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PubMed1976

[Transcervical adenomectomy with prior hemostasis (author's transl)].

After giving a brief description of the anatomy of the prostate, with special emphasis on the irrigation of same, the authors discuss 226 cases of adenoma of the prostate operated on transcervically with prior hemostasis, the transfusion consisting of a total of 111 of blood. In 68% of the cases, the urine became clear within 24 h after the operation. The probe was removed within the first 5 days in 70% of the cases. The complications found included: 9 cases of epididymitis (keeping in mind that deferent ducts are never linked), 4 cases of postoperative incontinence (in 3 cases the incontinence was temporary and disappeared within 3 months), and 3 deaths 2 weeks after the operation (1.3%) due to ictus, bronchopneumonia, and pneumonia, respectively. The hospital stay lasted 9 days, on the average. There were no cases of late hemorrhaging, fistula, or vesicle atony.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Hemostasis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (author's transl)].

The investigation of a girl aged 8 with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia showed an abnormality of primary hemostasis. The bleeding time was at the upper end of normal and platelet adhesiveness was decreased to a variable extent. Platelet life span was shortened, presumably due to the telangiectatic lesions typical of this disease. Platelet aggregation and ADP-content were normal as was the plasma coagulation system.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1978

Comparative effects of aspirin and acetaminophen on hemostasis.

Aspirin, even in small doses, has a profound and relatively long-lasting effect on platelet function and hemostasis. This usually produces few clinical problems. However, if a patient has an underlying hemostatic defect, undergoes surgery or sustains an injury, or is a newborn, severe hemorrhage is a potential risk. Aspirin is contraindicated in these clinical contexts. In contrast, acetaminophen has no effect on the hemostatic mechanism unless massive overdose results in hepatic necrosis with depression of synthesis of coagulation factors. Acetaminophen can be used when indicated in clinical situations where the use of aspirin may be potentially dangerous.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1976

Factor V and VIII activation "in vivo" during bleeding. Evidence of thrombin formation at the early stage of hemostasis.

Factor V and VIII activity was measured by a one-stage assay on capillary blood issuing from a skin cut. This activity increases during bleeding. The phenomenon is suppressed by a previous injection of a low dose of heparin. These data give evidence of a very early local formation of thrombin during hemostasis. The study of this activation process in patients with congenital deficiency of blood clotting factor allows to investigate the mechanism of thrombin formation in vivo. This demonstrates the preeminence of the tissue factor pathway and the need of factor VIII for factor X activation in the extrinsic system.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The infrared contact coagulator for hemostasis in the renal parenchyma (author's transl)].

Investigations on hemostasis with the infrared contact coagulator (ICC) after renal pole resections in dogs with and without clamping of the renal vessels are reported. Clamping the renal vessels led to less bleeding, but the coagulation time was distinctly prolonged. In addition the use of ICC in renal pole amputations in humans is described in two cases of urogenital tuberculosis. In both cases we were able to stop the bleeding quickly and satisfactorily without clamping the renal vessels. The results of animal experiments and the significance of using the ICC in man are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Kinetic characterization of hemostasis in thermal injury.

Hemostasis has been characterized by kinetic measurements in 12 patients with severe burns. Survival and turnover of 51Cr-platelets, 131I-fibrinogen, and 125I-plasminogen were simultaneously measured in 10 patients within 24 hours of injury; the disappearance times were shortened in concert to approximately 20% of normal values, and platelet and fibrinogen turnover were increased to more than three times normal. Serial studies in five of these patients 3 and 5 weeks later showed progressive improvement in kinetic measurements ,but normal values were not achieved. Two additional patients with similar rates of consumption demonstrated localization of radiolabeled platelets and fibrinogen in the burn wound. Heparin therapy did not modify consumption significantly. Enhanced fibrinolysis was reflected by marked reduction in 125I-plasminogen survival, depletion of the plasma plasminogen levels, and elevated levels of fibrin degradation products. Initial low levels of platelets and fibrinogen were followed by compensatory elevations; factor V and prothrombin complex factors were depressed during the first five days, but factor VIII levels were not reduced. Thermal injury is characterized by marked and prolonged consumption within the wound of platelets, fibrinogen, and plasminogen that is not reversible by heparin. This process depletes hemostatic components and causes bleeding when the burn is massive or complications are severe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Effectiveness of using gelatin sponge for hemostasis during treatment of acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis].

Patients with acute thrombosis of profound large veins of the lower limbs and pelvis (83) were administered anticoagulants of indirect action, heparin and thrombolytic drugs (fibrinolysin or thrombolytin), as a result of it all patients showed marked hypocoagulemia, contributing to increased blood loss during the operation and the development of hemorrhagic complications postoperatively. With the purpose of hemostasis gelatin sponge was employed in 47 operative interventions. The number of hemorrhagic complications, while using the sponge, was reliably decreased as compared with the group of patients (57) in whom the sponge was not employed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemostasis in schistosomiasis mansoni.

Hemostasis was studied in 18 patients with the hepato-intestinal form of Schistosomiasis mansoni and in 23 with the hepato-splenic form. Both groups are compared referring to alterations found. The relations between plasmatic coagulation factors and hepatocytic function tests are studied. In 6 patients the explorations were repeated after administration of hycanthone. In the patients with the hepato-splenic form, the presence of chronic consumptive coagulophathy was found. The coagulopathy disappeared either by treatment with heparine or by splenectomy. This observation points out the importance of splenomegaly in the development of chronic consumptive coagulopathy, and may be an important factor in indicating splenectomy in a patient with portal hypertension due to Schistosomiasis mansoni.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The role of vitamins in hemostasis.

