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Results for “PERSONALITY, IMMATURE”
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Social growth deficit as a syndrome.
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[Prematurity as etiological factor in neuropsychiatric disorders. I. Prematurity and psychoinfantilism].
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[Problem of deficient neuropsychic development in small children].
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[Clinical & psychological study of the psycho-infantile personality].
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[Psychogenic inability to walk].
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[Transference and retardation].
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The behavior of the child with cleft lip and palate as perceived by parents and teachers.
Fifty-eight pairs of parents of cleft lip/palate children, and fifty-eight classroom teachers of the children rated the child's behavior along four dimensions: conduct, personality, inadequacy-immaturity, and socialized delinquency. Results indicated that mothers and fathers rated conduct problems, personality problems, and socialized delinquency problems to change as a function of the child's age. There were no significant differences between mothers' and fathers' ratings of behavior: however, teacher ratings differed significantly from the parents. Implications for these findings are discussed.
Jaw-wiring for obesity.
Fourteen of nineteen-self referred obese women were treated for weight reduction by jaw-wiring. Most were immature, passive-dependent or passive-aggressive personalities. Only one-third of the group completed the study, which was six months in length. All lost weight initially, but about two-thirds later regained some weight. At first all responded with enthusiasm, but later most felt discouraged and found jaw-wiring difficult to accept. Only two patients derived significant benefit. There were no dental complications. Jaw-wiring appears to be a safe but ineffective means of controlling weight, especially if applied to patients with poor motivation and immature personalities.
Parents who physically abuse their children.
Increased knowledge of child abuse has mad what was once an infrequently diagnosed condition become recognised as a major pediatric and social problem. While there is no typical profile of an abusive parent, characteristics that have been found more frequently include a history of having been deprived and possible abused in the parent's own childhood, low self-esteem in the mother and increased ill-health in the immediate family members. Personality testing shows that the parents relate poorly to their children and to other people and that they have immature and impetuous personalities. Predictive studies show that abuse is commoner in families where the above characteristics are found, where family supports are minimal and where there are complications in the pregnancy, birth and in the neonatal period. However it should be recognised that the majority of families with these characteristics do not abuse their children. There is evidence that supportive measures provided to families who have known risk factors for abuse can reduce the incidence of this problem.
An international survey of predictive genetic testing in children for adult onset conditions.
PURPOSE: Predictive genetic testing is offered to asymptomatic adults even when there is no effective prophylaxis or treatment. Testing of young people in similar circumstances is controversial, and guidelines recommend against it. We sought to document descriptive examples of the occurrence of genetic testing in young people for nonmedical reasons, in the countries where guidelines exist. METHODS: Clinical geneticists in the USA, Canada, UK, Australia, and New Zealand were surveyed about the occurrence and outcomes of testing in asymptomatic young people for conditions where no prophylaxis or treatment exists and onset is usually in adulthood. RESULTS: Of 301 responses, details were provided of 49 cases where such testing had occurred. The most common condition tested for was Huntington Disease. In 22 cases (45%), the young person tested was immature, defined as under the age of 14 years. Results were disclosed to only two immature minors and in three cases parents experienced clinically significant anxiety related to how they would pass on information to their gene positive child. In 27 cases (55%), the young person tested was mature. Results were disclosed to 26 mature minors and it was reported that two individuals experienced an adverse event. Consistent follow-up did not take place and findings represent the minimum frequency of adverse events. The majority of respondents agree with existing guidelines but many believe each case must be considered individually. CONCLUSION: Clinicians agree with existing guidelines regarding predictive testing in young people, but choose to provide tests for nonmedical reasons in specific cases.
[Contribution to the study of the nuclei of ossification in immature, premature and full-term infants. (Personal cases)].
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Decreased levels of complement receptor 1 (CD35) on B lymphocytes in persons with HIV infection.
Previous studies have shown that complement receptor 1 (CR1) expression on erythrocytes is decreased under several conditions including HIV infection and autoimmune diseases. The goal of this study was to determine whether expression of CR1 on peripheral blood B cells, where this receptor plays a role during immune responses, is altered in persons with HIV infection. The B cells from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were also assessed since this represents a group with known complement and B cell abnormalities. The CD19+ B cells from persons with either HIV infection or RA had significantly reduced levels of CR1 when compared with control donors (75 and 72% CR1+ versus 94% CR1+ for control donors). The reduction of B cell CR1 occurred in both the percentage of B cells positive for CR1 and the levels of CR1 found on positive cells. In contrast, CR1 on monocytes was not reduced. As shown in previous studies, CR2 was also found to be reduced on B cells from the HIV-infected persons and there was extensive overlap between the B cell subsets which lacked expression of CR1 and CR2. The complement receptor-negative B cells found in HIV-infected persons were not immature or activated as defined by their lack of expression of CD10 or B7, respectively. Elevated levels of C4d, a classical complement pathway-activation product, were detected in plasma from both HIV-infected and RA patients. These studies suggest that chronic complement activation occurring in persons with HIV infection or RA can affect the complement receptor phenotype of peripheral blood B cells. Since complement receptors are involved in activation of B cells, the subset that lacks CR1 may represent cells that have encountered immune complexes and may therefore be stimulated. Additionally, the downregulation of complement receptors may have significant effects on the ability of B cells to capture and present opsonized antigens.
