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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1955

Effect of ethionine-induced pancreatic damage on iron absorption.

Groups of rats were fed a diet of the purified type which was supplemented by dl-ethionine to produce pancreatic damage. It was shown that animals with pancreatic damage absorbed more iron from the gastrointestinal tract than control animals without pancreatic damage. When iron was added to the diet the animals with pancreatic damage absorbed even greater quantities of iron. These findings in rats were corroborated by similar findings in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1952

Formation of protein in the pancreas.

1. The total known secretory enzyme content of the mouse pancreas has been determined and found to represent about 20 per cent of the weight of the dry, fat-free tissue. 2. The changes in secretory enzyme content that occur during the cycle of secretion and synthesis have been measured. 3. In the course of the cycle no significant changes have been found in DNA or RNA content of pancreatic tissue. 4. Constancy of DNA content, along with other observations, indicates that total protein content of the gland remains substantially unchanged during the cycle of secretion and synthesis. These facts point to the conclusion that following upon the secretion of enzyme protein, synthesis of new protein takes place relatively rapidly in the exocrine cells of the pancreas and this protein is then gradually transformed into the characteristic pancreatic enzyme proteins.

DNA↗
PubMed1953

Synthesis of protein in the pancreas. II. The role of ribonucleoprotein in protein synthesis.

1. The ribonucleoprotein of the microsome fraction which sediments at 40,000 R.P.M. as a pellet (and which is referred to as the pellet material) has been studied with reference to its role in protein synthesis in the pancreas. 2. In pellet material nucleic acid and protein form a definite complex as shown by its electrophoretic behavior and unchanging composition under various conditions. 3. Protein of pellet material is not especially rich in the diamino acids. 4. Evidence is brought forward indicating that the protein component of pellet material takes part in the general process of protein synthesis in the cell. (a) The well known correlation between quantity of RNA and rate of protein synthesis in a tissue implicates the protein of the pellet material, for most of the RNA in the pancreas and other tissues is in this material. (b) Uptake of isotopically labelled glycine by the pellet material, confirming results of previous workers, is for short periods greater than in other protein fractions. (c) Comparing the pellet materials of pancreas, liver, and kidney-three tissues with vastly different rates of protein synthesis, in the sequence given-there is a correlation between the quantity of RNA in the pellet and the rate of protein synthesis in the tissue; a similar correlation between quantity of RNA in the pellet material and rate of N(15)-glycine uptake by the protein component of the pellet; and finally, the level of uptake by total protein varies with the tissue and is related to the uptake of N(15)-glycine by protein of the pellet. 5. In the pancreas a distinction can be made between proteins synthesized for secretion and the nucleoprotein of the pellet (not found in the secretion) which, however, takes part in the synthetic process, as shown by the fact that the N(15) uptake by protein of the pellet is increased when the synthesis of digestive enzymes is stimulated by secretion. 6. The time course of N(15) uptake by proteins of the pancreas indicates that pellet protein serves as precursor material in the synthesis of the secretory proteins. 7. Rate of uptake of N(15)-glycine by the purines of RNA of the pellet material is not correlated with uptake by the protein. 8. The uptake of C(14)-alanine by an in vitro system of microsomes + mitochondria is impaired by preincubation of the microsomes with ribonuclease. This is direct experimental evidence for the dependence of protein synthesis upon the presence or intactness of ribonucleic acid in the microsomes.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1958

The action of atropine on pancreatic secretion.

The action of atropine, in preventing pancreatic secretion in response to a parasympathomimetic drug, is analysed. Atropine does not appear to affect the uptake of glycine by the pancreatic cell, or the incorporation of radioactive amino acids into the total pancreatic tissue proteins, or into the proteins of the zymogen granules. The rate of amylase resynthesis in stimulated glands is not affected by atropine. It is suggested that atropine blocks pancreatic secretion in rats by blocking the extrusion of zymogen granules.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1960

A study of the pancreatic response to food after gastrectomy in man.

The results of intubation tests on 50 patients before and after gastrectomy have been reviewed. Following gastrectomy, the pancreatic response to food is modified in the following manner.(1) There is an increase in the resting volume of secretion.(2) After a Billroth I operation, the output in one hour after a meal is some two-thirds of the pre-operative output.(3) After a Polya gastrectomy, the pancreas continues to secrete at its resting rate after meals.(4) Dissociation of enzymes occurs in the afferent loop after a Polya operation. Lipase is frequently absent from the intestinal contents, and trypsin occasionally so.(5) Vagal section appears to be an important factor in the production of the new pattern of response.

Folliculitis↗
PubMed1960

A test of pancreatic function in man based on the analysis of duodenal contents after administration of secretin and pancreozymin.

Pancreozymin in man as in animals appears to act as a specific enzyme stimulant. The preparations of pancreozymin used in these experiments also contain cholecystokinin, which causes the gall bladder to contract, and a smooth muscle stimulant, possibly substance P. The duodenal contents obtained in response to a standard dose of secretin and pancreozymin have been collected quantitatively in man and the volume and amount of bicarbonate, amylase, trypsin, and lipase measured in order to study pancreatic function. The results of 105 tests undertaken on a normal group, in pancreatic and biliary disease, and in non-pancreatic steatorrhoea have been analysed. In localized pancreatic lesions and after recovery from acute pancreatitis, normal function is often retained. Mild functional impairment may be demonstrated only by a poor enzyme output in the post-pancreozymin fractions, while at a later stage bicarbonate output is affected and finally the volume of the duodenal contents is reduced. The secretin-pancreozymin test is most valuable, therefore, in the more chronic and advanced forms of pancreatic disease in which it gives a good assessment of residual pancreatic function. In diagnosis care must be taken in interpreting a functional test in terms of anatomical pathology. The test has proved useful not only in diagnosis but also as a guide to treatment and an index of prognosis.

Amylases↗