Using the S tables of MIRD Pamphlet 11.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Radiation Dosage↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Pamphlets”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
NCI pamphlet discusses effects of DES exposure in utero.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adenocarcinoma↗
AIDS prevention in primary care clinics: testing the market.
To assess attitudes toward educational programs about AIDS, 540 patients and 36 of their medical providers in primary care clinics were systematically sampled to ascertain what age groups should be exposed to a pamphlet entitled "Am I at Risk for AIDS?", as well as what was acceptable content for posters and pamphlets placed in clinic waiting rooms. Although fewer than 10% of patients and providers opposed asking both teenagers and adults to read a pamphlet listing risk groups and practices, 24% of patients and 51% of providers opposed exposing children to the pamphlets. Only 6% of patients and none of the providers opposed all posters about AIDS, but 30% of patients and 44% of providers opposed posters listing risk groups, and opposition was even greater to posters describing "safe sex." Regarding pamphlets acceptable for clinic waiting rooms, resistance among patients and providers was common (greater than 25%) only when sexual practices were specifically mentioned. Although 89% of patients stated they had never been asked about their sexual orientations by a doctor or nurse, 34% of providers stated that they "always" or "often" so inquire. In the primary care clinics surveyed, a wide variety of educational interventions about AIDS could be implemented with little opposition.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Preparation for caesarean childbirth: derivation of a nursing intervention from the Roy Adaptation Model.
The paper describes a programme of research directed toward developing and testing a nursing intervention derived from the Roy Adaptation Model of Nursing and designed to prepare expectant parents for unplanned Caesarean birth. The first study was a retrospective survey of Caesarean-birth parents that revealed the need for detailed information about the events surrounding Caesarean birth. The second study was a clinical field test of the nursing intervention, which consisted of a pamphlet containing information about all aspects of Caesarean birth with follow-up discussion of pamphlet content. Data analysis indicated that Caesarean-birth parents found the pamphlet content informative and reassuring and found the follow-up beneficial. The third study was a clinical field test of a modified version of the intervention consisting of the pamphlet and focused discussion about Caesarean birth. Data analysis revealed that the nursing intervention provided the information expectant parents needed to prepare for the possibility of Caesarean childbirth. The fourth study is an ongoing experiment designed to test the effects of the nursing intervention on responses to unplanned Caesarean birth. Emphasis throughout the paper is placed on the links between the Roy Adaptation Model and the methodology and findings of each study.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Readability of health care literature.
A sample of health care literature produced for parents was analysed, using the Flesch method, for readability and human interest. As a comparison, the readability and human interest scores were also calculated for Sydney daily newspapers. It was found that the pamphlets produced by government agencies were more readable than those produced by non-government agencies. Those pamphlets written with input from parents were the most readable of all. Similar results were found for the human interest level of the pamphlets. The readability and the human interest scores of the government-produced pamphlets were similar to those of the larger circulation daily newspapers. Health care literature for parents needs to be good quality and easily understood. The involvement of parents in their production may improve the effectiveness of these leaflets.
Persons with Disabilities↗
Liquid-crystal thermometer use in pediatric office counseling about tap water burn prevention.
Tap water scald burns are an important topic of injury prevention in pediatricians' offices. Consecutive pediatric clinic clients, randomized to two groups, received an informational pamphlet, a one-minute discussion about tap water safety, and a baseline questionnaire. The first group also received a liquid-crystal thermometer for testing maximum hot tap water temperature. One month later in a follow-up telephone interview (n = 503), the impact of the added thermometer on knowledge regarding scalding, temperature testing, and thermostat lowering was assessed. Approximately 80% of each group read the pamphlet. Reading the pamphlet was associated with greater temperature testing in the thermometer (T) group but not in the pamphlet only (P) group. Temperatures were checked by 46.4% of the T group but by only 23.0% of the P group (P less than .001). In the households in which the reported water temperature exceeded 54.4 degrees C (130 degrees F) and the water heater was accessible, 77.3% reported lowering the setting, independent of receiving the thermometer. The reliability of self-reported water temperature was assessed after 1 year by home visits. The use of relevant facilitating devices, such as a liquid-crystal thermometer, in-office anticipatory guidance efforts may increase behavioral compliance.
