health indicates no difference between immigrants and the native-born. Similarly, there is no difference in the risk of hospital use between the two populations. CONCLUSIONS: The health status of recent immigrant arrivals is observed to decline towards that of the native-born population, while health care utilization increases. However, increased use may not be sufficient to offset declines in health, meaning that need for health care within the immigrant population may be unmet.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Association between life events, subjective health status and health practices in a rural population].

A survey has been conducted on subjective health status, experience of life events in recent 1 year, and health practices in the rural of Kagawa prefecture. The survey was performed from March 1995 to May 1995 with 4,013 participants, aged 40 to less than 80. The proportion of respondents who recognized their physical conditions as good decreased with age. However, the proportion of respondents who recognized their life satisfaction as good increased with age. 'Health-related' life events were the most common experienced life events for both male and female. The proportion of respondents who had life events of type 'family', 'financial', 'at workplace or job', 'in the community', and 'others' decreased with age. Men had higher proportion of 'at workplace or job' life events. The higher proportion of respondents who experienced life events recognized their subjective health status poor. For male, it observed that poor physical health status had significant association with experience of type 'in the community' and 'environmental' life events. Poor mental health status significantly associated with experience of type 'at workplace and job' life events for male, and with 'health-related' and 'family' life events for female. Poor life satisfaction significantly associated with 'at workplace or job' and 'in the community' life events for male, and with 'health related' and 'family' life events. Higher proportion of the respondents who experienced life events and recognized their subjective health status poor had low health practice scores. Logistic regression analysis showed that experience of life events and poor subjective health status had significant association with the poor health practices, especially with 'body weight changed' for both male and female.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Benign and malignant breast disease: the relationship between women's health status and health values.

The study purpose was to determine whether differences in the weights assigned to various dimensions of health by 90 women in three subgroups (benign breast disease, breast cancer receiving chemotherapy, and breast cancer receiving other therapies) were associated with differences in self-reported health status in these dimensions. Two methods, one direct and the other indirect, were used to elicit values for mobility, depression, and social support. Two different scales also provided self-reports of health status in each of these dimensions. These measures, in conjunction with sociodemographic variables, were used to test for status-value relationships. No statistically significant association between health values and health status was observed. The absence of any detectable association may have been a result of methodologic difficulties in assessing broadly defined dimensions of health. A possible solution would be to use "individualized" dimensions that are uniquely important to the individual, and to take into account such factors as possible influences of past health status and values, and possible gaps between expected health status and health status actually experienced.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1995

[Quality of life, subjective health status and health and life satisfaction in rheumatoid arthritis].

A Japanese version of Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS) was developed after the original AIMS Version 2 and utilized for Quality of Life (QOL) measurement in 691 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Various medical (physical and laboratory) examinations, which are widely used in the clinical settings for the assessment of RA activity and severity, were also performed by physicians. Interrelationships between QOL, patient subjective health status, and health and life satisfaction were analyzed with the following results: 1: The effect of QOL impairment by RA upon patients' subjective health rating and health satisfaction were not constant over the range of severity of disease status. Pain was found to lower overall subjective health and health satisfaction regardless of RA class. On the other hand, while the deterioration of mobility aspects of QOL had negative effects upon patients' subjective health status and satisfaction among less-disabled RA patients, any of physical aspects of QOL, including the degree of mobility impairment, showed no significant association with patients' subjective health status and satisfaction in the more disabled. 2: Psychological aspects of QOL (mood and tension) had significant associations with patients' subjective health status and satisfaction. In the less severe group, mood impairment had a significant effect on subjective health and satisfaction, while in the more severe group tension showed a significant association. It was indicated that management of psychological aspects of QOL is important in RA patients to improve and advance their subjective health status and satisfaction. 3: Although social aspects of QOL, i.e. social support, social life and job status, showed no significant relationship to subjective health rating and health satisfaction, those with less disease severity who lacked social support and who had a jobless state were likely to have lower disease acceptance and life satisfaction, while those with more severe disease who had less social interaction manifested lower life satisfaction. These results suggested that social aspects of QOL, while not directly associated with subjective health rating, could be important factors affecting disease acceptance and life satisfaction.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of clinic-based health promotion education on perceived health status and health promotion behaviors of adolescent and young adult cancer survivors.

