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PubMed2002

Floating norms and post-treatment overbite in open bite patients.

In this study, the clinical significance of three floating norm systems, the Bergen Box (BB), the Segner-Hasund Harmonybox 1 and 2 (SHH1 and SHH2), as well as the influence of treatment modalities for predicting results of an open bite treatment were investigated. In the BB and SHH1, patients with a steep mandibular plane angle or a skeletal open bite configuration (O1mand, O1mandmax, O1max, or N1mand) were considered 'high risk', while in the SHH2, only the configurations O1mand and O1mandmax were considered high risk. All other configurations were designated 'low risk'. It was postulated that in high risk patients, the overbite was likely to relapse into an open bite after retention. Cephalograms of 83 open bite patients taken before treatment (T1) and at the end of retention (T2) were studied. Patients designated as low risk generally had a normal overbite at T2 after treatment, regardless of which box was used. The risk configurations of the SHH1 and SHH2 at T1 were significant predictors of the overbite at T2, the first being slightly better compared with the SHH2. The main clinical values of the SHH1 and SHH2 are strongly supported by the relatively good success rate in distinguishing a low-risk configuration. Reliable prediction of the treatment results of high-risk patients with risk configurations according to the SHH is improved by evaluating treatment modalities. The posterior bite splint seemed to have a bite opening effect, while a bite closing effect was associated with the use of a removable retention appliance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Incisor edge-centroid relationships and overbite depth.

Interincisor angulation is commonly held to be a critical factor in determining overbite depth, where there is incisor contact. In this study significant correlations between these variables were found in Class II, division 2 malocclusions although interincisor angle explained less than a third of the variance in overbite depth. It was found that the anteroposterior relationship of the lower incisor edge to the upper incisor root centroid is more strongly related to overbite depth and it is suggested that this is a useful factor to take into account in planning treatment in Class II cases.

Dental Occlusion, Centric↗
PubMed1989

Overbite and overjet correction in a Class II, division 1 sample treated with Edgewise therapy.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of overjet and overbite correction in non-extraction and extraction therapy in a sample of Class II malocclusions treated with the Edgewise appliance. The subjects were 20 children treated without extraction and 20 children treated with extraction of the four first premolars. During the post-treatment period a relapse of overjet and overbite occurred in both groups. However, there was a beneficial net effect of overjet and overbite correction in both groups with no significant difference between the two groups. The study showed that mandibular intercanine width, space conditions in the lower jaw and mandibular incisor position were important factors in treatment planning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

The relationship between dental overbite and eustachian tube dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between deep dental overbite and eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Tertiary care pediatric otolaryngology outpatient clinic at the Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. PATIENTS: 105 patients between the ages of 2 and 6 years. STUDY MEASUREMENTS: Dental overbite, overjet, and occlusal relationships were measured by an observer who was unaware of ETD status. ETD was defined as having ventilation tubes in place or having the recommendation for ventilation tube placement by an attending pediatric otolaryngologist. In addition, demographic information and medical and social histories were prospectively recorded. RESULTS: In a multivariate logistic regression model, children with deep bites were 2.8 times more likely to have ETD than those without deep bites (P = .03). Other independent risk factors for ETD identified in this model were family history of otitis media (OM) and age less than 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Children with deep dental overbites are at a significantly increased risk for developing ETD.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Traumatic overbite: a restorative solution.

Deep overbite is frequently seen in the adult dentition. Although the condition is usually asymptomatic, certain factors may lead to the development of deep traumatic overbite, and in partially dentate patients loss of posterior occlusal support may be a contributory factor. Several treatment modalities, including orthodontics, orthognathic surgery and prosthodontics have been used but, as some adult patients with this problem are unwilling to avail themselves of treatment involving either orthodontics or orthognathic surgery, a restorative approach using a combination of fixed and removable restorations may provide a satisfactory solution. This paper details a case report on the restorative management of a partially dentate adult patient with a deep traumatic overbite.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Cross-sectional study of the evolution of the primary dentition: shape of dental arches, overjet and overbite].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics (shape of dental arches, overjet and overbite) of the primary dentition of 6- to 39-month-old children from four nurseries of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to associate them to gender and dentition phase. It was observed that 68.6% of the children presented round upper arch, while 31.4% had triangular upper arch; 92% of the children presented U-shaped lower arch and 8% had square-shaped lower arch. Moderate overjet was observed in 38.3% of the children, and slight overjet, in 30.3%. Severe (26.6%) and negative (25.5%) overbites were the most prevalent modalities of that condition. There was no association between gender and the studied characteristics. There was statistically significant association between the dentition phase and the shape of the arch, overjet and overbite (p < 0.001, chi-square test). It was possible to observe, in the present study, that early signs of malocclusions appeared when first primary molars erupted, as the posterior vertical dimension of occlusion increased. It was, thus, verified that early signs of malocclusions appear as the primary dentition develops. It is very important that the first dental visit occur during the first year of age, since it allows the pediatric dentist to prevent or carry out an early diagnosis of malocclusions in the primary dentition.

