SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “bioactive compound”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2026

Proteomic profiling reveals that DPP4 overexpression increases cell adhesion, inhibits cell migration, and restores androgen sensitivity in prostate cancer.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), a serine protease with both enzymatic and non-enzymatic roles, has emerged as a context-dependent modulator of tumor progression. In the present study, we investigated the expression and function of DPP4 in androgen-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) models. Proteomic analysis of androgen-resistant prostate cells overexpressing DPP4 identified the involvement of the cellular adhesion molecules pathway. In prostate cells, lentiviral-mediated DPP4 overexpression restored androgen receptor signaling, inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and reduced cell migration, whereas DPP4 silencing produced the opposite effects. We demonstrate that DPP4 expression is down-regulated in CRPC cells and that treatment with capsaicin (CAP), a bioactive compound derived from red peppers, restores DPP4 expression. Moreover, DPP4 restoration by CAP suppresses prostate tumorigenesis in the TRAMP mice in vivo model of prostate cancer. Our results suggest that DPP4 could be a new target for CRPC.

Male↗

PubMed2026

Carrot Juice Intake Modulates Oncogenic and Inflammatory Pathways in Advanced Colorectal Adenomas: A Pilot Feasibility Study.

Carrots are a rich dietary source of carotenoids and polyacetylenes, bioactive compounds with demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties in experimental models. Epidemiological evidence suggests that carrot consumption is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer; however, clinical data linking carrot intake to molecular changes in premalignant colorectal tissue remain limited. In this pilot intervention study, 20 patients with advanced colorectal adenomas were enrolled. Fifteen participants consumed carrot juice daily for 21 days, while five served as untreated controls. Paired adenoma biopsies were collected before and after the intervention and were analyzed using gene expression microarrays to assess transcriptional responses. Carrot juice intake was well tolerated, with adherence exceeding 95% and no reported adverse events. Transcriptomic analysis revealed modulation of key pathways implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis, including downregulation of the WNT, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as cyclooxygenase-2-related inflammatory pathways and cytokine signaling. These changes were consistent with reduced oncogenic signaling and attenuation of inflammatory activity within adenoma tissue. In summary, short-term carrot juice consumption was associated with coordinated suppression of molecular pathways involved in colorectal adenoma progression. These findings provide preliminary clinical evidence that a whole-food dietary intervention may influence early carcinogenic processes and support the need for larger controlled studies evaluating clinical outcomes.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2026

Integrative chemical genetics platform identifies condensate modulators linked to neurological disorders.

Dysregulation of biomolecular condensates is implicated across multiple neurological disorders. However, approaches to systematically identify their modulators remain limited. Here, we expand the utility of MLF2 as a versatile condensate biomarker and develop CondenScreen, an integrated high-content screening and bioinformatics pipeline enabling identification of condensate modulators across chemical and genetic space. Screening 1760 bioactive compounds in a cellular DYT1 dystonia model, we validate the platform for condensate-targeted drug discovery, identifying drugs that prevent the accumulation of the MLF2 reporter into nuclear envelope condensates. In parallel, a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen correlates nuclear condensate abundance with genes implicated in microcephaly and over eight additional neurodevelopmental disorders. Machine learning and confocal imaging resolve distinct condensate phenotypes, with RNF26 deletion provoking nuclear envelope condensates that phenocopy hallmarks of torsin deficiency. Our study provides a scalable platform for identifying modulators of condensates and establishes a correlative connection between nuclear condensate accumulation and genes implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Biocontrol Potential of a Novel Bacillus velezensis Strain Against Major Soft Rot Bacteria Pectobacterium and Dickeya.

Management of soft rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) remains a major challenge because effective control options such as bactericides, chemical treatments, or resistant commercial varieties are currently lacking. In a quest for an effective control measure against SRP, we isolated bacteria from soil and potato samples from potato fields across Montana. The bacterial isolates were screened for their effective suppression of major soft rot and blackleg pathogens Pectobacterium brasiliense strain Pb1692 and Dickeya dianthicola strain ME23. We screened more than 3,000 bacterial isolates using inhibition-zone assays on nutrient agar plates. From this collection, we identified a strong antagonist effective against Pb1692 and ME23. This isolate successfully suppressed potato soft rot and blackleg disease in both laboratory and greenhouse evaluations. Genome sequencing identified the bacterial antagonist as Bacillus velezensis strain DN539, which can survive well at 8°C, a potato postharvest storage temperature. We enriched the B. velezensis DN539 supernatant in bioactive fractions, and mass spectrometry analysis identified the bioactive compound as isomers of surfactin. Scanning electron microscopy identified that surfactin-enriched fraction resulted in the leakage of the cellular content of phytobacteria tested in our study in as little as 10 min, followed by complete degradation of bacterial cells within 1 h. The surfactin-enriched fraction also had antimicrobial effects against other economically important phytobacteria such as Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas campestris, and Pseudomonas syringae. These indicate that surfactin synthesized by Bacillus velezensis DN539 has potential to be developed as a biocontrol agent against broad range of phytobacteria.

