PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Weight Reduction Programs”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Changes in body composition, physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors after a 3-week integrated body weight reduction program and after 1-y follow-up in severely obese men and women.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short- and medium-term (ie, at 1-y follow-up) effects of a hospital-based body weight reduction (BWR) program lasting 3 weeks in severely obese individuals. DESIGN: Longitudinal, clinical intervention study entailing energy-restricted diet, tailored aerobic-strength exercise, psychological counselling and nutritional education during a 3-week period followed by 49 weeks of indirect supervision at home. SUBJECTS: In all, 45 women and 19 men aged 30.2 +/- 7.2 y (mean +/- s.d.) with severe obesity (BMI: 41.3 +/- 4.3 kg/m(2)), classified as weight losers (final < initial weight) and regainers (final> or =initial weight). INTERVENTIONS: Body composition, physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors before and after the BWR program and at follow-up. RESULTS: The large majority of the experimental subjects obtained a clinical success after the 1-y period, and the rate was higher in females (n = 37/45, ie, 82.2%) than in males (n = 11/19, ie, 57.9%). At follow-up, weight losers had higher percent fat-free mass, muscle strength, HDL-cholesterol and self-reported physical activity level and lower total cholesterol and glucose levels than weight regainers (P < 0.05-0.01). Males displayed significantly larger fat-free mass losses than females at post-BWR and at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS A 3-week hospital-based integrated BWR program resulted in a high rate of clinical success in severely obese individuals at 1-y follow-up (particularly in females), that was associated with increased levels of self-reported physical activity and improved muscle strength and lipid profile. Further research is needed to establish the long-term effects (ie, at 2-5 y) associated to this treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Gender differences related to weight history, eating patterns, efficacy expectations, self-esteem, and weight loss among participants in a weight reduction program.

Fifty-five men and 58 women participating in a behavioral weight loss program were studied to determine sex differences in weight history, eating patterns, efficacy expectations, self-esteem, weight loss and maintenance. Weight history, eating patterns, and psychological variables were further analyzed to identify factors associated with weight change. Women reported more previous dieting experience and a higher degree of overweight at age 25 than men. Women also reported more eating in response to mood and lower self-efficacy prior to participation in this program, while men reported more eating in social situations. Women's self-efficacy rose during treatment, but men's did not. Short-term weight loss was not related to sex, but women were more successful in maintaining weight loss. Degree of overweight at age 25 and prior program participation were inversely related to weight loss success. Self-efficacy in social situations was positively associated in men with short-term weight loss. For men, eating frequency in various moods at post-treatment negatively predicted weight maintenance, and self-efficacy in controlling mood-related eating was positively associated with weight maintenance. We conclude that men and women differ importantly along several dimensions with regard to weight history and response to treatment. These differences may have implications for treatment of overweight.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1985

[Ambulatory weight reduction program and possible effects on lipid and purine metabolism].

In a factory dispensary care of obese skilled workers who worked hard in a foundry the aims of a weight reduction of 5 kg during 12 months for each patient were not achieved despite intensive individual health education. Conclusions concerning causal components of proved metabolic constellation (cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid) and preconditions of an effective weight reduction of obese workers are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Short-term effects of two integrated, non-pharmacological body weight reduction programs on coronary heart disease risk factors in young obese patients.

In order to evaluate the short-term effects (3 weeks) on selected coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors, 90 obese in-patients (body mass index, BMI, > or = 35 kg/m2 received a same low-calorie diet (1200-1800 kcal/day), nutritional education and psychological counselling, and were randomly assigned to either a non-specific, high-volume, low-intensity exercise training program (NET), or to an individualised, low-volume and high-intensity exercise training program (IET), for 5 days/week for 3 weeks. NET and IET programs lead to a significant reduction in blood glucose (6.2 and 7.7% respectively), total cholesterol (17.3%, 12.3%), HDL-cholesterol (13.7%, 15.2%), systolic (8.9%, 5.3%) and diastolic resting blood pressure (10.6%, 3.3%). Total CHD scores were also significantly improved (38.1%, 33.1%). The changes occurred with a relatively moderate decrease in body weight (4.2%, 4.4%) and with still elevated BMI values (41.6 kg/m2). Although IET, compared to NET program, induced smaller reductions of blood pressure, it requires 30% daily training period and may possibly enhance long-term patient compliance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Effects of weight reduction programs on close family members.

Ninety-two patients in long-term treatment for obesity completed a questionnaire on the weight development of their close family members. Of 47 such relatives, 37 had lost a mean of 6.1 kg and 10 increased a mean of 5.1 kg. Treatment of obesity will affect many more than those taking part in the actual program and generally result in weight loss. This effect on family members was mostly considered beneficial.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The lowering of plasma lipids following a weight reduction program is related to increased expression of the LDL receptor and lipoprotein lipase.

To determine whether changes in plasma lipids following a weight loss program were related to modifications in gene expression of the LDL receptor (LDL-R), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, overweight/obese premenopausal women were recruited. The 10-wk, randomized, double-blind intervention consisted of a hypoenergetic diet, high in protein (30% energy) and low in carbohydrate (40% energy), increased physical activity (number of steps taken per day), and intake of a supplement (carnitine or placebo). Our initial hypothesis was that carnitine would enhance the beneficial effects of weight loss on plasma lipids and anthropometrics. Because the carnitine and placebo groups did not differ in any of the measured variables, data for all subjects were pooled and comparisons were made between baseline and postintervention. Mean weight loss was 4.4 kg (P < 0.001), and plasma triglycerides (TG), total, and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) were reduced by 31.8, 9.9, and 11.9%, respectively (P < 0.001). The expression of the genes of interest was measured in RNA extracted from mononuclear cells at baseline and postintervention using a semiquantitative RT-PCR method. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was used as an internal control. After 10 wk, there was a 25.7% increase in the abundance of LPL mRNA (P < 0.01) and a 27.7% increase in that of LDL-R mRNA (P < 0.01). The expression of HMG-CoA reductase was not altered by weight loss. The results suggest that the increased expression of the LDL-R and LPL after the intervention might have contributed to the lower plasma LDL-C and TG observed in these women.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1992

A multicenter evaluation of a proprietary weight reduction program for the treatment of marked obesity.

