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PubMed1979

Assessment of tine tuberculin test.

Mantoux (10 tuberculin units) and tine tuberculin tests were performed in 190 subjects and the results recorded at 48, 72, and 96 hours. Altogether 1010 readings were recorded. Of these, 555 (55%) were Mantoux-test positive and 525 (52%) tine-test positive. While the tine test is marginally less sensitive, its advantages are simplicity and ease and speed of application. It thus provides a useful screening test for eliciting tuberculin sensitivity.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Tuberculin testing in hospital personnel.

Tuberculin testing of 176 personnel in a Liverpool hospital showed a total incidence of 68% negative reactors. This remarkably high percentage was similar for each of the various groups of workers tested. We did not find the Tine test to be a satisfactory method of screening for tuberculin sensitivity because 30% were doubtful reactors. In these, further tuberculin testing by the Mantoux reagent was always positive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Survey of tuberculin testing in Swedish zoos.

Tuberculin test results from 214 animals in three Swedish zoos, tested between the years 1993 and 2000, were compiled from a questionnaire sent out to zoo veterinarians. Comparative testing with bovine and avian tuberculin was used on various sites of injection. A total of five skin test reactors were found: three cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) in one zoo and two tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) in another zoo. Postmortem culture from one of the tapirs revealed growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and a stamping out policy was adopted in the herd. Tuberculosis in the primates was ruled out by further investigations. Zoo veterinarians should try to adopt a common scheme for the regular testing of zoo animals to improve the diagnostic ability and comparison of results between institutions.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Repeated tuberculin testing in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: The proportion of tuberculin reactors in a population and the intensity of tuberculin reactions have been shown to increase with increasing exposure to mycobacterial infection, eg, repeated BCG immunization. These observations suggested that tuberculin reactivity would become uniformly high in individuals with a high mycobacterial load who did not have a known cause of anergy. Since tuberculin reactivity has been measured to evaluate the possible genetic regulation of responses to mycobacteria in humans, it is important to study its behavior under conditions of ongoing, maximal exposure to mycobacteria. In the present study, we determined the mean size of tuberculin reactivity in BCG-immunized and unimmunized patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of recent onset, and the stability of tuberculin reactions during and after treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHOD: Serial tuberculin testing was performed on patients with newly diagnosed active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed over a period of 2 years at the National Institute for Respiratory Diseases in Santiago, Chile. The first tuberculin test was performed at the time of diagnosis in 58 patients. Repeated tuberculin testing was performed 2 weeks later in 15 patients with initial reaction sizes < 15 mm. Four additional tuberculin tests were performed, one each at 3-months intervals in 42 patients regardless of the size of the initial tuberculin reaction. RESULTS: Tuberculin reactions at entry had a unimodal distribution in patients both with and without BCG scars (14.8 +/- 5.0 mm and 16.5 +/- 5.2 mm, respectively). A second tuberculin test in patients with initial reaction sizes < 15 mm showed a moderate, statistically significant increase in the mean reaction size (PPD1: 10.1 +/- 3.2 mm; PPD2: 11.9 +/- 4.8 mm). Repeated tuberculin testing over 1 year revealed no significant changes in reaction size. The mean reaction sizes were 15.8 +/- 5.0 mm at entry, 15.5 +/- 5.4 mm at 3 months, 17.2 +/- 5.2 mm at 6 months, 17.0 +/- 5.1 mm at 9 months, and 16.7 +/- 54 mm at 12 months. The standard deviation of a random observation within patients was 5.3 mm. The largest variations due to increased reactivity after 6 months of treatment were observed in patients with reaction < 15 mm at entry compared with hyperergic patients, and in BCG-immunized patients compared to unimmunized patients. CONCLUSIONS: In the presence of an ongoing mycobacterial infection, patients without anergizing conditions express a tuberculin reactivity that is relatively constant during and after treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. The size and stability of the reactions seem to be determined by individual conditions that include the tuberculin reactivity at the time of diagnosis and the BCG immunization status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Tuberculin test: usefulness of an old technique].

Tuberculin test was first used as a diagnostic test of tuberculous infection during the first decades of this century. From the up to date, no other method has proven to be more efficient for this task. In the present work we try to explain what the test consists of, what is its use, how it is interpreted, and which are the indications for the Mantoux intradermal reaction. We emphasize the importance of performing this technique correctly so as to not invalidate the results of this test which is essential both from a individual as from an epidemiological point of view.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

The use of repeat skin tests to eliminate the booster phenomenon in serial tuberculin testing.

During the early years of our annual tuberculosis skin testing program for hospital employees, we experienced conversion rates that were inordinately high. In an effort to eliminate the booster phenomenon in serial tuberculin testing as a contributing factor, a program of repeat skin testing performed within 7 to 28 days in new employees with less than 10-mm induration on initial skin testing was begun in 1978. Employees demonstrating a 6-mm increase in reaction size to a total induration of 10 mm or greater on repeat testing were classified as boosters. The booster rate for 1978 was 8.3%, and elimination of these employees from subsequent annual testing resulted in a decrease in the conversion rate from 8.7% in 1978 to 2.9% in 1979 (p less than 0.01). The rate of conversion was age-dependent in 1978, but this effect was absent in 1979 when the boosters were eliminated. On the basis of the results for the first 2 yr of our program, we concluded that repeat tuberculin skin testing is a practical approach to reduce falsely elevated conversion rates and can potentially reduce the number of persons exposed to the risk of isoniazid toxicity.

Adult↗