Cutaneous artifactual disease. A review, amplified by personal experience.
Cutaneous artifactual disease is part of the general syndrome of contrived disease. While classical examples are easy to recognize, it can present in unusual ways. Difficulties in recognition include the unusual doctor-patient relationship, the doctor's fear of missing organic disease, and the reality of the disease to the patient's family and the family doctor. The diagnosis depends upon finding lesions whose morphology is consistent and an emotionally immature patient, whose personality shows, or has shown, hysterical and masochistic traits. Lesions "arrive" fully developed. Once there they begin to heal, so that a continuous supply of new ones is necessary if the illness is to continue. High intelligence is compatible with the diagnosis, but a mature personality is not. The differential diagnosis is extensive. Investigations prove negative or equivocal; in the latter case, the investigator is led even further into unfamiliar territory. It is suggested that the essence of management is to keep in contact with the patient.
[Nutritional, psychological and social aspects of mothers of malnourished children].
Mothers of malnourished children were evaluated by psychologist, nutritionist, social worker and pediatrician with the objective of verifying in which ways the psychological, social and nutritional aspects interact. All mothers were from the low socioeconomic level, with extremely low family incomes, lower school levels were predominant,with 57.6% up to 4 years of formal education; 27.3% of the mothers were single, 48.5% single with male partners, 18.2% married and 6% separated. Main personality traits found: immaturity, difficulties in relationships, low self-regard, feelings of insufficiency/inferiority, aggressiveness. The intellectual level was average or below average in 82.6%. Concerning food preparation,we observed that 80% were disorganized and showed poor hygiene, 64% did not show interest, 77% wasted foodstuffs, 61.9% were insecure in handling foods and 37% prepared foods with inadequate aspect and consistency. Results confirm that social aspects effectively are a risk factor for malnutrition in families from the low socioeconomic level. Other aspects are also very relevant, since certain characteristics of the mothers personality disturb her performance and determine external disorder and absence of interest during preparation of meals, an activity directly related to child care.
[Subjective sleep disturbances and psychosocial states in long-term abstainers].
To evaluate the relation between subjective sleep disturbances and psychosocial factors in alcoholics, we studied the subjective estimate of sleep, occupation, marital status, and economic status in 210 abstainers, using check lists which were given to each patients (169 answerers, 82. 9% recovery). We also performed psychological tests of Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory in 145 subjects, Maudsley Personality Inventory in 115, and Cornell Medical Index in 103. The results were as follows: 1. Sleep disturbances were seen in 100 abstainers (59.2%). 2. The abstainers who had abstained for less than 2 years showed higher incidence of sleep disturbances than those who had abstained for 2 years or more (70.7% and 37.5%, respectively). 3. The abstainers with sleep disturbances were more frequently unemployed, more frequently divorced, and had lower economic status than those without sleep disturbances (69.0% vs. 36.3%, 31.0% vs. 17.4%, and 49.0% vs. 23.2%, respectively). 4. Three psychological tests suggested that abstainers with sleep disturbances had more immature and neurotic personalities. The present study suggests that the occurrence of sleep disturbances in abstainers may be relevant to their psychosocial states.
Trisomy 8 syndrome. A psychological and somatic study of a mentally non-retarded male with 46,XY/47,XY,+8 chromosome constitution.
A 27-year-old, non-retarded male with trisomy 8 mosaicism (46,XY/47,XY,+8) had a short head, a short broad-bridged nose, a protruding upper lip, pterygium colli, moderate kypho-scoliosis, camptodactyly of all fingers and deep furrowing on the soles. Radiographic examination of columna showed spina bifida of L1 and fusion of L5 and S1. These findings are characteristic for the trisomy 8 syndrome. A psychological study showed a personality characterized by immaturity and lack of spontaneity and self-confidence. An intelligence test (WAIS) placed him within the normal range, but presented an uneven development of the cognitive functions with special difficulties in synthetic abilities and visual scanning. His auditive span was rather low, and his memory functions were somewhat below average.