Pectobacterium↗

PubMed2026

Investigating the mechanisms linking vitamin D to coronary artery disease: A mediating proteomics Mendelian randomisation study.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, with its elevated rates of disability and death posing a significant public health concern. Vitamin D is a crucial bioactive compound involved in numerous physiological processes and has garnered considerable interest due to its potential health benefits. The association between vitamin D and CAD has been a prominent focus of scholarly investigation. However, there remains considerable debate regarding whether vitamin D confers protective effects against CAD, and the underlying mechanisms by which vitamin D influences CAD remain inadequately understood. Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using large-scale genome-wide association study data to examine the causal relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and CAD. Plasma proteomics data were subsequently employed for mediation analysis, followed by enrichment analysis to identify intermediary metabolic or signaling pathways through which serum 25(OH)D may mediate the onset and progression of CAD. The Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with a reduced risk of CAD (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.799 [0.643-0.993], P = .043). No evidence of pleiotropy (P = .949) or heterogeneity (P = .630) was observed in the results. The protein-mediated analysis identified 19 plasma proteins, including Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1, membrane associating domain domain-containing protein 2, and interleukin-17D, as key mediators through which reduced vitamin D levels contribute to the development of CAD. The mediation effects ranged from 4.85 to 34.49%. Following the identification of these 19 mediating proteins, 59 intermediary pathways were further pinpointed through which serum vitamin D influences CAD risk. Increased levels of 25(OH)D may reduce the risk of CAD. Further, plasma proteomics-mediated analyses have uncovered potential mechanisms through which 25(OH)D influences the development of CAD, offering a detailed framework for understanding the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and CAD progression. This provides novel evidence to support the recommendation of appropriate vitamin D supplementation as part of lifestyle guidance for CAD patients.

Coronary Artery Disease↗

PubMed2025

Streptomyces huangiella sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from Pheretima aspergillum, a promising candidate for biological pathogen control.

UNLABELLED: Pheretima aspergillum (E. Perrier) is an annelid of the genus Pheretima in the family Megascolecidae, a species of earthworm, whose dried body (Guang Dilong) is a traditional Chinese animal medicine. A new actinobacterium strain, named HD1123-B1T, was isolated from the gut contents of Pheretima aspergillum caught in the wild in Guangzhou, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain was primarily identified as a member of the genus Streptomyces, sharing more than 98% sequence identity to Streptomyces endocoffeicus CA3R110T (98.80%), Streptomyces coffeae CA1R205T (98.47%), and Streptomyces iranensis HM35T (97.93%). The whole genome size of strain HD1123-B1T was approximately 8.9 Mbp, with 7,464 predicted genes and 71.42 mol% DNA C+G content. Comparative genomic analyses based on digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values revealed that strain HD1123-B1T represents a novel species within the genus Streptomyces. Additionally, 38 biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites were also predicted in the genome of strain HD1123-B1T. Based on LC-MS/MS analysis, the nigericin biosynthesis gene cluster has been completely characterized. The ethyl acetate crude extract of strain HD1123-B1T exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25213, etc) and gram-negative bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum GIM 1.70. Based on these results, HD1123-B1T could be confirmed as an isolate that represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces huangiella sp. nov. is proposed. IMPORTANCE: As the largest genus of the phylum Actinomycetes, Streptomyces is a kind of microbial resources with great practical and economic value. Due to their unique physiological properties and metabolic capacity, Streptomyces have become an important source of bioactive compounds in the world and play an indispensable role in medical and industrial fields. With the advancement of molecular biology and genomics, researchers can more deeply explore the metabolic potential of Actinomycetes, discovering and developing new biologically active compounds. These new compounds may possess various biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic properties, further promoting the development of medicine and related industries. Based on genomic analysis and antibacterial activity, the strain HD1123-B1T was indicated to be a promising candidate for biological pathogen control.

