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PubMed1992

The making of logopedists: an international survey.

An international survey of 43 countries' education and training of logopedists confirms the trend towards an upgrading of qualifications. A heterogeneity of practices remains, however, which makes logopedics further removed from establishing international standards than an allied profession, occupational therapy. Clinical practicum is reported on in detail and shown to be particularly diverse. The situation in the European Community is described in particular, as qualified logopedists are now permitted to work in any of the Community countries, provided that their qualification is not substantially different from that operating in the country of work.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The rules keep changing: recent NSW legislation.

The author surveys important legislative developments in recent years in the areas of hospital funding and categorisation, regulation of public hospitals and private health establishments, area health services, the medical profession, occupational health and safety, tissue and organ transplantation, freedom of information and anti-discrimination.

Australia↗
PubMed1988

Smoking and the female professions: pre-occupational influences on the behaviour of recruits to nursing and teaching.

A questionnaire and interview study of female recruits to nursing and teaching showed that occupational differences in the prevalence of smoking are already established at entry to training. The social characteristics of the smokers in the sample corresponded to those of women smokers generally. Differences in education and social origin contributed to occupational variations in behaviour. The influence of sibling behaviour and parental opinion operated differently within the two occupational groups. The psychological attributes of individuals attracted to a particular profession may also contribute to occupational patterns, specifically risk-taking and a concern for personal freedom.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Reasons for choosing occupational therapy as a profession: implications for recruitment.

This study examines the ways in which 272 recently certified occupational therapists learned of the profession of occupational therapy and the factors that influenced their decisions to choose occupational therapy as a career. The data were analyzed according to age, sex, and geographic region to identify potential ways to improve recruitment efforts. The results indicated that therapists most often learned of the profession while working in a health care setting. First exposure to occupational therapy was usually through an acquaintance in the profession, a family member, or a friend. The primary reasons for choosing occupational therapy included a desire to help people with disabilities, the promise of challenge and variety, the opportunity to work in a health care setting, and the belief that jobs are plentiful. The factors most likely to dissuade people from the profession were the expense of an education and lack of a clear understanding of occupational therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Collaborative fieldwork education with student occupational therapists and student occupational therapist assistants.

The profession of occupational therapy has a long history of working collaboratively with support personnel. This paper describes the process of a fieldwork education partnership developed between the McMaster University, BHSc (OT) Program and the Mohawk College, Occupational Therapist Assistant and Physical Therapist Assistant Program. Eight student occupational therapists and eight student occupational therapist assistants learned together in a variety of fieldwork settings, either in pairs or in groups. Both groups of students kept weekly journals of the experience and completed a post placement questionnaire. The journals were inductively analysed using a retrospective content analysis. The four emergent themes identified from the data are learning about each other's role, collaborative learning, impact on client care and future practice, and resistance to roles. Recommendations for future collaborations are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The profession's image, 1917-1925, Part II: Occupational therapy as represented by the profession.

This second part of a two-part article examines the representation of occupational therapy during its formative years, 1917-1925. It focuses on the image of the profession as it was described in the early professional journals and compares this image with that projected by the media (as described in Part I). Both the media and professional literature presented a similar image of occupational therapy: that of a profession that offered the promise of returning persons with disabilities to useful occupation within society. In today's health care system, where every profession espouses the goal of returning patients to full functioning, it is important to remember that in 1917 only one profession held that goal. The portrayal in the media and in the professional literature of occupational therapy at that time confirms this image.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed2002

A return to the worker role after injury: firefighters seriously injured on the job and the decision to return to high-risk work.

This paper presents information on occupational choices and behaviors as described by the model of human occupation and the profession of occupational therapy. This project was designed to answer the research question, "Why do people choose to return to the same high-risk careers after sustaining a serious work-related injury?" Two firefighters from a New York metropolitan area were interviewed individually to explore their roles, especially the worker role, their injuries, and their decisions to return to the same high-risk type of work. The results indicate that a strong social support system from co-workers, and the motivation and enjoyment of the job were the common factors that influenced the two participants to return to their jobs.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1991

The impact of AIDS on recruitment in the health professions.

The occupational risk of AIDS has been identified as a possible factor in the decline of applicants to health professions programs. This study examined data obtained from 914 Philadelphia public and parochial high school students concerning their knowledge and attitudes about AIDS, and their knowledge and attitudes toward the health professions. The survey revealed that the majority of respondents demonstrated a good, basic understanding of the transmission of the virus. While fear of exposure to the virus may negatively impact some prospective students, the majority in this study did not express this concern. Rather, the results indicated that the respondents' lack of knowledge and understanding of the health professions is a major reason that they may not be selecting health careers. Notably, more than 50% of those surveyed responded that high schools do not provide enough information about the health professions. These findings reinforce the need for creative recruitment and career counseling programs that will foster an interest in the health professions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

Occupation in lifestyle redesign: the Well Elderly Study Occupational Therapy Program.

This article describes an innovative preventive occupational therapy intervention for well older adults, the Well Elderly Treatment Program. In a previously reported large-scale randomized effectiveness study, this intervention was found to be highly successful in enhancing the physical and mental health, occupational functioning, and life satisfaction of multicultural, community-dwelling elders. In this article, the philosophical background, manner of development, topical content, methods of program delivery, and mechanisms underlying the program's positive effects are discussed, along with implications for occupational therapy practice. The treatment was based on application of occupational science theory and research and emphasized the therapeutic process of lifestyle redesign in enabling the participants to actively and strategically select an individualized pattern of personally satisfying and health-promoting occupations. The wide-ranging effectiveness of the program supports the occupational therapy profession's emphasis on occupation in affecting health and positions practitioners to extend their services to the realm of preventive interventions.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Occupational therapy: the role of ideology in the development of a profession for women.

This paper uses contemporary accounts, newspaper articles, and professional literature to describe the origin and development of the profession of occupational therapy. Ideas about the organization of work, women's characteristics, and the historical context of World War I are included. Occupational therapy is discussed from the perspective of values that contributed to the successful establishment and maintenance of a recognized structure in the work force for women performing occupational therapy services.

Female↗
PubMed2004

Targeting pupils at risk of occupational asthma.

A cross-sectional study was carried out in pupils attending the last training year from three school sections with high risks of occupational asthma (hairdressing, wood's profession, bakery) and in two groups with lower risks (butcher, salesmen). The analysis concerns a representative sample of 533 pupils in the French-speaking Community of Belgium. Among them, 62.0% in high risk professions of occupational asthma (OA) are conscious of occupational risks related to their work, as were 52.1% of those in professions less at risk (P < 0.05). The difference is also significant when asthma is mentioned as a health problem: 12.6% of the bakers and 14.1% of the hairdressers declared having suffered from asthma and 21.4% of the bakers and 26.7% of the hairdressers reckoned having had wheezing in their chest over the last 12 months. These results report preliminary signs of asthma in pupils before entering in their active life with risk of OA. Primary prevention should include information and redirecting pupils at risk of developing or increasing the disease in their working environment.

Adolescent↗