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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The normal flora of the mouths of macropods (Marsupialia: macropodidae).

From swabs obtained from the mouths of 59 captive macropods and cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi, the most frequent isolates were streptococci and aerobic Gram-negative rods. Other isolates, in order of diminishing frequency, were Gram-positive non-sporulating rods and filaments, staphylococci/micrococci, aerobic Gram-negative cocci, fungi, anaerobic Gram-positive cocci, anaerobic Gram-negative rods and filaments, species of Bacillus and Clostridium, and membranes of the Simonsiellaceae. No anaerobic Gram-negative cocci were isolated, and spirochaetes were seen only in one animal with periodontal pockets. Smears of material from the mouths of 5 wild wallabies showed organisms resembling those found in the captive animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha analog on the plasma concentration of progesterone in the bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus (Marsupialia:Peramelidae), during lactation.

Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF) analog was administered to bandicoots during lactation to determine whether PGF2 alpha is involved in the regression of the marsupial corpus luteum. The concentration of progesterone in the plasma, and the morphology of the corpus luteum were monitored following PGF analog treatment. When the drug was administered early in lactation, there was no apparent change in luteal function. However, when PGF analog was administered on Days 30 and 31 of lactation an immediate decrease in plasma progesterone concentration to 0.1 ng/ml was observed and regression of the corpora lutea was observed by Day 36. The corpus luteum of numerous eutherian species is resistant to the luteolytic effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the early luteal phase. The corpus luteum of the bandicoot appears to be resistant in a similar manner during early lactation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Seasonal variation of plasma testosterone in a wild population of male Eastern quoll, Dasyurus viverrinus (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae), from Tasmania.

In the wild, male Eastern quoll, Dasyurus viverrinus, exhibit a synchronized sequence of increase and decrease in plasma testosterone concentration, body weight, and scrotal size in response to the breeding season. Basal concentrations of peripheral testosterone between 0.5 and 0.7 ng/ml circulate during the nonbreeding period. By April, 2 months prior to breeding, testosterone concentrations increased to around 1.6 ng/ml. This increase may reflect a resurgence in testicular activity, as scrotal size is maximal at this time. A synchronized testosterone peak of 5.0 ng/ml was observed during the mating period in early June. With the cessation of breeding, testosterone concentrations in resident males returned to basal levels by July; however, transient males maintained elevated levels for slightly longer. The timing of breeding and the short duration of the testosterone breeding peak enable the quoll to intensify its reproductive effort.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Stress and mortality in the red-tailed phascogale, Phascogale calura (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae).

An investigation was made of endocrine changes occurring during the life history of Phascogale calura, a small, arboreal, squirrel-like insectivorous marsupial. Following a 3-week mating period in July each year, all males disappear from the population and it is presumed that they die. During the mating period the plasma cortisol concentration in males increased to a greater extent than did the plasma corticosterone. During this period the plasma concentration of CBG decreased in the males but not in the females, which resulted in competition between the two glucocorticoids for binding sites and a 25-fold sex difference in free cortisol concentration. The plasma testosterone concentration in males reached its maximum value about the time of disappearance of the males and the plasma lacked high-affinity binding for androgens. The depression in CBG concentration was androgen dependent since castration of captive males caused a marked increase in plasma CBG concentration which could be reversed with androgen administration. Postmorten examination of moribund males revealed evidence of hemorrhage from gastric ulcers and some evidence of immune suppression and disease. It is considered that a state of stress in males triggered by aggressive interactions following an elevation in plasma testosterone concentration during mating and antagonized by an androgen-dependent decrease in CBG concentration results in suppression of both immune and inflammatory reactions. This is the first detailed description of endocrine changes which accompany a stress-related total male mortality in a dasyurid marsupial species which does not belong to genus Antechinus.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Host-parasite associations of Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) in kangaroos and wallabies of the genus Macropus (Marsupialia:Macropodidae).

Faecal samples from 514 kangaroos and wallabies representing 12 species of the genus Macropus were examined for oocysts of Eimeria spp. Six species of Eimeria were redescribed from their type hosts, and on the basis of finding homologous oocysts in the faeces of other Macropus spp., host ranges for these coccidia were extended. Eimeria hestermani Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. giganteus (eastern grey kangaroo) and is described from M. fuliginosus (western grey kangaroo), M. rufogriseus (red-necked wallaby), M. dorsalis (black-striped wallaby), and M. eugenii (tammar wallaby). E. toganmainensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. rufus (red kangaroo) and the host range is extended to M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus, M. rufogriseus and M. eugenii. E. wilcanniensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. rufus, and the host range is extended to M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus and M. robustus (euro or wallaroo). E. macropodis Wenyon & Scott, 1925 is redescribed from M. rufogriseus, and is described from M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus, M. rufus, M. irma (western brush wallaby), M. parryi (whip-tailed wallaby), M. dorsalis, M. eugenii, and M. parma (parma wallaby). E. fausti Yakimoff & Matschoulsky, 1936, E. cunnamullensis Mykytowycz, 1964 and E. purchasei Mykytowycz, 1964 are synonymized with E. macropodis. E. marsupialium Yakimoff & Matschoulsky, 1936 is redescribed from M. giganteus, and from M. fuliginosus. E. gungahlinensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. fuliginosus, and from M. giganteus. Seven new species of Eimeria are described. E. flindersi, new species, is described from M. eugenii, M. rufogriseus, and M. antilopinus (antilopine wallaroo). E. prionotemni, new species, is described from M. eugenii, M. parryi, M. rufogriseus, M. agilis (agile wallaby) and M. dorsalis. E. mykytowyczi, new species, is described from M. agilis, M. antilopinus, and M. parryi. E. parryi, new species, is described from M. parryi. E. yathongensis, new species, is described from M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus. E. parma, new species, is described from M. parma, and E. desmaresti, new species, is described from M. rufogriseus. E. kogoni Mykytowycz, 1964, and E. rufusi Prasad, 1960 are considered species inquirendae. The host-parasite associations of these coccidia, and of similar species of Eimeria in other genera of Macropodoid marsupials, are discussed in relation to the postulated phylogeny of the hosts.

Animals↗