Streptomyces↗

PubMed2026

Time-resolved proteomic adaptation of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii to antimicrobial stress induced by partially purified fraction from Caesalpinia pulcherrima flower using DEqMS.

UNLABELLED: The global prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria represents an urgent public health challenge, emphasizing the critical need for novel antimicrobial agents. MDR Acinetobacter baumannii, a nosocomial pathogen of critical global concern owing to its capacity to acquire and disseminate antimicrobial resistance, was employed as a bacterial model to investigate the antimicrobial potential of natural products derived from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. (Fabaceae). This medicinal plant represents a promising reservoir of novel bioactive compounds; however, its molecular effects on the A. baumannii proteome had not previously been characterized. The partially purified ethyl acetate fraction of C. pulcherrima flowers (CPF4) exhibited potent bactericidal activity against susceptible A. baumannii (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration = 31.25 µg/mL), and time-resolved label-free quantitative LC-MS/MS proteomics was subsequently performed on MDR A. baumannii cultures treated with CPF4 at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post-treatment alongside untreated controls in biological triplicate, with differential protein expression assessed using differential expression of quantified mass spectrometry data. No significantly differentially expressed proteins were detected at 24 h or 48 h relative to the control, indicating that the proteomic effects of CPF4 manifest predominantly at the late treatment stage. In contrast, a robust late-phase response was identified at 72 h, comprising the coordinated induction of proteins associated with DNA damage repair, transcriptional regulation, and cell surface glycosylation remodeling. The sensor histidine kinase PmrB was significantly upregulated at 72 h vs 48 h (adjusted P = 0.029), implicating the PmrA/PmrB two-component system in late-phase colistin tolerance acquisition under sustained CPF4 exposure. IMPORTANCE: These findings provide mechanistic insight into the adaptive survival strategies employed by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in response to plant-derived antimicrobial challenge and support the further development of Caesalpinia pulcherrima-derived natural products as candidate antimicrobial agents.

Acinetobacter baumannii↗

PubMed2026

Genomic Insights Into Multidrug-Resistant Foodborne Serratia liquefaciens Strains Carrying mcr-9 and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Novel Biosynthetic Gene Clusters.

Serratia liquefaciens is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen with a wide range of antibiotic resistance patterns. This study reports the characterization of the first mcr-9-positive S. liquefaciens strains, 35E-19E1 and CST-066, isolated from meat products in Japan. The strains were screened for the presence of β-lactamases, plasmid-mediated mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes, and carbapenemase-encoding genes using PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the broth microdilution method. The strains exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotypes to third-generation cephalosporins, cephamycin, fosfomycin, and other clinically important antimicrobials. Genomic DNA sequencing showed that the genome sizes of CST-066 and 35E-19E1 are 5,529,704 and 5,261,506 bps, respectively. mcr-9 was identified on a chromosome within a genetic environment that included the two-component system qseBC, which plays a key role in the signaling network that triggers colistin resistance in Enterobacterales. Downstream genome analysis revealed a 1695-bp eptB-like kdo2-lipid phosphoethanolamine transferase, which is involved in intrinsic polymyxin resistance mechanisms in Serratia spp. The strain 35E-19E1 carries five CRISPR-Cas enzymes that are essential for adaptive immunity in bacteria, allowing defense against invading elements. Functional analysis using subsystem technology revealed that both strains possess subsystem features responsible for invasion and adhesion within the host biomes. Genome mining using antiSMASH and BAGL4 revealed various biosynthetic gene clusters, responsible for secondary metabolite synthesis. Notably, we identified novel gene clusters, mainly nonribosomal peptide synthetases, in both the strains, indicating their potential to produce bioactive compounds. Although the presence of mcr-9 in Serratia may not be of clinical significance because of natural resistance of the strain to polymyxins, we shed light on the genomic characteristics of this MDR pathogen and the potential spread of mcr-9 among other bacterial species. The emergence of mcr-9 in drug-resistant S. liquefaciens provides significant insights, underscoring the need for increased surveillance of this pathogen.

biosynthetic gene cluster↗

PubMed2026

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Carcinogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms and the Preventive Roles of Phytochemicals Part I: Pathophysiological Mechanisms Linking Metabolic Dysfunction to Cancer.