Brazil↗
PubMed2003

[The causes of incisal overbite].

Why does the eruption of some incisors cease when overbite has reached 3 mm and continue in other cases? Eruption stops only when an opposing force confronts it; normally, this is what occurs when incisors erupt into end-to-end occlusion. Tongue thrusting between molar teeth plays an etiological role only when it interferes with vertical dimension. Incisal overbite diminishes when incisal inclination increases: orthodontists can eliminate incisal overbite by inclining the anterior teeth labially. But a low interincisive angle is no assurance against relapse, because retention, to be reliable, must include a dynamic element, natural or artificial, blocking over-eruption.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Correction of deep overbite in adults.

Deep overbite is one of the most common features of adult malocclusions. Treatment of deep overbites involves a careful diagnosis, treatment plan, and mechanics plan. Pure intrusion of upper or lower incisors alone or in combination with flaring and extrusion of posterior teeth are common methods to correct deep overbites. This article describes appliance systems and biomechanical considerations necessary for intrusion of incisors.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A simple mathematical study of anterior dental relations. Part III: incisor and canine overbite.

Two previous articles described horizontal interarch relations with a simple model developed. This paper required further development of the horizontal relations to allow vertical overlap to be studied. An analysis of orthodontic and dental-prosthetic models provided values to refine horizontal description then guide vertical calculations. Tooth thickness and angles of the maxillary teeth were related to horizontal overlap to produce an estimate of potential overbite. Principles were derived from the calculations and stated. Change can be predicted for overjet and overbite during and after orthodontic treatment. This series of articles expands the logical foundations by rationally considering a broad range of anterior occlusions. There are limitations in observing one or two features of anterior occlusion without comprehending the influence of other significant measurements. Measuring change in anterior overbite is inadequate without concurrently accounting for changes of other variables such as: spacing/enlarging/hypodontia; crowding; buccal relations and tooth thickness. A better understanding of anterior dental relations is possible from use of this model and the principles derived from it.

Cuspid↗
PubMed1987

Correction of deep anterior overbite. A report of three cases.

The maintenance of deep overbite correction is one of the criteria by which we judge the long-term success of orthodontic treatment. To correct and maintain an excessive overbite, the orthodontist must intrude the overerupted teeth and establish a more ideal interincisal angle. The mechanical means to achieve this have been discussed. Three case reports have been presented to illustrate that attention to these details during treatment is of importance in achieving long term results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Determining the limits of orthodontic treatment of overbite, overjet, and transverse discrepancy: a pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Because of the severity of some malocclusions, it is not always possible to treat them without a combination of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. However, many insurance carriers have difficulty in deciding whether such treatment should be covered. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple method that can be used by insurance carriers to determine when a malocclusion is not correctable by orthodontics alone. METHODS: Twenty-eight orthodontists independently evaluated 30 sets of pretreatment dental models (10 with overjet from -6 to 12 mm, 10 with overbite from 60% to 100%, and 10 with transverse discrepancies from single tooth to total arch crossbite) to determine whether the conditions were orthodontically treatable. They were instructed to assume that growth was complete and that the treatment would not seriously compromise facial esthetics. RESULTS: It was the opinion of the orthodontists that a positive overjet greater than 8 mm, a negative overjet of -4 mm or greater, and a transverse discrepancy greater than 3 mm were not orthodontically treatable. However, most orthodontists believed that they could treat all overbite patients without surgery. CONCLUSIONS: These data can serve as a simple guideline for helping insurance carriers determine the need for orthognathic surgery.

Feasibility Studies↗
PubMed1994

Severe overjet and overbite reduced alveolar bone height in 19-year-old men.