More than 70% of children/adolescents diagnosed with cancer are long-term survivors. Little is known about the health perceptions and practices of this population, and limited previous studies have come exclusively from a risk reduction/health protection model rather than a health promotion model. This study was conducted to describe the perceived health status and health-promoting behaviors of adolescent/young adult cancer survivors. This study used Pender's revised health promotion model; perceived health status and health-promoting behaviors were measured using the General Health Index (GHRI) and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II). The sample consisted of 60 cancer survivors 2 years after completion of cancer treatment and attending a survivorship clinic. Mean baseline scores for the GHRI (76.66; SD, 10.41) indicate perceived health status is positive and similar to normative (noncancer survivor) adolescent/young adult samples. Surprisingly, there was no correlation between scores on the GHRI and the HPLP-II in this sample (r = 0.03).

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The rating form of IBD patient concerns: a new measure of health status.

Health status assessment for persons with chronic illness includes not only symptoms, but also an appraisal of the psychosocial concomitants of illness. In this national study of persons with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we standardized a disease-specific 25-item measure of perceived health status: the Rating Form of IBD Patient Concerns (RFIPC). Factor analysis yielded four indices: a) impact of disease (e.g., being a burden, loss of energy, loss of bowel control); b) sexual intimacy; c) complications of disease (e.g., developing cancer, having surgery, dying early); and d) body stigma (e.g., feeling dirty or smelly). A higher level of IBD concerns was associated with greater disease severity, female gender, and lower educational status. When controlling for these factors, as well as disease type and age, we found that concerns about: a) impact of disease was positively associated with poorer perception of health and well-being, greater psychological distress (SCL-90), and poorer daily function (Sickness Impact Profile) (p less than 0.0001); b) sexual intimacy was related to poorer psychologic function (p less than 0.01); and c) complications of disease was related to several measures of poorer daily function (p less than 0.0001 to 0.01). This standardized measure of the worries and concerns of persons with IBD may be used in clinical care and research to evaluate the effects of interventions on IBD patient outcomes.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2005

Assessing health status and health care utilization in adolescents with chronic kidney disease.

Few validated health status measures have been assessed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective was to assess the validity of a generic health status measure, the Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition (CHIP-AE), in adolescents with CKD. A case-control study was performed (1) to assess scores on the CHIP-AE in adolescents with CKD compared with two control groups of age-, socioeconomic-, and gender-matched peers and (2) to compare health of patients who had chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), were on dialysis, and were posttransplantation. Seven pediatric nephrology centers recruited 113 patients (mean age, 14 yr; 39 CRI, 21 dialysis, 53 posttransplantation). Compared with 226 control subjects, patients with CKD had lower overall satisfaction with health and more restriction in activity. Positively, patients with CKD had more family involvement, better home safety and health practices, and better social problem-solving skills and were less likely to participate in risky social behaviors or socialize with peers who engaged in risky behavior. Patients who received dialysis were less physically active and experienced more physical discomfort and limitations in activities than did transplant or CRI patients. It is concluded that patients with CKD have poorer functional health status than age-matched peers. Among CKD patients, dialysis patients have the poorest functional health status. These results suggest that the CHIP-AE can be used to measure functional health status in adolescent patients with CKD.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

The impact of a single seizure on health status and health care utilization.