The global cancer burden is projected to escalate to 27 million new cases annually by 2040, a trajectory that parallels the rising prevalence of obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and related metabolic disorders. While genetic and environmental factors are well-recognized, the systemic metabolic environment is increasingly identified as a critical determinant of tumorigenesis. This review (Part I) systematically delineates the molecular and cellular framework through which metabolic dysfunction orchestrates a tumor-permissive landscape. We evaluate six primary pathophysiological axes: (1) chronic low-grade inflammation that fuels a protumorigenic milieu, (2) oxidative stress and redox imbalance leading to genomic instability, (3) insulin resistance and insulin-like growth factor axis activation which stimulate mitogenic pathways, (4) aberrant lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity-driven cell transformation, (5) gut microbiota dysbiosis and its modulation of the tumor microenvironment, and (6) metabolism-associated epigenetic remodeling that sustains oncogenic gene expression. Unlike previous literature that has focused on isolated pathways, this synthesis emphasizes the synergistic crosstalk among these mechanisms, illustrating how they collectively reinforce cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, this mechanistic framework provides a biological rationale for targeting metabolism-associated carcinogenesis through dietary phytochemicals and bioactive compounds, which will be comprehensively discussed in Part II. By providing an integrated overview of the metabolic dysfunction-cancer axis, this work establishes a mechanistic foundation for the preventive potential of phytochemicals. These insights are crucial for developing multitarget dietary strategies against metabolism-associated malignancies.

carcinogenesis↗

PubMed2025

Transcriptome and metabolome profiling of the medicinal plant Dictamnus dasycarpus reveal key genes involved in quinoline alkaloids biosynthesis and limonoids biosynthesis.

BACKGROUND: As a member of Rutaceae family, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. represents a prominent medicinal plant and economically valuable crop in traditional Chinese medicine, and is renowned for its therapeutic efficacy in treating dermatological conditions. The pharmacological activity of this species primarily stems from quinoline alkaloids and limonoids, which predominantly accumulate in the taproots. These bioactive compounds serve as critical determinants of both medicinal quality and crop yield. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms governing their dynamic accumulation patterns in D. dasycarpus taproots remain uncertain, and the fundamental biochemical basis underlying this process has yet to be elucidated. RESULTS: Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were carried out to investigate metabolites and gene expression during the development of D. dasycarpus taproots. The differentially accumulated secondary metabolites (DAMs) mainly included quinoline alkaloids and limonoids, and the accumulation of total alkaloids and total limonoids primarily occurred during 2- and 4-year-old. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are related to Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, Tryptophan metabolism, Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, which had a close relationship with the accumulation of quinoline alkaloids and limonoids. Furthermore, we identified that some CYP450s, acetyltransferase, isomerase, 2-ODDs and others may play an important role in the process of producing quinoline alkaloids and limonoids. CONCLUSION: These results elucidated the molecular mechanisms and metabolic changes underlying the dynamic accumulation process occurring in the taproots of D. dasycarpus. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the planting and harvesting of D. dasycarpus.

Limonins↗

PubMed2026

Magnolol Potentiates Sorafenib-induced Apoptosis and Inhibits Metastatic Signaling in Renal Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Sorafenib is a standard targeted therapy for renal cell carcinoma; however, resistance and limited efficacy remain clinical challenges. Magnolol, a bioactive compound derived from Magnolia officinalis, exhibits anti-cancer properties, and may enhance therapeutic responses. This study investigated whether magnolol potentiates the anti-tumor effects of sorafenib in murine renal carcinoma (Renca) cells and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell viability was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and drug interactions were analyzed using the Chou-Talalay method. Apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining, cell-cycle analysis, and caspase activation. Western blotting and flow cytometry were performed to examine apoptotic pathways and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase (SRC)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. Transwell assays and protein expression profiling were used to analyze migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. RESULTS: Combination treatment synergistically reduced cell viability, with a combination index (CI) <1, and significantly enhanced apoptosis via activation of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Co-treatment suppressed EGFR/SRC proto-oncogene, SRC/ NF-κB signaling and reduced migration, invasion, and EMT-associated markers. CONCLUSION: Magnolol enhances sorafenib efficacy by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting survival and metastatic signaling pathways in renal carcinoma cells.

Lignans↗

PubMed2026

Whole-Genome Sequence Dataset of Rhodococcus qingshengii IEGM 267-Terpenoid Biotransformer Toward Genetic Functional Annotation.

