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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Glucocorticoid inhibition of stress-induced changes in hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing factor messenger RNA and proenkephalin A messenger RNA.

We have examined the effects of localised administration of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone on basal and stress-induced levels of mRNA for both corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) and proenkephalin A, in parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Unilateral implants of cholesterol directly over the PVN had no effect on either basal or stress-induced increase of CRF and proenkephalin A message. However, unilateral implants of dexamethasone significantly decreased basal CRF mRNA compared to the contralateral, unimplanted side and prevented the increase in CRF and proenkephalin A mRNA 4 hours after ip hypertonic saline stress. These findings confirm the PVN as a site for glucocorticoid feedback. Furthermore the data demonstrates a steroid-sensitive stress mediated increase in proenkephalin A mRNA which provides additional evidence for a role of the endogenous opiates in the hypothalamic neuroendocrine response to stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Translation of chick calvarial procollagen messenger RNA'S by a messenger RNA dependent reticulocyte lysate.

A method was developed for the extraction of RNA from chick embryo calvaria which should be generally applicable to other connective tissues. Total RNA prepared by this method was translated by a mRNA-dependent reticulocyte lysate into discrete pro alpha chains. Several criteria were used to identify these translation products, including (1) preferential labeling with [3H]proline, (2) appropriate migration on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, (3) selective sensitivity to collagenase digestion, and (4) specific precipitability by two different antisera against procollagen. Data from the immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that the majority of the pro alpha chains contained the carboxy-terminal antigenic determinants. These results demonstrate that this translation system can be used as an assay for intact procollagen mRNAs and as a source of in vitro synthesized pro alpha chains for future structural analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Na,K-ATPase: increases in alpha1-messenger RNA and decreases in alpha3-messenger RNA levels in aging rat cerebral cortex.

Age-related changes in the expression of Na,K-ATPase catalytic (alpha) subunit isoform messenger RNAs were investigated by in situ hybridization in frontal-parietal cortex of Fischer-344 male rats. It was found that the density of alpha1-messenger RNA, present in glia and some neurons, increases dramatically in the neuropil of cortex and in the corpus callosum of the aged (24 months) as compared to young (three months) rats. In contrast, levels of alpha3-messenger RNA, which is neuron-specific, decrease dramatically over the neurons of layers III and V and retrosplenial cortex in the aged as compared to the young animals, despite no changes in cellular density. The declines in the levels of neuron-specific alpha3-messenger RNA may constitute a very early change in age-related differentiation of brain. These changes in Na,K-ATPase isoform expression may represent a candidate for an age-related factor predisposing to or potentiating certain neurodegenerative diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Escherichia coli K12 mutant with increased RNA content and messenger RNA stability].

A strain of Escherichia coli has been isolated from a E. coli HfrH after a treatment with nitrosoguanidine for a partial resistance to thymineless death. This strain shows, in addition, a global increase of the RNA content amounting to 50 per cent. The half-life of the unstable RNA as well as of the messenger RNA of the beta-galactosidase is increased to a considerable degree. The RNA polymerase of this strain is modified with respect to its resistance to rifampicin and its transcription efficiency in vitro of various DNA templates. Our working hypothesis is that the primary alteration of this strain lies at the RNA polymerase level with a consequent increase of the synthetic rate of the ribosomal RNA. The increase of the messenger RNA half-life may be an indirect consequence of this event via a saturation of the RNAase by the excess of ribosomal RNAs not associated to their proteins.

DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases↗
PubMed1999

Regional distribution of presenilin-1 messenger RNA in the embryonic rat brain: comparison with beta-amyloid precursor protein messenger RNA localization.

