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The origin of protein and fatty yolk in Rana pipiens. I. Phase microscopy.

Study of living frog oocytes with the phase microscope has shown that the early yolk appears in two forms. One of these, the protein yolk, consists of thin, dense, plate-like bodies which in face view are almost always regular hexagons. The other form, the fatty yolk, occurs as clusters of globules of varying sizes. The plate-like bodies occur both singly and in clusters. As the oocytes mature these plate-like bodies grow in size while retaining their hexagonal outline. Mitochondria have been observed to increase in length and numbers as the oocytes mature; they are rods or filaments at all stages of growth up to an oocyte diameter of 300 microns. The oocyte cytoplasm gradually becomes packed with long mitochondria, plate-like bodies, and clusters of globules.

Animals↗

Amplitude and phase microscopy for sizing of spherical particles.

We describe a numerical vector diffraction model based on Mie theory that describes the imaging of spherical particles by bright-field, confocal, and interferometric microscopes. The model correctly scales the amplitude-scattered field relative to the incident field so that the forward-scattered and incident light can be interfered to correctly model imaging with copolarization transmission microscopes for the first time to our knowledge. The model is used to demonstrate that amplitude and phase imaging with an interferometric microscope allows subwavelength particle sizing. Furthermore, we show that the phase channel allows much smaller particles to be sized than amplitude-only measurements. The model is validated by experimental measurements.

Journal Article↗