The physiological mechanism to prevent and control abnormal bleeding is dependent on three vitamins (C, K, and Q). Two of these are unequivocally established as essential for hemostasis while the existence of the third (Q) is supported by experimental evidence and by clinical and therapeutic observations (Quick 1972; Quick 1974). The interrelationship of these three vitamins has remained moot except for clue observations. Both vitamins C and K have a key structure in their molecules which supplies a redox mechanism, ascorbic acid and 2-methyl, 1,4-naphthoquinone, respectively. Both vitamins are concerned with growth. Lack of vitamin C, which clinically is the basic defect of scurvy, does not appear to cause a defect in blood coagulation while vitamin K affects the clotting mechanism by being essential for the production of four distinct clotting factors: prothrombin, factors VII, IX and X. In this presentation an attempt is made to correlate the action of the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors grouping them in a diagram to show how two systems of thrombin formation exist, one being essentially intrinsic, the second extrinsic requiring tissue thromboplastin and factor VII. The possible interlocking of vitamin Q in this mechanism is presented.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in hemostasis in the postoperative period].

Hemostasis was investigated in the postoperative stage (at 24 hours and at 5 days) in 20 patients that had underwent major surgical interventions. The test applied for study of blood coagulation included : thrombocyte counting, the test of Howell, the activated recalcification time, the activated partial thromboplastin time, the prothrombin time (Quick), the thrombin time, estimation of fibrinogen concentration, the protamine sulphate test. The activity of the fibrinolytic system was investigated by the euglobulin clot lysis test and by the method of fibrin plates, while fibrinolysis inhibitors were assessed by determination of serum antiplasmines. Also the fibrinolytic degratation products were evaluated. The results indicate a biological condition that can be classified as "thrombophilia", characterized by hyperfibrinogenemia, the presence of fibrin monomers, a decrease of the fibrinolytic activators and an increase in the amount of antiplasmins, as well as a high percentage of fibrinolytic degradation products. Although the patients did not show manifest signs of thrombosis in the postoperative period, the results obtained indicate a tendency to intravascular formation and deposition of fibrin and suggest the necessity to apply prophylactic therapy with anticoagulants in the postoperative period.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1979

Uncontrollable postpartum bleeding: a new approach to hemostasis through angiographic arterial embolization.

A case of severe postpartum hemorrhage is reported. Three separate surgical procedures failed to reveal the source of bleeding, and standard surgical techniques, including bilateral ligation of the hypogastric arteries, were unsuccessful in producing hemostasis. However, angiography successfully identified the specific bleeding vessel, and transcatheter embolization with Gelfoam fragments quickly and effectively stopped the hemorrhage. The authors consider angiographic embolization to be an effective alternative approach to the control of pelvic hemorrhage and recommend that the technique be considered prior to surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Hemostasis in epileptic seizures and status epilepticus].

The hemostasis function was studied in 33 patients with epileptical seizures of a different etiology. The studies were conducted at the moment of the epileptical seizure or epileptical status and in the interattack period during hyperventilation. The concentration of products of blood fibrinogen degradation, the degree of platelet agregation, their number and prothrombine index were estimated. The data obtained were compared with those of normals. The results of the studies indicate the existence of the syndrome of intravascular coagulation during an epileptical seizure and epileptical status.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1978

[Influence of carbon disulfide on hemostasis in rabbits. I. Studies on coagulation and fibrinolysis].

Rabbits were exposed to carbon disulphide vapours in the toxicological chamber. Fibrinogen level, antiplasmin activity and soluble fibrin monomer complexes in the blood were increased, fibrinolysis time was prolonged. These disturbances in hemostasis depend on the concentration of carbon disulphide in the inhaled air and on the intoxication time. The authors suggest that these findings depend on the changed lipid metabolism and on the direct antagonistic influence of CS2 on coagulation and fibrynolysis agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Murine tumor cell activity on in vitro hemostasis.

The procoagulant activity of various murine tumor cells was investigated. This activity is different from tumor to tumor in quality and strength. This parameter must be taken into account in any experiment designed to explore the metastatic spread or to cure tumors, including the use of drugs that modify hemostasis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemostasis by premedication with estrogen in hair-transplant surgery.

Premedication with water-soluble conjugated estrogens administered the previous day and a half-hour before operation diminished bleeding and allows for a drier field, better vision and quicker work. Post-operative bleeding is negligible. Their short-term use has not led to feminization nor presented cardiovascular problems.

Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)↗
PubMed1979

Surgical hemostasis.

Every surgical procedure taxes the hemostatic defenses of the patient. If his hemostatic mechanism is sound, he is unlikely to have a bleeding problem during or after an operation, unless, of course, a suture or clip slips off. Two classes of patients do present bleeding problems to the surgeon. One group has a pre-existing bleeding tendency, the other acquires it during or after the operation. The recognition of patients with severe hemostatic disabilities, such as hemophilia, presents no problem since the patient is aware of the disease. The mild bleeder is less likely to be detected by screening tests than by adroit questioning. The major hemostatic defect that may develop during an operation, or shortly thereafter, is disseminated intravascular coagulation. This syndrome, always secondary, may accompany shock, mismatched blood transfusion, septicemia, or extensive malignancy. Its prevention or early recongnition is much easier than treatment after circulating platelets and some coagulation factors have been consumed and fibrinolysis is destroying fibrin and fibrinogen.

Anticoagulants↗