The messenger RNA expression of presenilin-1, an important gene responsible for early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease, was investigated in the embryonic rat brain with in situ hybridization histochemistry using an oligonucleotide probe specific to the messenger RNA. It was also compared with that of beta-amyloid precursor protein messenger RNA. Presenilin-1 and beta-amyloid precursor protein messenger RNA were abundantly expressed throughout the central nervous system in the embryonic day 13, 17 and 20 rat brain. Presenilin-1 messenger RNA was strongly expressed in both neuroepithelium and differentiating fields. In contrast, beta-amyloid precursor protein messenger RNA was preferentially expressed in differentiating fields, while low expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein messenger RNA was seen in neuroepithelium. Although the expression patterns of these two messenger RNAs were basically similar, there seemed to be a tendency that presenilin-1 messenger RNA was preferentially expressed in immature neurons, while beta-amyloid precursor protein messenger RNA was preferentially expressed in mature neurons, suggesting that presenilin-1 is expressed earlier than beta-amyloid precursor protein and that presenilin-1 is involved in beta-amyloid precursor protein processing. These data raise the possibility that presenilin-1 and beta-amyloid precursor protein co-operatively play pivotal roles in rat neurogenesis.

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor↗
PubMed1981

Similar sets of terminal oligonucleotides from reovirus double-stranded RNA and viral messenger RNA synthesized in vitro.

Reovirus genomic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and viral messenger RNA synthesized in vitro were labeled by periodate oxidation and [3H]borohydride reduction. The 3H label was incorporated into 3'-terminal C residues and 5'-terminal N7-methylguanosine residues. Analysis of ribonuclease digests of the 3H-labeled RNA indicated that the minus strands of dsRNA contained the common 3'-terminal sequence ... PypPupGpC and that the plus strands contained heterogeneous sequence at both the 5' termini and 3'termini that corresponded to sequences at the 5' termini and 3' termini of mRNA. These results suggest that the plus strands of dsRNA and mRNA synthesized in vitro are essentially identical sets of molecules.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Interactions of small nuclear RNA's with precursor messenger RNA during in vitro splicing.

Precursor messenger RNA splicing requires multiple factors including U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNA's. The crosslinking reagent psoralen was used to analyze the interactions of these RNA's with an adenovirus precursor messenger RNA in HeLa nuclear extract. An endogenous U2-U4-U6 crosslinkable complex dissociated upon incubation with precursor messenger RNA. During splicing, U1, U2, U5, and U6 became crosslinked to precursor messenger RNA and U2, U5, and U6 became crosslinked to excised lariat intron. U2 also formed a doubly crosslinked complex with U6 and precursor messenger RNA. The U1, U5, and U6 crosslinks to the precursor messenger RNA mapped to intron sequences near the 5' splice site, whereas the U2 crosslink mapped to the branch site. The kinetics of crosslink formation and disappearance delineates a temporal pathway for the action of small RNA's in the spliceosome. Potential base pairing interactions between conserved sequences in the small nuclear RNA's and precursor messenger RNA at the sites of crosslinking suggest that the 5' splice site is defined in several steps prior to the first cleavage event.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed2004

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA, but not guanylate cyclase messenger RNA, depends on gestational age in rat myometrium.

We studied the expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) mRNAs in pregnant rat myometrium. Expression of iNOS and sGC alpha1, beta1 and beta2 mRNA was analyzed in non-pregnant and pregnant (days 10, 14, 17 and 21) Wistar rats by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Expression of iNOS mRNA increased during pregnancy but decreased on day 21 of gestation. Expression of GC alpha1 mRNA was greater than GC beta1 mRNA at all time points. Expression of uterine GC alpha1 and GC beta1 mRNA did not change significantly during pregnancy and did not differ significantly from non-pregnant levels. The values of sGC beta2 mRNA were below the limit of detection. In conclusion, the expression of iNOS mRNA increased during pregnancy in the myometrium and decreased at term, while the expression of sGC mRNA was not affected by pregnancy. Thus, it is the changes in NO production, rather than changes in its target, that are responsible for uterine quiescence during pregnancy and initiation of labor.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Polysomal polyadenylated RNA and albumin messenger RNA in Mastomys liver and in a chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma.

A hepatocellular carcinoma line (H78) was established from a primary liver tumor induced in Mastomys natalensis by a single administration of dimethylnitrosamine. Six to 8 months after transplantation (passages 5 to 7), well-differentiated tumors, still containing glucogen-storing cells, were isolated and used for the preparation of RNA. Polysomal polyadenylated RNAs from Mastomys liver and from H78 tumor line were then compared by hybridization kinetics. Total kinetic complexities were 6.6 X 10(9) and 6.3 X 10(9) daltons for liver and tumor, respectively. Complexities of the high and middle abundant class were reduced in the hepatoma. Heterologous hybridization reactions revealed that, in terms of RNA mass, all or most of the polysomal polyadenylated RNA present in the liver was also present in the tumor and vice versa. However, shifts in the relative abundance of messenger RNA sequences were detected. In contrast to most other transplanted hepatomas, H78 has approximately the same content of albumin messenger RNA on its polysomes as has untreated liver.