PURPOSE: To assess the health status of patients after a single seizure. METHODS: We compared single-seizure patients (SS) with patients who had well-controlled epilepsy (WC), and uncomplicated hypertension (HT). Patients were adults screened from emergency and outpatient units of two urban teaching hospitals using predefined criteria. The 83 patients (SS, 30; WC, 29; HT, 24) were interviewed by phone about functional status (SF-36), comorbid illness, cause of illness, number of visits to health providers, and drug side effects. RESULTS: No significant differences were found among groups for health status, SF-36 domain, or occurrence of drug side effects. SS patients had significantly lower scores on vitality (p < 0.03) and a trend toward lower role physical function (p < 0.07) compared with age-adjusted population norms. SS reported more visits to health providers than WC or HT, and the number of visits remained high at interview 1 year later. Patient knowledge of the "reason" for the seizure was not associated with health status or number of visits. CONCLUSIONS: Health status of patients within 1 year of a single seizure is similar to that of patients with well-controlled epilepsy or hypertension, but SS patients have greater health care utilization.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

The effect of a fitness program on health status and health care consumption in Medicare MCOs.

This study examined the effect of a fitness program for Medicare MCOs on health status and health care utilization of participants. An evaluation compared outcome measures between high-level and low-level participants of the program. High-level participants scored higher on the Health Outcomes Survey and also had fewer doctor visits during the program period compared with low-level participants. The authors conclude that elderly individuals who participated at the high-level rate in a targeted fitness program maintained or improved health status and had fewer outpatient visits compared with the low-level participants. Medicare MCOs may improve health and manage costs for members by employing similar interventions focusing on functional health through exercise.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Health status and health care utilization among New York City home attendants: an illustration of the needs of working poor, immigrant women.

In this paper, the health needs and health care utilization patterns of home attendants and their families have been studied as an illustration of those likely to be found among working poor, immigrant women and their children. Despite tremendous growth in the number of immigrants, studies to date provide only limited information regarding the specific health needs and patterns of health care utilization among such women and their children. As part of a longitudinal study on the impact of insurance on health status and health care utilization, 387 female, immigrant home attendants were interviewed. Data were also gathered on 355 of their minor children. These women and children were found to be less likely than other Americans to make use of basic health services, despite the fact that they are more likely to indicate fair or poor health status. This is true even in comparison to poor or uninsured Americans. Immigrant attendants in fair or poor health report an average annual visit rate of 4.1 ambulatory care visits for themselves and 2.2 for their children, as compared to 8.4 for poor adults and 4.4 for poor children in national samples. These findings illustrate the likelihood that poor, immigrant women make limited use of American medical care, and face barriers to health care that appear even greater than those faced by the uninsured and the poor.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Self-rated health status and health care utilization among immigrant and non-immigrant Israeli Jewish women.

INTRODUCTION: Since 1989, Israel has absorbed over 700,000 Jewish immigrants from the former Soviet Union, among them about 375,000 women. Immigrants are known to have greater and/or different health needs than non-immigrant residents, and to face unique barriers to receiving care. However, research addressing the specific health problems of these immigrant women has been scarce. OBJECTIVES: To compare self-reported health status and health care utilization patterns among immigrant and non-immigrant Israeli Jewish women; and to explore ways to overcome existing barriers to their care. METHODS: A telephone survey was conducted in September and October 1998 among a random national sample of women age 22 and over, using a standard questionnaire. In all, 849 interviews were completed, with a response rate of 84%. In this article we present comparative data from a sub-set that included 760 immigrant respondents from the former Soviet Union and non-immigrant Jewish respondents. RESULTS: A greater proportion of immigrant versus non-immigrant women reported poor perceived health status (17% vs. 4%), chronic disease (61% vs. 38%), disability (31% vs. 18%) and depressive mood symptoms (52% vs. 38%). Lower rates of immigrant women visited a gynecologist regularly (57% vs. 83%) and were satisfied with their primary care physician. Lower rates of immigrants reported discussing health promotion issues such as smoking, diet, physical activity, HRT, and calcium intake with their physician. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for designing services that will effectively promote immigrant women's health, both in Israel and elsewhere.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Subjective health status and health values in the general population.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between rating-scale evaluation of health-related quality of life ("health value") and two subjective evaluations of health: the SF-36 profile and the five-category perception of general health (excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor). METHODS: This relationship was explored by linear and nonlinear regression analysis of data obtained through face-to-face interviews with a sample of 2,030 persons aged 45-75 years representing the Israeli Jewish urban population in that age group. RESULTS: The main outcome is a mapping assigning health values to the subjective health-status scores, e.g., "good" general health is equivalent to a health value of 76-81, depending on the functional form of the relation. "Poor" health is equivalent to a value of 45-61. The R2 is about 0.3. While the eight scales of the SF-36 were found to be linearly related to health value (R2=0.51), the two summary measures-physical component scale (PCS) and mental component scale (MCS)-were not. The scales measuring general health, vitality, and physical functioning were the main determinants of health value, while the role-performance scales were insignificant. The PCS had a larger effect than the MCS. DISCUSSION: These relationships provide deeper insight into the structure and meaning of the two health-status measures in the general population. They also place earlier determinations of these relationships among sick persons in a broader context and raise several further questions regarding the relationship between health values and health status.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2005

