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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

The use of scintigraphy to demonstrate the rapid esophageal transit of the oval film-coated placebo risedronate tablet compared to a round uncoated placebo tablet when administered with minimal volumes of water.

As our population ages, and the consumption of pharmaceutical products rises, the incidence of solid oral dosage forms lodging in the esophagus is likely to increase and may be formulation dependent. The aim of this study was to compare the esophageal transit of the commercial film-coated risedronate tablet and a round uncoated tablet resembling the alendronate 10 mg tablet which is reported to cause esophagitis if ingested with little to no water. Water volumes of 30 ml and 50 ml were selected as these volumes can detect formulations prone to esophageal adhesion and a habits and practice study showed that these volumes are within the range preferred by women (7-385 ml). A total of 28 healthy postmenopausal women completed the four-way crossover scintigraphy study. For both volumes of water, the film-coated placebo risedronate tablet had a statistically significant faster esophageal transit time than the uncoated placebo tablet (P=0.002 for 30 ml water and P<0.001 for 50 ml water). Among those taking the round, flat, uncoated tablet, five subjects had esophageal stasis (transit >20 s) and in three subjects the tablet remained in the esophagus at the end of the 10-min imaging period. No stasis was observed for the oval film-coated placebo risedronate tablet. This study demonstrates that tablet size, shape and coating are pharmaceutical parameters which can be controlled to minimize esophageal contact of a dosage form with esophageal tissue.

Calcium Channel Blockers↗

PubMed2000

Three-dimensional modeling to determine properties of tableting materials on rotary machines using a rotary tableting machine simulator.

A new three-dimensional modeling technique of tableting data has been used for data measured with a rotary tableting machine simulator. The use of the tableting machine simulator is helpful in this case because a scale up or a change of equipment is easily possible. The model substances used were hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC 15.000), microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (Emcompress) and theophylline monohydrate, four very differently deforming substances. Tablets were produced by simulating a Manesty Betapress with 100 rev./min. The materials were tableted to five graded maximum relative densities (rho(rel, max)) of 0.75, 0.80, 0.85, 0.90 and 0.95. A twisted plane was fitted to the measured data and three parameters: d, the time-plasticity: e, the pressure plasticity and omega, the elastic decompression, resulted for each material at the given rho(rel, max) according to the three-dimensional tableting technique. The results show different parameter-plots for the tableting materials, allowing to differentiate between the tableting characteristics of various substances. Three-dimensional modeling of data from rotary machines is shown to be a valuable tool not only for material characterization on eccentric machines but on rotary tableting machines as well.

Tablets↗

PubMed2005

Fluoride tablet programs in healthy elderly subjects: distribution of fluoride in saliva and plaque with tablets in different sites.

Based on root caries data and oral sugar clearance pattern, vestibular surfaces of upper incisors and lower molars may be regarded as risk areas along with the proximal surfaces. The aim of the present study was to use this information in improving fluoride tablet programs for the elderly. Six healthy elderly males with full dental arches took part. Flavored and unflavored tablets dissolved passively either under the tongue or in the vestibule close to the root caries risk areas. Salivary fluoride was determined at five to six intra-oral sites with a micro-sampling technique at intervals up to 10 min tablet use. Plaque samples were collected from single tooth surfaces before and after tablet use, and analyzed for total fluoride and total protein by micro-techniques. Salivary fluoride exposure to root caries risk areas was strongly increased when fluoride tablets were placed in the vestibule in these areas. The unflavored tablet gave higher fluoride retention in saliva than did the flavored brand. Plaque fluoride levels tended to be above baseline in the first couple of hours after tablet use, and then to decline. In the caries risk areas, at vestibular surfaces of lower posterior and upper incisor teeth, most of the fluoride taken up in plaque had been lost after 5 h and a bread meal, whereas in the non-risk areas it was largely retained. The study demonstrated that fluoride exposures to the vestibular caries risk areas can be strongly increased by placing fluoride tablets close to them. An unflavored tablet seemed to give higher exposures than a flavored one. The rapid loss of fluoride from plaque in slow clearance risk areas indicates that more than one daily treatment would be required for elderly caries risk subjects.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2005

Development of fast disintegrating compressed tablets using amino acid as disintegration accelerator: evaluation of wetting and disintegration of tablet on the basis of surface free energy.