Albumins↗
PubMed2000

Co-stimulation of D(1)/D(5) and D(2) dopamine receptors leads to an increase in c-fos messenger RNA in cholinergic interneurons and a redistribution of c-fos messenger RNA in striatal projection neurons.

The anatomical subdivision of striatum in patch and matrix compartments plays an important role for the processing of neurotransmission through the basal ganglia in primates and rodents. Here we report that co-administration of D(1)/D(5) and D(2) receptor agonists, which induces a heterogenous and patchy pattern of c-fos messenger RNA expression in striatum, stimulates c-fos messenger RNA expression in cholinergic interneurons. Moreover, this treatment induces c-fos messenger RNA in projection neurons containing D(1)-, rather than D(2)-receptor messenger RNA. The preferential induction of c-fos messenger RNA in patches does not depend upon a higher degree of co-localization between D(1) and D(2) receptors in this area, since double in situ hybridization experiments showed a large segregation of D(1) and D(2) receptor messenger RNAs in the patch as well as the matrix compartments. By contrast, treatment with a full D(1)/D(5) receptor agonist up-regulates striatal c-fos messenger RNA homogenously and in similar proportions of D(1) and D(2) receptor messenger RNA-containing projection neurons in both medial and lateral striatum, but has only minor effects on c-fos messenger RNA expression in cholinergic interneurons. These results provide a neuroanatomical/neurochemical correlate to the well-known behavioral interaction between dopamine D(1)/D(5) agonists and dopamine D(2) agonists. They also suggest that there may be a relation between a heterogenous, patch-enriched c-fos messenger RNA expression and an increased expression of this immediate early gene in cholinergic interneurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Poly (A)-rich ribonucleoprotein complexes from HeLa cell messenger RNA.

Polyribosomal messenger RNA from HeLa cells contain 3'-OH-terminal polyadenylate sequences approximately 133 nucleotides in length (weight average). When analyzed at the ribonucleoprotein level of organization these poly(A)-rich sequences are found to contain tightly bound proteins. These proteins remain associated with the poly(A)-rich RNA during affinity chromatography of RNase A and T1-digested polyribosomes on poly(U)-Sepharose in 0.5 M NaCl, and co-elute from the column with the RNA at 50% formamide. Controls establish that the co-purification of the proteins with poly(A) on poly(U)-Sepharose requires the molecular integrity of the poly(A). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolves the poly(A)-specific proteins into two components of 74,000 and 62,000 molecular weight. The larger protein is the same size as that previously reported to be associated with poly(A)-rich sequences in HeLa heterogeneous nuclear RNA (Kish, V.M., and Pederson, T. (1975), J. Mol. Biol. 95, 227-238). It is concluded that both HeLa nuclear and polyribosomal poly(A) sequences have a protein (62,000 molecular weight) associated with poly(A) appears to be confined only to messenger RNA.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1989

Angiotensin 'antipeptides': (-)messenger RNA complementary to human angiotensin II (+)messenger RNA encodes an angiotensin receptor antagonist.

(-)mRNA complementary to human angiotensin II (+)mRNA encodes the 'antipeptide' Glu-Gly-Val-Tyr-Val-His-Pro-Val which is structurally related to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II 'antipeptide' (antiANG II) and the desglutamyl heptapeptide (antiANG III) are Type I antagonists which inhibit the contractile action of angiotensin at smooth muscle receptors by binding to a negative modulatory site on the angiotensin receptor which is distinct from the angiotensin binding site. These findings may illustrate that the inhibitory binding site on the angiotensin receptor exists to accomodate a naturally occurring inhibitor(s), which is encoded by the DNA strand complementary to that encoding angiotensin II.

Amino Acid Sequence↗