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PubMedDate not supplied

[An error too widely spread among the public, even among medical personnel: the risk of hypercoagulation caused by sclerosing solutions].

In Raynaud's syndrome surgery may have a place at the costo-clavicular level, in the thoracic sympathetic chain, in the carpal tunnel, and in necrotic lesions of the fingers. In the majority of cases sympathetic denervation of the forearm is required. Some typical cases are briefly presented. In 16 operations the author achieved a favourable result in 13 cases, with failures.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1989

[Testicular hydrocele: therapy with sclerosing solutions].

Twelve adult patients with acquired hydrocele of the testis were submitted to treatment with aspiration and injection of an acrine derivative (quinacrine) guided by ultrasonography. A 12 month follow up of all patients showed good results were achieved by sclerotherapy with quinacrine.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of hemorrhoids with sclerosing solutions].

From 1968, the authors treated under ambulatory-polyclinical conditions 10,000 patients with hemorrhoids by means of injections of novocaine++-alcoholic mixtures. In 93.3% of the patients after injections, the hemorrhage stopped, in 83.8%--hemorrhoidal nodes didn't prolapse, in 95.6%--inflammation was liquidated. At the long-term period, the positive effect was noted in 8664 (92.2%) patients.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1995

Chemical sclerosing cholangitis after injection of scolicidal solution.

Sclerosing cholangitis may be due to developmental immunological, infective, vascular or chemical factors (1). Hydatid cysts of the liver may communicate with the biliary tree. This is the reason why intracystic injection of scolicidal solution before surgery may cause spreading of the solution into the bile ducts. This complication has already been described in literature (2,3). We present a new well-documented case of sclerosing cholangitis after the injection of formaldehyde into a hydatid cyst of the liver to kill it, and give some suggestions how to avoid this complication.

Cholangitis, Sclerosing↗
PubMed2005

Stability of foam in sclerotherapy: differences between sodium tetradecyl sulfate and polidocanol and the type of connector used in the double-syringe system technique.

BACKGROUND: Foam sclerotherapy is an increasingly popular modality in the treatment of varicose veins. Worldwide, the most popular agents used are sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) and polidocanol (POL). The double-syringe system technique to make foam out of a sclerosing solution and air has received wide attention for its ease and reproducibility. This study examined the possibility that the relative silicone content of various disposable connectors may affect overall foam stability. We also evaluated the differences in the stability of foam between STS and POL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the first part of the study, one nondisposable stainless steel connector and five disposable plastic connectors were used to create foam from STS 0.50% and air. The procedure was then repeated to produce foam from POL 0.50% and air from each of the six different connector types. As a measure of foam stability, once foam was created with each type of connector, the time required for half of the original volume of sclerosing solution to settle was recorded. In the second part of the study, foam was created with a nondisposable stainless steel connector only and various concentrations of STS and POL. Foam stability was then measured for these different concentrations of sclerosants. RESULTS: The time for sclerosing solution to settle to half of its initial volume was found to vary according to the specific sclerosant and concentration used, with no statistically significant variation based on connector type. CONCLUSIONS: The type of connector used in the double-syringe system technique to produce foam for sclerotherapy is not a factor in foam stability. Sclerosing solutions differ in their foaming stability.

Dosage Forms↗
PubMed1993

A microbiologic study of diluted sclerotherapy solutions.

BACKGROUND: As sclerotherapy has become more of an exact science it has become appropriate to dilute various sclerosing solutions to produce the least concentration of sclerosant producing effective endosclerosis of a given vessel diameter--the minimal sclerosant concentration. OBJECTIVE: In this setting it has become necessary to take into account various microbiologic considerations. Contamination of infusates is the most common cause of epidemic device-related bloodstream infections. With these considerations in mind, the following study was undertaken to determine the bacterial and fungal content of varied concentrations of four commonly employed sclerotherapy agents. METHODS: Dilutions were made of hypertonic saline 23.4% to 11.7% with both bacteriostatic water and 0.9% normal saline, Polidocanol 0.5% to 0.25% with bacteriostatic water, sodium tetradecyl sulfate 1.0% to 0.5% with bacteriostatic water, and polyiodide iodide 2% to 1% with bacteriostatic water under sterile conditions. Each sclerosant was analyzed for bacterial, fungal, and spore content at determined time intervals with standardized utilization indices for up to 3 months. RESULTS: At each sclerosant concentration for sodium chloride, polidocanol, sodium tetradechol sulfate, and polyiodide iodide at each study design time interval for sampling all bacterial and fungal cultures remained sterile. CONCLUSIONS: With appropriate aseptic techniques we may dilute sclerosing solutions to desired concentrations that will remain sterile for a period of at least 3 months under daily usage conditions.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1995

Sclerotherapy for venous malformations.