Background/Objectives: Microbial biotransformation of monoterpenoids is a promising approach for obtaining bioactive compounds. Rhodococcus species are attractive biocatalysts due to their metabolic versatility and ability to transform hydrophobic substrates. In this study, we investigated the catalytic potential of Rhodococcus qingshengii IEGM 267 toward carveol isomers and explored genomic features that may underlie this activity. Methods: The strain was cultivated in mineral medium supplemented with (-)-trans-carveol. Biotransformation products were analyzed by TLC and GC-MS. The draft genome was sequenced, assembled, taxonomically assigned, and annotated using standard bioinformatics tools. Results: Rhodococcus qingshengii IEGM 267 efficiently converted (-)-trans-carveol to carvone. Genome analysis confirmed the taxonomic assignment of the strain and revealed a large repertoire of oxidoreductases, including monooxygenases, hydroxylases, and dehydrogenases. Seven genes encoding cytochrome P450-dependent oxygenases were identified as candidate enzymes potentially involved in carveol oxidation. Conclusions: R. qingshengii IEGM 267 is an efficient and stereoselective biocatalyst for (-)-trans-carveol oxidation. The results of bioinformatics analysis suggest an alternative enzymatic basis for this transformation and provide a foundation for future functional characterization.

Rhodococcus↗

PubMed2026

Phytochemical Characterization and Effects of Randia monantha Benth. Leaf and Fruit Extracts on the Viability of Human Cancer Cell Lines.

Randia monantha, commonly known as crucetillo, is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Mexico to treat conditions such as diabetes, venomous animal bites, and cancer; however, its effects on cancer cell viability remain underexplored. In this study, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanolic extracts from the leaves and fruits of Randia monantha were phytochemically characterized and evaluated for their effects on cell viability in HeLa cervical cancer and DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. Phytochemical analyses revealed differences in metabolite composition across solvents of varying polarity and plant tissues. Methanolic leaf extracts contained higher levels of terpenoids and polyphenols and produced the greatest reduction in HeLa cell viability, with an estimated IC50 of 4.87 µg/mL after 48 h of treatment. In contrast, DU-145 cells exhibited a different response pattern depending on the extract evaluated. Correlation analysis suggested that flavonoids were associated with reduced HeLa cell viability. Overall, leaf extracts produced greater reductions in cancer cell viability than fruit extracts, highlighting leaves as a promising but comparatively underexplored source of bioactive compounds in Randia monantha.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Dietary Laver Intake and Risk of Incident Abdominal Obesity Among Korean Adults: An 18-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Background/Objectives: Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Laver (Porphyra spp.), a seaweed commonly consumed in Korea, contains dietary fiber and bioactive compounds that may help reduce abdominal fat accumulation. This study aimed to investigate the association between laver intake and the incidence of abdominal obesity in Korean adults. Methods: Data from 5457 adults aged 40-69 years who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were analyzed. Laver intake was assessed at baseline using a validated 103-item food frequency questionnaire. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference of ≥90 cm in men and ≥85 cm in women. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: During 18 years of follow-up, 1202 men (39.4%) and 1117 women (46.4%) developed abdominal obesity. A higher laver intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of abdominal obesity in both sexes. Compared with participants in the lowest category of laver intake, those in the highest category had a 28% lower risk among men (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.58-0.89; p for trend = 0.0099) and a 33% lower risk among women (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.54-0.84; p for trend = 0.0005). These associations remained significant after additional adjustment for overall diet quality. Conclusions: Higher habitual laver intake was associated with a lower risk of incident abdominal obesity in Korean adults. Further prospective and intervention studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Genome Editing in Solanaceae: Harnessing CRISPR-Cas Technology for Precision Crop Improvement.