The health status and health promotion behavior of low-income elderly in the Taipei area.

The purpose of this study was to understand health promotion behaviors and their correlated factors among low-income elderly in the Taipei area. This study used a cross-sectional design with a descriptive correlation approach. A total of 89 low-income elderly from Peitou District of Taipei participated in the study. Structured questionnaires, the primary sources of measurement, were read to study subjects by a trained research assistant. The mean age of low-income elderly in the study was 76.85 year-old. A plurality were single (41.6%) and 31.5% lived alone. Subject IADLs (instrumental activities of daily living) were not as good as their ADLs (activities of daily living). Their psychosocial health status was worse than their physical health status. Among health promotion behaviors, regular exercise appears to be the most prevalent. The most significant factor among subjects for failing to follow health-promoting behaviors was their IADLs. Homebound elderly who lived alone and had poor IADL were less likely to have health promoting behaviors. A proposal to encourage health promotion behaviors for low-income elderly derived from study results is the initiation of formal personal assistance programs to remedy the inability of many elderly, especially those living alone, to leave the home due to ADL-related or other limitations.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2006

Area-level socio-economic status and health status among adults with asthma and rhinitis.

Socio-economic status (SES) may affect health status in airway disease at the individual and area level. In a cohort of adults with asthma, rhinitis or both conditions, questionnaire-derived individual-level SES and principal components analysis (PCA) of census data for area-level SES factors were used. Regression analysis was utilised to study the associations among individual- and area-level SES for the following four health status measures: severity of asthma scores and the Short Form-12 Physical Component Scale (SF-12 PCS) (n = 404); asthma-specific quality of life (QoL) scores (n = 340); and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) per cent predicted (n = 218). PCA yielded a two-factor solution for area-level SES. Factor 1 (lower area-level SES) was significantly associated with poorer SF-12 PCS and worse asthma QoL. These associations remained significant after adding individual-level SES. Factor 1 was also significantly associated with severity of asthma scores, but not after addition of the individual-level SES. Factor 2 (suburban area-level SES) was associated with lower FEV1 per cent predicted in combined area-level and individual SES models. In conclusion, area-level socio-economic status is linked to some, but not all, of the studied health status measures after taking into account individual-level socio-economic status.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Medical conditions, health status, and health services utilization.

Using data from the 1980 National Medical Care Utilization and Expenditure Survey (N = 11,530), four commonly used health status indicators are interpreted in terms of the underlying medical conditions they reflect. It is found that self-rated health status, role limitations, restricted activity days, and functional limitations measure similar conditions. These conditions tend to be chronic and severe; heart and cerebrovascular disease are especially associated with poor health as measured by all of the variables. Disability days is most likely to reflect acute, transitory morbidity. Practical suggestions for the appropriate use of the four variables are made. In addition, the conditions associated with the most ambulatory utilization of health services are identified. Among these conditions, those which are and are not measured adequately by the health status indicators are disclosed. It is concluded that the health status variables, either individually or as a group, do not measure many variations in health that are strongly related to utilization.

Activities of Daily Living↗