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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Time perception and stimulus preference as a function of stimulus complexity.

The present research joins previous efforts to define more clearly the phenomenon of perceived time as an important social-psychological dimension. In this study, time was considered a socially existential variable that can most meaningfully be measured by comparing two or more subjectively experienced durations, each with the other(s). Combining this view of time judgment with the adaptation level/optimal arousal principle, two hypotheses were tested: (a) that test stimuli differing in degree of complexity elicit from the individual differential degrees of affect, and (b) that intervals during which the individual is exposed to either overly simple or overly complex stimuli are judged as comparatively longer than objectively equal durations filled with moderately complex stimuli. Both hypotheses were affirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

["Spute dich, Kronos, fort den rasselnden Trott..." Reflections on time perception in the psychoanalytic process and at the end of life].

Referring to Goethe's Poem "An Schwager Kronos", the author tries to establish a relationship between the experience of time as lived through in the course of the psychoanalytic process as well as of time as experienced under the impression of the possibly approaching end of one's life. Psychoanalytic theory, however, has only limited possibilities to grasp "time" in psycho-dynamic or psycho-symbolic terms. Nevertheless, the changes in the experience of time, which take place in the course of a lifetime, can often be worked through in a psychoanalytic process focussing on loss, "fear of breakdown" (Winnicott) and hope. This working through contributes to the internalisation of the holding environment, i.e. good inner "saving" objects provided by the therapist. Episodes from Mozart's "Last Year" are used as clinical illustrations.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1986

Need for cognition related to time perception.

Undergraduates who scored high on need for cognition tended to underestimate a 90-sec. filled interval and their number of correct single solution anagrams tended to correlate negatively with estimated time. Subjects high in need for cognition reported the task was easy but enjoyment and prior experience were similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sex differences in time perception.

In an experiment on discrimination of duration of auditory stimuli in the range of milliseconds 16 men and 16 women were tested. Men scored better than women in discrimination of duration as well as in required session time. These results were discussed in terms of the assumption of a neurotransmitter-related internal clock and with respect to sex differences in reaction time.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Time perception: effects of sex and sound intensity on scales of subjective duration.

Six women and six men reproduced ten time intervals varying in logarithmic steps between 1.3 and 20 s. The durations were indicated by white noise of 10, 25, 40 and 55 dB SL, different sound intensities in different sessions. It was found that (i) greater sound intensity entails shorter reproductions, and (ii) reproductions by male observers are shorter than those by female, although for both (i) and (ii) there is an interaction with the standard durations. The data were treated in accordance with the "parallel-clock model" (Eisler, 1975), whereby the parameters of the psychophysical power function are determined from duration reproduction data. As in previous experiments (Eisler, 1975), the data showed a break in the function entailing two segments. The effect of sound intensity could be attributed to the exponent, which was lower for stronger noise, and the effect of sex to the weight coefficient of the upper relative to the lower segment of the psychophysical function, the coefficient being lower for men.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ethnic differences in time perception: a comparison of Anglo and Mexican Americans.

Social scientists have presented an image of the Mexican American as locked into the present, incapable, or unwilling to project plans and events into the future. This is seen as responsible in part for the lack of social mobility and assimilation exhibited by Mexican Americans. However, there is little empirical support for the contention that Mexican Americans have a restricted sense of future events. The present study compared the temporal perspectives of 31 Mexican American and 41 Anglo American college students. No marked differences were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Time perception and hemodialysis.

Subtle alterations in neurological function are often difficult to identify and even harder to quantitate. The identification of a neurotoxic state existing before overt behavioral changes occur has eluded quantification. It was hypothesized that a challenging signal-detection procedure would be used to assess neurological function of dialysis patients and other subjects, the degree of uremic toxicity occuring during an interdialytic interval, and the effects of neuroactive drugs. A vigilance task demanding the detection of an irregularly flashing light from a matrix of regularly flashing lights was administered to 3 groups of 15 men: patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, patients with chronic illness and no kidney disease, and healthy subjects. The procedure was found to yield a reliable measure; average test-retest correlation was 0.93, which differentiated not only within the hemodialysis cycle (p less than 0.001), between groups (p less than 0.001), but was also related to the recency of neuroactive drugs ingested (p less than 0.01).

Arthritis↗
PubMed1986

Voice onset time perception in Japanese aphasic patients.

This study examines identification of the synthetic speech stimuli [ga] and [ka] of varying voice onset times (VOTs) in 17 Japanese aphasic subjects. Approximately two-thirds of the aphasic subjects showed deterioration in performance of VOT identification of the stimuli. A quantitative analysis of the results indicates that the problems of the majority of these subjects may be attributable not only to difficulty in labeling the stimuli but also to difficulty in processing the acoustic and/or phonetic information of the stimuli.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of observation time on the perception of details in x-ray pictures].

The authors studied the influence of perception time on the quantified image quality of radiographs, using as an experimental basis the target presentation time during which there was no active involvement of the observer. No change in the influence on the observer was seen down to an observation time of 1 sec.; there was a slight but practically negligible drop on further reduction to 0.5 sec. At 0.1 sec. there was a drop that would have been approximately compensated by a contrast enhancement of object detail to about twice the original value. The influence of the perception time was placed in relation to an example of the influence of structured noise on the detection performance. This influence proved to be significantly greater than that of time. A comparison of the concept of "conspicuity" as defined by Revesz and Kundel was set in relation to the term "Auffälligkeit" ("distinctiveness") coined by Stender. It was established that the quality reserve QR after Borcke corresponds to "Auffälligkeit" as defined by Stender and should best be separated from image quality changes dues to the influence of structured noise on the detection of radiological abnormalities.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

[Visual perception, reaction time and their alteration under the influence of alcohol in patients with remote sequelae of closed cranio-cerebral trauma].

In patients with remote sequalae of closed brain injuries the author examined the time of perception of letter stimula by the aid of a technique of reverse masking, the time of motor reactions to simple and letter stimula and changes of these temporary parameters under the influence of small doses of alcohol (60 ml 40 degrees alcohol). The time of perception and time of motor reactions to a simple stimula were practically identical to those in normals. The time of motor reactions to aletter stimula was higher than to a simple one and in patients significantly higher than in normals. Under the influence of alcohol the time of perception and motor reactions increase in conditions of letter distinguishing. These facts permit to consider that alcohol in such patients makes the processing of information in the CNS slower and most strongly influences the central cortical processes.

Adult↗