Accidents, Home↗
Prenatal literature testing: a pilot project.
A pilot study was conducted in 1987-1988 to evaluate current health literature utilized for prenatal health education of the high risk population in County Health Departments in Arizona. Towards that end, sixty-five distinct pamphlets were obtained from Arizona's County Health Departments and assessed for reading level using the SMOG Readability Formula. The majority of the prenatal literature were found to be 10th to 12th grade reading level, higher than the typical reading level of the high risk prenatal population. A modified literature testing instrument was further utilized to test eight general prenatal pamphlets to assess the printed literature for accuracy, usability, believability, appeal, and cultural relevance. Four pamphlets of those tested, two English and two Spanish, were identified as being the most appropriate for the high risk prenatal population.
Arizona↗
The effect of a self-care minimal intervention for colds and flu on the use of medical services.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of mailed distribution of a brief self-care pamphlet on upper respiratory infection (URI)-related-medical care utilization. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial with randomization by physician panel. SETTING: Health maintenance organization. PATIENTS: 20,127 patients assigned to the panels of 22 primary care physicians randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 12,353) and a control group (n = 7,774), each consisting of 11 physician panels. INTERVENTION: A mailed four-page self-care pamphlet for URI care. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The medical records and survey data of a random sample of 790 persons were studied during a baseline period and an intervention period. URI visit rates decreased 14% more in the experimental group versus the control group (p = 0.878). Appropriateness of URI visits during the intervention period in the experimental group (80%) was comparable to that in the control group (76%). URI drug prescriptions during the intervention period for all 20,127 patients showed no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: A simple mailed self-care pamphlet has little effect on medical care utilization for URI care.
Adult↗
Improving follow-up after an abnormal Pap smear: a randomized controlled trial.
Less than 60% of women diagnosed with cervical abnormalities on Pap smears return for proper surveillance and timely treatment. Previous tactics used to motivate these women to return have mainly relied on costly intensive recall efforts. Using a framework based on psychological value expectancy theory, a pamphlet was designed to motivate women with abnormal Pap smears to return for a repeat Pap smear. The effect of this pamphlet was tested in a randomized controlled trial. A total of 161 women with abnormal Pap smears were randomized and received either the pamphlet plus a notification letter or the letter only. The compliance rate was 64.2% in the intervention group and 51.3% in the comparison group (P = 0.10; two-tailed). In addition, subgroups of women who do not practice health-related behaviors were identified as groups where more intensive interventions may be needed. These results have implications for future strategies used to recall women with abnormal Pap smears.
Adult↗
Child automobile restraints: evaluation of health education.
An experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of three modalities of instruction in pediatricians' offices. Parents in the experimental and control groups were asked if their children wore a car seat restraint on the way to the office. The parents in the experimental group were encouraged to have their children use restraints via one of the following methods: a pamphlet alone; a pamphlet and verbal instruction by the pediatrician; or a pamphlet, verbal instruction, and a brief slide-tape show. The parents were contacted by telephone, mail, or in person two weeks later and asked if their child used a restraint on their last car trip. There were no statistically significant changes in behavior in any of the gourps. Although the group that received all forms of instruction had the highest mean score, the greatest increase occurred with the control group.
Adolescent↗
Readability of the public education literature on cancer prevention and detection.
This paper presents an analysis of the readability level of the educational literature on cancer prevention and early detection. Cancer education brochures and pamphlets were obtained from the American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute, private companies, public nonprofit agencies, and state health departments. A total of 183 brochures and pamphlets were examined and reading level (SMOG) scores were computed for 159 of them. The average reading level of the printed cancer education materials was found to be between 10th and 11th grade, with little overall variation by publishing agency, topic, cancer site, focus, or target population. In general, the results suggest that much of the cancer education literature may be of limited value in providing information to the low-income, low-education population.
Female↗
Multiple sclerosis: will it come between us? Sexual concerns of clients and their partners.
