[Prevention of infectious hospitalism in day nurseries and infant homes].
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Infants in intensive care nurseries often have hand deformities and hand dysfunction. The traditional therapeutic approaches to hand care used in the treatment of adults, young children, and older infants are not always adequate to prevent progressive deformity in preterm and neonatal infants. Medical instability, time constraints, lack of family participation in the therapeutic program, the complexity of the treatment program, and fear of harming the infant are considerations that may indicate the need for splinting as an adjunctive therapeutic intervention. A number of factors are particularly important in making splints for infants, including splint alignment and padding, strap attachment, and thermoplastic malleability.
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Parent training was provided for 80 low-income, black teenage mothers during their infants' first six months. Half of the mothers were visited biweekly in their homes to be instructed in caregiving and in sensorimotor and interaction exercises, and half were trained as CETA (Comprehensive Employment Training ACT)-paid, teacher's aides in a medical school infant nursery that provided care for their infants and infants of medical faculty. Growth and development during the first two years were superior for the infants whose mothers received training, particularly those who received paid parent training as teacher's aides in the infant nursery. Repeat pregnancy rates were lower and return to work/school rates were higher for the infant nursery mothers, most of whom subsequently pursued nurse's aide training.
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Two infants born 4 days apart, and cared for in the same nursery, developed miliary tuberculosis at 2.5 and 5.5 months of age, respectively. A search for a source case among household contacts failed to reveal anyone with active tuberculosis. An epidemiologic study of nursery personnel revealed a nurse's aide with cavitary tuberculosis. Examination of 1,647 infants (98.9 per cent of all infants cared for in the nursery during the 10.5-month period preceding the discovery of the source case) failed to reveal any other infected children. Recommendations are made for tuberculosis control programs among nursery personnel that should be carefully and persistently followed.
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The Authors considerate the incidence of breast feeding in healthy preterm neonates. They emphasized the high incidence in breast feeding after discharge from the Nursery.