BACKGROUND: Congressional hearings initiated in March 1990 revealed that America's $10 billion a year weight loss industry is subject to minimal regulation by federal agencies. Consumers are forced to rely on advertisements and testimonials when selecting treatment because no proprietary program has provided a prospective assessment of its short- and long-term results of treatment. This report describes such an assessment. METHODS: A total of 517 obese patients (407 women and 110 men) participated in a proprietary program that included 12 weeks of treatment by very-low-calorie diet within a 26-week program of life-style modification. Patients were treated in two cohorts (6 months apart) according to a standardized protocol implemented at 18 hospital-based clinics across the nation. RESULTS: Fifty-six percent of women and 54% of men completed treatment, at which time their weight losses (mean +/- SEM) were 22.0 +/- 0.6 and 32.1 +/- 1.4 kg, respectively. Weight losses of women and men who discontinued treatment averaged 14.3 +/- 0.7 and 20.0 +/- 1.6 kg, respectively. Weight loss was associated with significant improvements in blood pressure and total serum cholesterol levels. A 1-year follow-up evaluation of 74% of patients in the second cohort who completed treatment revealed that they maintained 15.3 +/- 1.2 of their 24.8 +/- 1.0-kg end-of-treatment weight loss; 59% of patients maintained a loss of 10 kg or more. CONCLUSION: We hope that this report will lead to the systematic evaluation of other proprietary weight loss programs and to the publication of findings that will permit consumers to make informed treatment decisions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Behavioral modification in a weight-reduction program.

Previous surveys have shown a high prevalence of obesity in women of low socioeconomic status. This study confirmed the relationship in the Medical Appointment Clinic at Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta. Behavioral modification therapy for obesity had not been carefully tested in this type of population. Therefore, a behavioral modification group-oriented weight-reduction method was adapted for 80 participants from this setting. Eighty controls, matched for age, sex, race, and percent ideal body weight, received individualized counseling from a dietitian. Thirty-one matched pairs (62 individuals) had follow-up weights taken more than one year later. Thirteen percent (four) of the behavioral modification group participants versus 6.4% (two) of the control participants maintained a loss of 20 lb. or more during this period. The mean weight loss for the behavioral modification group was 4.6% of their ideal body weight versus 0.9% for the control group. The results of the behavioral modification program were statistically superior to those of the control program (p = 0.058). Overall, for participants whose mean weight was 241 lb., it is difficult to conclude that a mean 5-lb. weight loss represents a meaningful change or that this weight loss was due to behavioral modification. The results of this program among low socioeconomic status women, however, were comparable with the results of similar large, free-living programs among middle class participants.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Effects of a weight reduction program with and without aerobic exercise in the metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: In the setting of a rural, primary care practice, evidence for the efficacy of intentional weight loss with or without aerobic exercise training (AET) in hypertensive patients with the metabolic syndrome remains controversial. DESIGN OF STUDY, METHODS: We analysed data of 52 hypertensives with the metabolic syndrome, who attended a weight management program with or without AET (diet/exercise group, n = 18; diet group, n = 20) for 36 months. Patients with a similar risk profile, who declined antihypertensive therapy beyond ACE inhibition, served as controls (n = 14). RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI) was significantly reduced over time in the diet and diet/exercise group (DeltaBMI: -7.2 +/- 1.1 and -6.6 +/- 1.5 kg/m2) vs. the control group (DeltaBMI: +0.4 +/- 1.3 kg/m2; p < 0.001 at 36 m). While systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BPs) did not change over time in controls (175 +/- 5/89 +/- 7 mm Hg), BPs were significantly reduced in the diet group (151 +/- 8/75 +/- 10 mm Hg) and in the diet/exercise group (139 +/- 12/71 +/- 8 mm Hg; p < 0.001 vs. diet group). Metabolic abnormalities were significantly improved over time in the diet group vs. controls, while AET did not add further benefits. However, heart rate recovery after acute exercise was improved and body cell mass (BCM) was increased in the diet/exercise group vs. patients without AET (p < 0.001 vs. others). CONCLUSIONS: Weight management significantly improves the lipid and nonlipid abnormalities of the metabolic syndrome, which is associated with reduced blood pressure. Addition of AET does not add further benefits on metabolic parameters, but improves blood pressure regulation. Effective lifestyle modifications are feasible even in the setting of a rural practice.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1981

Emotional status during weight reduction program.

The Hopkins Symptom Checklist was administered to 205 chronically obese patients to assess their emotional status. The results indicate that: a) the extent of mental problems in this population was not much different from other outpatient clinics; b) patients with a childhood or maturity onset of obesity had similar emotional profile; c) successful weight loss improved the emotional difficulties; d) no increase in emotional symptomatology occurred in patients before their dropout from the clinic; and e) clinic attendance and dieting did not affect the patients' mental status. These findings correlate well with the global clinical impressions obtained during interviews at each patient visit by the physician and/or clinical psychologist.

Affective Symptoms↗