Multiple sclerosis (MS), an unpredictable neurologic disease, is sometimes called the crippler of young adults. This crippling effect often involves sexual functioning. Sexuality is an issue that is frequently difficult for clients, their partners and health care providers to discuss. To address this difficulty, a teaching pamphlet entitled, MS ... Will it Come Between Us? was produced. Open communication and creativity are helpful in dealing with problems frequently encountered by clients with MS: fatigue, impotence, decreased vaginal lubrication, bladder and bowel dysfunction. The pamphlet helps clients with these issues as well as the basics of sexuality as a whole.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
The believability of the media as sources of information on drugs.
Based on an analysis of data gathered by a school drug survey given to junior and senior high school students in a middle-class community in the spring 1974, important differences were found to exist in the believability of various sources of drug information. Overall, comparisons indicate that friend, expert (e.g., doctor, staff member of a drug program), and ex-user drug information sources are perceived to be more credible than pamphlets, newspapers/magazines, radio, and television. Among the media, pamphlets were felt to be most believable. Examination of the believability in the media as sources of drug information by youngsters with varying substance use behavior found that the more students are involved with substances, the less credible they percieve the media to be.
Adolescent↗
[Guidance to parent of black babies with a cleft lip and palate].
There are indications that the parents of babies with a cleft lip and palate often require more information regarding their baby's birth defect than what is given to them. In South Africa shortcomings exist in the literature covering the specific requirements of parents of black cleft lip and palate babies. In this study the unique requirements of parents of black cleft lip and palate babies was determined and, based on these results, an information pamphlet was prepared for this population group. Based on the results obtained with the help of fifteen participants it was established, firstly, that the needs of black South-African parents of children with a cleft lip and palate are similar to the needs of parents of babies with the same birth defect world-wide. Secondly, it was established that the information pamphlet which was compiled as part of the study made a positive contribution to parent guidance conducted with the participants. Important therapeutic implications were also reflected by the results.
Black or African American↗
"Understanding AIDS"--the national AIDS mailer.
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) of the Public Health Service made public health history in 1988 by mailing the pamphlet, "Understanding AIDS," to every household in the United States. Approximately 126 million copies were distributed, reaching at least 60 percent of the population according to several national polls. The pamphlet was produced and mailed at a cost of about 20 cents per copy. The impact of "Understanding AIDS" by itself on AIDS-related behavior was not fully assessed. Extensive message pretesting and other commercial marketing techniques to improve the effectiveness of the brochure, however, helped "Understanding AIDS" achieve an increase in awareness and concern about AIDS. A number of lessons were learned during the process. They included the importance in such an enterprise of setting a deadline, doing formative research, receiving active support from senior management, achieving a consensus on scientific knowledge, using communications experts, centralizing the final decision-making function, maximizing publicity surrounding the mailing, building a base of support among constituency groups, planning distribution logistics from the very start, and designing evaluation into the process from the beginning.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Is patient education using audiovisual methods helpful?].
In a prospective randomized study we compared the effectiveness of preparatory information with and without a video film show about a planned heart catheterization. 65 patients were included, 5 were later excluded for medical reasons. One group (n = 34) received preparatory disclosure from a standard pamphlet and a personal interview; the other group additionally watched a 14 min video (n = 26). Only the latter group had a significant reduction of anxiety scores. Patients said they received better information from the film than from the pamphlet. Duration of the personal interview did not differ. Viewing the video may improve patient compliance.
Adult↗
Spice of life: a strategy to enhance dietary compliance.
A creative teaching strategy was implemented to stimulate patients' motivation to incorporate learned dietary concepts into their daily life-style. Thirty-five hemodialysis patients were given a pamphlet that described herbs and spices to enhance the flavor of specific foods and 25 sample seasoning packets for their experimentation. Most stated that the pamphlet was helpful (82.9%) and use of the spices made the diet palatable 75% or more of the time (93.4%).
Condiments↗
[The ventilator].
An information pamphlet that answers common questions about clinical ventilation has helped to alleviate the anxiety felt by relatives of ventilated patients. Since its publication in the Canadian Critical Care Nursing Journal last summer, the pamphlet has been translated by the Ottawa Civic Hospital for the benefit of francophone readers.
Anxiety↗