Of the congenital vascular abnormalities, venous malformations receive little attention and essentially no discussion of treatment. The author describes a 30-year experience with sclerotherapy, which was used for 34 venous malformations. In some cases, these lesions are localized and can be excised, but all the patients in this series had such extensive involvement of adjacent organ systems that no other treatment than sclerotherapy was tenable. Five patients had Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome, five had head and neck involvement, two had involvement of the entire left side and the remainder had other areas affected. Sodium morrhuate, ethanolamine, sotradecol, and absolute ethyl alcohol were the sclerosing agents used. A butterfly needle was inserted into an anomalous vein, and a three-way stopcock connected to saline and the sclerosing solution was used to ensure intraluminal injection. When rapid runoff into normal venous tributaries could be a concern, a venogram on the operating table preceded injection of the sclerosing solution. Small lesions required only one treatment; widespread bulky lesions required more than 30 injections. The volume of sclerosing solution varied from 5 to 90 mL per injection course. Because of pain, general anesthesia and an overnight hospital stay were necessary. Patients with pharyngeal and/or laryngeal involvement required preliminary tracheostomy or endotracheal ventilatory support for 3 days. Complications included skin necrosis, transient nerve palsy, hemoglobinuria, and one case of anaphylaxis. Repeated aggressive treatment was required for the very large malformations because recanalization occurred. All the patients have been very satisfied with the results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Sclerosis and the Nd:YAG, Q-switched laser with multiple frequency for treatment of telangiectases, reticular veins, and residual pigmentation.

BACKGROUND: The combination of low concentrations of sclerosing solution and the Nd:YAG, Q-switched laser with multiple (quadruple) frequency provides good results in the treatment of telangiectases and reticular varicose veins of the lower extremities, as well as pigmentation that may appear during sclerotherapy. OBJECTIVE: This paper is based on a series of patients with telangiectases and reticular veins who were treated with sclerotherapy and the Nd:YAG, Q-switched laser with quadruple frequency. METHODS: Patients with telangiectases and reticular veins received two or three treatment sessions with polydocanol and the Nd:YAG, Q-switched laser with quadruple frequency. Then, they were assessed a clinical score corresponding to the level of improvement achieved. Residual hematic pigmentation lesions were also eliminated with the laser. RESULTS: Excellent improvement was evident in 90% of the patients with minimal residual lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The combined technique of sclerosing solution and the Nd:YAG laser with multiple frequency is a valid alternative for the elimination of telangiectases and reticular veins of the lower limbs. This technique has several advantages, such as the use of low concentrations of sclerosing solution, high patient acceptance levels due to minimal disturbances, and the fact that local anesthesia is unnecessary. Good results are obtained without complications and minimal residual pigmentation. These mild pigmentation can be treated with the Nd:YAG laser.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Embolization of drainage veins used in sclerotherapy of hemangiomas].

To improve the result of sclerotherapy for hemangiomas, the drainage veins of hemangiomas were embolized by injecting 95% alcohol into the hemangioma cavities. Alcohol injected into the cavity had to drain away through the vein of hemangioma and result in damage of the endothelial cells, and thrombosis on the venous wall, then the drainage vein is embolized. With the result of embolization of the drainage vein, the sclerosant solution injected into the hemangioma cavity cannot flow off any more. The sclerosant solution got much time to bring drug action into play, so the curative effect was raised. 30 patients including 24 cavernous hemangiomas and 6 mixed hemangiomas were treated with this method. 15 cases were cured, 11 cases were effective and 4 cases were ineffective. The effective rate was 86.7%.

Adolescent↗