Few investigations have reported convincing evidence of an association between malocclusion and loss of periodontal tooth support. The contradictory findings may in part be explained by the selection of material and by method differences. In many studies not-very-severe malocclusion was compared with not-very-correct occlusion. Only recently have measuring methods been developed that calculate the distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the interproximal alveolar bone crest (AC) to the nearest 0.01 mm with acceptable accuracy. The association between overjet > or = 8 mm and the reduction of the bone support as expressed by the distance between CEJ and AC in 21 military recruits was compared with a peer group of 50 recruits with nearly ideal occlusion. The results showed a significant reduction of bone height (mean = 0.96 mm) of the four upper front teeth and of the four lower incisors (mean = 0.35 mm) in the malocclusion group. Similarly, a group of 31 army recruits with overbite > or = 6 mm revealed a significant reduction of bone height of 0.71 mm of the upper front teeth and 0.49 mm of the lower front teeth. Overjet and overbite did not appear in combination in this material. In conclusion, alveolar bone height was reduced in regions with severe malocclusion when compared with corresponding regions in healthy men with near ideal occlusion. The material was military recruits (age 19 years).

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Periodontal lesions associated with deep traumatic overbite.

Certain aspects of malocclusion, particularly deep overbite, can be related to periodontal pathology, especially in the presence of poor oral hygiene. The authors have noted an association between deep overbite and unusual periodontal lesions. These lesions often appear on radiographs as circumscribed radiolucencies, remote from the alveolar crest and sometimes close to the apex. Gingival surface injury and food impaction may be important aetiological factors. This is illustrated in this article by a number of case studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The nasopharynx, face height, and overbite.

In lateral cephalometric films of a group of male subjects, none of whom was a mouth breather, the statistical relationships between overbite and nasopharyngeal dimensions were weak. Moderate relationships were found between face height and nasopharyngeal dimensions. Strongest correlations, with a peak at 10 years, were between--Face height and nasopharyngeal height (+) Face height and nasopharyngeal area (+) Face height and roof angle (-) Dynamic correlations between overbite, face height and nasopharyngeal dimensions were weak. Class II malocclusion subjects on average showed--Smaller Nasopharyngeal and Adenoid Areas. Larger Airways in both real and proportional terms, compared with Class I and normal occlusion subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

A mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage in a deep overbite case.

This article describes the orthodontic treatment of a 19-year-old female patient with anterior crowding. There was a moderate arch length discrepancy in the lower dental arch, a significant deep overbite, and a "gummy smile." We inserted an orthodontic mini-implant as anchorage for the intrusion of the upper incisor segment, followed by alignment of the upper and lower dental arches with an edgewise appliance without tooth extraction. The overbite was corrected from +7.2 mm to +1.7 mm by upper incisor intrusion, and the gummy smile was improved. Good occlusion and facial esthetics were achieved, and these results have been maintained for two years after completion of the active treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The effect of Andresen, Harvold, and Begg treatment on overbite and molar eruption.

A retrospective cephalometric study was carried out to compare the vertical dental changes between patients treated with the Andresen (30), Harvold (19), or Begg (30) appliances, and an untreated control group (24). It was found that all three appliances successfully reduced the overbite although the reduction tended to be more stable with the functional appliances. Overbite was reduced by a combination of factors which varied according to the appliance used, but included lower incisor intrusion or restraint, molar eruption, vertical growth of the face and lower incisor proclination in the functional groups. Relapse appeared to be primarily due to continued lower incisor eruption, retroclination of these teeth, and forward rotation of the mandible with continued growth.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed2005

The variable anchorage straight wire technique compared with the straight wire technique in deep overbite correction.

The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the treatment results and the number of required treatment appointments between the variable anchorage straight wire technique (VAST) and the straight wire (SW) technique. The subjects were 53 Caucasian patients of both sexes (25 males and 28 females, mean age 13.5 years at the start of treatment), with an overjet > or = 4 mm and an overbite > or = 3 mm. The patients were divided into four groups, VAST (n = 31) or SW (n = 22), extraction or non-extraction, and were treated by the same orthodontist. Variables from two lateral cephalograms obtained before and at the completion of active treatment, and the number of scheduled appointments were compared between the two techniques. The main difference between the two techniques was the bracket design. With the VAST, the bracket allowed both tipping and parallel movements with the possibility to combine double archwires. Due to the influence of the Begg technique, no extra-oral traction was needed in the VAST groups and Class II elastics were used at the start of treatment. Both techniques seemed to produce equal treatment results. However, in this study, it was shown that in deep overbite correction, the VAST required fewer scheduled appointments than the SW technique.

Adolescent↗