A fast disintegrating compressed tablet was formulated using amino acids, such as L-lysine HCl, L-alanine, glycine and L-tyrosine as disintegration accelerator. The tablets having the hardness of about 4 kgf were prepared and the effect of amino acids on the wetting time and disintegration time in the oral cavity of tablets was examined on the basis of surface free energy of amino acids. The wetting time of the tablets increased in the order of L-lysine HCl, L-alanine, glycine and L-tyrosine, whereas the disintegration time in the oral cavity of the tablets increased in the order of L-alanine, glycine, L-lysine HCl and L-tyrosine. These behaviors were well analyzed by the introduction of surface free energy. When the polar component of amino acid was large value or the dispersion component was small value, faster wetting of tablet was observed. When the dispersion component of amino acid was large value or the dispersion component was small value, faster disintegration of tablet was observed, expect of L-tyrosine tablet. The fast disintegration of tablets was explained by the theory presented by Matsumaru.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bioavailability of a crushed pantoprazole tablet after buffering with sodium hydrogencarbonate or magaldrate relative to the intact enteric coated pantoprazole tablet.

The aim of this study was to determine the bioavailability of orally administered, crushed pantoprazole tablets after buffering with either 1.4% sodium hydrogencarbonate or 1600 mg magaldrate relative to the intact enteric coated pantoprazole tablet. A single dose, three-period crossover study was performed with 18 healthy male volunteers. The crushed pantoprazole suspension, together with either sodium hydrogencarbonate or magaldrate, was administered via a nasogastral tube. Tmax of crushed pantoprazole was earlier as compared to the intact tablet (0.5 h vs. 3 h) and Cmax was approximately 10% higher due to faster absorption. The bioavailability of the crushed pantoprazole tablet relative to the intact pantoprazole tablet was 93% when using sodium hydrogencarbonate as the buffering agent, and 88% when using magaldrate. Based on the internationally approved confidence intervals for AUC (0.80-1.20) and Cmax (0.70-1.43), the crushed tablet buffered with sodium hydrogencarbonate was shown to be bioequivalent with the intact tablet (point estimates for AUC or Cmax: 0.93 or 1.10). For the crushed tablet buffered with magaldrate (point estimates for AUC or Cmax: 0.88 or 1.12) bioequivalence with the intact tablet could not be formally demonstrated, although the lower confidence limit for AUC of 0.78 was only slightly below the lower limit of the equivalence range of 0.80.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗

PubMed1986

An international multi-clinic study comparing the therapeutic efficacy of colloidal bismuth subcitrate coated tablets with chewing tablets in the treatment of duodenal ulceration.

The results of a randomized, single-blind, multi-clinic study comparing the therapeutic efficacy and degree of oral staining of new colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) coated tablets over 4 weeks of treatment in patients suffering from duodenal ulceration are reported. The data were collected from 9 clinics in the Netherlands, Belgium, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and Italy. The results from 94 patients treated with CBS coated tablets and 95 patients treated with CBS chewing tablets were statistically evaluated. Healing rates after 4 weeks of therapy appeared to be 76% for CBS coated tablets and 72% for CBS chewing tablets, so no statistically significant difference in therapeutic efficacy was seen. A highly significant degree of discolouration of all parts of the oral cavity was observed in patients treated with CBS chewing tablets, whereas only a few patients treated with CBS coated tablets experienced a slight staining of the tongue. Blood bismuth concentrations during the study had a range of less than or equal to 3 to 33 micrograms/l. The new CBS coated tablet form has an excellent patient compliance as compared to the chewing tablets.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1968