Malnutrition and climate-induced stress remain major constraints to global food and nutritional security despite the yield gains of the Green Revolution. Solanaceae crops such as tomato, potato, brinjal, and pepper are key sources of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. Yet, their genetic improvement has been limited by narrow diversity and complex polygenic traits. The advent of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing provides a transformative platform for precision crop improvement by enabling targeted modification of genes controlling stress tolerance, yield, and nutritional quality. In Solanaceae, CRISPR/Cas applications have successfully enhanced resistance against major pathogens (SlMlo1, SlPelo, SlDCL2), improved abiotic stress tolerance through editing of SlMAPK3, SlCBF1, and SlBZR1, and optimized fruit quality traits via modulation of Psy1, CrtR-b2, and fiAD2/3. Emerging innovations, such as base and prime editing, and RNP-mediated transgene-free delivery, are expanding the precision and scope of editing. However, challenges persist, including genotype-dependent transformation, low HDR efficiency, and incomplete understanding of off-target and epigenetic effects. Integrating CRISPR with omics-guided gene discovery, efficient transformation systems, and regulatory harmonization can accelerate the development of nutritionally enriched, stress-resilient, and sustainable Solanaceae varieties. This review synthesizes recent advances, identifies critical limitations, and outlines future opportunities for deploying CRISPR/Cas technology to achieve next-generation breeding and food system resilience.

CRISPR/Cas↗

PubMed2025

Multi-Omics and Integrative Analytics in Natural Products Discovery.

Natural products (NPs) have long been an essential source of new bioactive compounds for drug discovery; however, traditional methods for screening and isolating these compounds can be slow and often yield diminishing returns. Fortunately, advanced multi-omics and computational approaches present powerful solutions to these challenges. This review highlights innovative methodologies that integrate metabolomics, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics with bioinformatics and analytical chemistry to accelerate NP discovery. For instance, untargeted metabolomics platforms like high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) molecular networking allow for comprehensive profiling of new compounds, while targeted isotope-labeling strategies enhance this process. Additionally, genome and metagenome mining tools such as antibiotics and secondary metabolite analysis shell (antiSMASH), Deep Biosynthetic Gene Cluster (DeepBGC), and Pipeline for Reconstructing Integrated Syntheses of Metabolites (PRISM) quickly identify biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in both cultured and uncultured organisms, often using heterologous expression to validate products. Transcriptomic analyses, including RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), co-expression networks, and fluxomics, help clarify how pathways are regulated, while quantitative proteomics techniques like tandem mass tags/isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (TMT/iTRAQ) and label-free methods, along with chemoproteomics approaches such as cellular thermal shift assay and thermal proteome profiling (TPP), uncover molecular targets and their mechanisms of action. This review also places significant emphasis on the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in integrating multi-omics data, spanning activities from constructing gene-metabolite correlation networks to leveraging knowledge graphs and graph neural networks for data fusion and functional prediction. Finally, this review concludes by discussing the synergistic benefits of multi-omics for natural-product discovery, addressing current technical challenges, and exploring future directions toward high-throughput, intelligent data integration for next-generation NP research.

Biological Products↗

PubMed1978

Polypeptide antibiotic 26a from Bacillus subtilis. I. Taxonomy and fermentative production.

In surface cultures on NK/2-Sym's medium, the isolate No. 26a of Bacillus subtilis from the intestinal tract of Galleria mellonella larvae produced three antibacterial substances which were separated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 column. The major bioactive compound named 26a had a close resemblance to bacitracin family of polypeptide antibiotics. Two minor active compounds, i.e. a bacteriolytic enzyme with endo-beta-N-acetylmuramidglycanohydrolase (EC. 3. 2. 1. 17) activity and other unidentified factor were usually synthetized in trace amounts. Maximum yield of 26a generally occurred after 120 hour incubation, when the producer reached the stationary growth phase and general sporulation of the bacterial cultures was found. The basal medium of NK/2-Sym supplemented by addition of manganese ions (10(-4) M), d-glucose (1%) and inorganic nitrogen beneficially resulted in antibiotic potency of the fermentation broth. The antibiotics produced by other isolates (Nos 5AK, 15 and 92) have been also analyzed and from their properties they can be tentatively classified as members of bacitracin group polypeptides. A possible role of the antibiotics produced by intestinal Bacillus spp in the formation process of typical gut microflora of G. mellonella is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Investigations with bioactivated polymethylmethacrylates.

Compound bone cement on a PMMA base with an additive of bioactive glass ceramic particles in different portions and different particle sizes are tested in animal experiments. The tissue reactions to extracorporal polymerized specimens and to in situ polymerized specimens are observed. The experiments with an implantation period up to six months demonstrate a tight bonding between the newly formed osseous tissue and the glass ceramic particles at the interface. The inflammatory reactions in the vicinity of the implant are small. It is the objective of the investigations to improve the adherance of the bone cement at the interface to achieve a more durable anchorage of bone cement in the tissue.

Animals↗