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A nurse manager, an educationalist and a clinician describe their nursing model, which has been implemented on an orthopaedic unit. Based on an appreciation of the unique nature of the nurse-patient relationship, the model aims to foster and develop patient empowerment as a means of encouraging rehabilitation.
It is suggested that personal construct theory not only has the potential as a model for nursing, but also for complementary therapies, thus allowing complementary therapies or procedures from the therapies and nursing to blend, promoting a seamless integration that enables nurses to offer a wider range of interventions in their nursing care. By coming together in a therapeutic relationship using personal construct theory, it is possible for nurses to enhance the process of healing which is an integral part of nursing care.
The Caggins Synergy Nursing Model (CSNM) is a conceptual framework which was developed by the author during her doctoral coursework at Texas Woman's University-Houston. The conceptualization of the phenomena described in the CSNM represents an integration of several theoretical frameworks and the sequencing of concepts based on the influence of other theoretical frameworks. The theoretical and conceptual frameworks that were integrated and had the most influence during the development of the model were Rogers' (1970) life process model, Akers' (1970) conceptual framework for professional cohesion, and Cattell's (1948) group syntality theory. The CSNM supports the use of the nursing process and is applicable to the analysis of group interaction.
This paper describes an investigation into how nurses describe patients' problems and the possible effects of an espoused nursing model on these descriptions. A descriptive study was conducted on two medical wards in a Welsh District General Hospital. Data collected were subjected to content analysis using Gordon's Functional Health Patterns to order the data. The two wards investigated, whilst being very similar in many ways, utilized different nursing models. Findings showed that the nurses studied, when describing patients' problems, most commonly used medical diagnoses or the medical reasons for admission. Patients' problems identified predominately addressed bio-physical needs with scant attention given to psycho-social needs. Despite the use of two different nursing models the language and emphasis of problem description were very similar and there was no evidence of the application of the conceptual underpinnings of the two models. It is suggested that although the use of a ready-made nursing language may have drawbacks, the British nurse should understand and assess the value of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association's (NANDA) nursing diagnoses. Without such involvement this system may be implemented in the United Kingdom (UK) without the input and influence of practising nurses.
UNLABELLED: Currently, nursing theory is not a South African Nursing Council requirement for pre-registration nursing education curricula. AIM OF THE STUDY: to determine registered nurses' (RNs) attitudes towards nursing models. METHODOLOGY: replication of McKenna's (1994) 20-item Likert-type self-completion questionnaire with adaptations. RESEARCH SETTING: A 1,600-bedded State-funded academic hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. STUDY SUBJECTS: Two groups: RNs who had nursing degrees and RNs who had a traditional diploma training. FINDINGS: Results from the Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples indicates that at the 0.05 level of significance there was no difference in how each group of RNs responded to 19 statement items so there was not enough evidence to reject the Null Hypothesis for these statements (P < 0.05). However, as a group, the diploma-prepared RNs appeared to have a more positive attitude than the graduate RNs towards nursing models.
Public health nurses are in a strategic position to maintain, promote, and protect the health of populations both now and in the future. In the changing health care environment of the 1990s, defining the expanding and evolving role of public health nursing assists in the effective utilization of public health nurses. During a time when the health care environment is emphasizing the protection and promotion of health, access to health services, and prevention of illness, it is necessary for public health nurses to be in the forefront in the changing focus to primary prevention. Therefore, a model for public health nursing is proposed to provide a framework for defining public health nursing roles and practice. A flowering tree is one symbol of public health nursing. The tree consists of seven parts symbolizing nine public health nursing concepts. This model is proposed to articulate clearly the capacity of public health nursing within today's ever-changing environment and to provide a framework for public health nursing theory, public health nursing practice, policy development, and public health research.
Community health nursing has the potential to reach beyond the individual and create interventions that affect the community as a whole. The Nursing Model of Community Organization for Change presented in this article describes the relationships among the concepts of empowerment, partnership, participation, cultural responsiveness, and community competence within a community organizing context. These concepts are implemented through the use of the Nursing Model of Community Organization for Change, which consists of four phases: assessment/reassessment, planning/design, implementation, and evaluation/dissemination. This nursing model provides a theoretical framework for community health professionals when creating community health interventions in partnership with community members.
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This paper focuses on the management of change in the context of health care and looks specifically at methods of introducing a new model of nursing into a general Intensive Therapy Unit (ITU). Rationale for change is discussed, change theory is appraised and a strategy for implementation, management and evaluation of change is provided.
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The nurse practitioner focus has been evolving from a medical to a nursing orientation since the inception of the role in 1965. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between role attitudes and values, confidence about practice knowledge and skills, and orientation to a medical or nursing model to guide practice. A national random sample of 482 nurse practitioners completed the Attitudes and Values Scale, the Confidence in Skills Scale, and a demographic survey. Findings indicate that nurse practitioners are very confident about their practice skills and knowledge and have a very strong nursing orientation. There is a direct positive correlation between level of confidence and degree of nursing orientation. Nurses in the sample also rated themselves as more confident about hands-on skills than indirect role components such as utilization of research, change theory, and evaluation of practice outcomes. The discussion interweaves this study's findings with role theory and offers a comparison and contrast to the existing body of knowledge.
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Debates within nursing can take the form of useful discussion and critique or verbal conflict generated from inflexible paradigm positions intolerant of differing stances perceived to be of no value. It is suggested that the most profitable process is debate that generates understanding of the strengths and limitations of various tools and techniques and helps identify suitable usage rather than uncritical advocacy or outright rejection. Suggested uses will thus themselves become subject to further debate and practitioners will be encouraged to adopt a use that suits their practice setting and role. The quantitative-qualitative research debate, criticisms of the nursing process and nursing models and reflective practice are examined. Dogmatic positions are highlighted and uses that are potentially controversial are identified.
Menopausal women face a variety of physical, social and psychological problems. The authors advocate the use of King's model of nursing as a framework to identify their problems and encourage client co-operation to overcome them. The adoption of this model would also support claims to clinical nurse specialist status for nurses working in menopause clinics.
1. The use of nursing models and the nursing process in any setting must be justified by their value for clients. 2. If no empirical evidence confirms the worth of a particular model, it is the responsibility of nurses to determine the value of the model used in their own setting. 3. Models should be adapted to the patient setting, and seen as a tool rather than applied ritualistically.
The value of nursing models, especially the well-published works of many of the American theorists, has been debated and argued at length. Indeed the topic was the subject of the July debate at the Royal Marsden Hospital in London, which is an indication itself of the interest post-registration nurses working in cancer care have in the subject. Nurses have talked about using models of care for many years. There are even those who, for example, equate Florence Nightingale's work and writings with a nursing model. I would prefer to interpret Nightingale's work as a nursing philosophy and it is nursing philosophies rather than nursing models that are explored further in the context of cancer in this paper.