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Results for “functional performance”

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PubMed1976

Relationship of functional levels of early components of complement to the H-2 complex of mice.

The relationship between the H-2 complex and the complement system was studied by performing functional assays for whole complement and individual complement components on sera from congenic mice of B10 and C3H backgrounds. Levels of whole complement activity were seen to be influenced by S region genes, confirming the work of others. Levels of C3 through C9, however, were independent of the H-I genotypes suggesting that the differences in whole complement activities were due to variation in levels of C1, C4 or C2. Titrations of these three earliest acting classical complement components were performed on sera from mice of nine strains of the B10 background and four strains of the C3H background. It was shown that functional levels of C1, C4, and C2 were all under control of genes within or very closely linked to the S region.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Language performance of educable mentally retarded and normal children at five age levels.

The present study comprised an analysis and comparison of the language performance of educable mentally retarded and normal children at mental age levels six through 10 years. Both syntactic and functional performance variables were investigated. The results indicate language performance differences between the two groups with the primary discriminators being hesitation phenomena (false starts, filled pauses, and repeats) and clausal constructions (relative and subordinate clauses), resulting in a higher sentence elaboration level for normal children.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1978

Functional cerebral asymmetry and performance. III. Reaction time as a function of task, hand, sex, and EEG asymmetry.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Functional analysis of fixed bridges on abutment teeth with reduced periodontal support.

The present study examines the function of fixed bridges on abutment teeth with reduced but non-inflamed periodontal tissues. Eighteen patients with advanced periodontal breakdown and indication for oral rehabilitation received periodontol treatment and their dentitions were restored with fixed bridgework. The analysis of function performed 2-5 years after insertion of the reconstructions was made by (1) evaluation of the patients' opinion on chewing ability and function of the masticatory system; (2) clinical examination of the border movements of the mandible, the status of the temporomandivular joints and the chewing muscles, and (3) measurements of the bite force indifferent areas of the dentition. The results of the study show that the functional capacity of the type of extensive bridgework discussed is good and that the patients--in spite of severe loss of periodontal tissue--achieve bite force values that are almost comparable to those in individuals with natural teeth. Comparison of the function of fixed bridges and that of removable dentures is also discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Behavioural responses of marine poikilotherms to pollutants.

Selected behavioural responses of marine fishes and invertebrates which are reportedly capable of disruption or impairment by petroleum, heavy metals, pesticides and other pollutants are listed. The usefulness of these and other performance functions to regulatory agencies charged with formulation of saline water quality criteria appears somewhat limited. At present, however, motor funcitons such as swimming performance, locomotion, and equilibrium, as well as physiological responses, especially respiratory patterns, may have some potential for biomonitoring of wastes discharged into coastal environments.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Effect of exercise during rehabilitation on swimming performance, metabolism and function of muscle in rats.

1. It has been observed previously that gastrocnemius muscles from rats rehabilitated after early nutritional stress have low endurance and oxidative capacity (Raju, 1974). 2. Exercise during rehabilitation reversed the effects of early malnutrition on muscle function and metabolism. The swimming performance of rehabilitated rats was poor and exercise during rehabilitation improved it. 3. The specific activity of gastrocnemius muscle myosin ATP phosphohydrolase (EC 3.6.1.3) was not altered by either early malnutrition or exercise.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

The organization and structure of the national institutes of health.

In the assessment of domestic federal programs and the agencies responsible for them, few have been as frequently and highly praised as the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Contributing to that success in part is an unusual organization and structure. Based on a series of semiautonomous, disease-oriented program divisions supplemented by several support units with a co-ordinative function performed by the Director, NIH, a remarkable and essential combination of administrative stability and flexibility, as well as scientific and political acceptability, has emerged. The changing environment in which NIH now functions, however, suggests the need for a greater degree of intra-NIH and extra-NIH program integration and co-ordination. Concomitantly, there must be more consistent federal policies, a clearer definition and understanding of "technology transfer" and additional resources for the directors of NIH and the individual Institutes.

Financing, Government↗

PubMed1978

Cardiac arrhythmias during routine tests of pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstruction of airways.

We studied the frequency of cardiac arrhythmias during routine tests of pulmonary function by using continuous electrocardiographic recording and a computerized method to quantitate arrhythmias. A total of 150 patients with chronic obstruction of airways were studied before, during, and after routine tests of pulmonary function performed before and after intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) with a bronchodilator aerosol. The only significant (P less than 0.01) change was an increased frequency of atrial premature beats during tests of pulmonary function. Spirometric studies, maximal voluntary ventilation, and IPPB with a bronchodilator aerosol were equally likely to induce atrial premature beats. Routine tests of pulmonary function represent an additional causal factor in producing arrhythmias in patients with obstruction of airways, although no clinical consequences were evident in the course of the study.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2026

Molecular profiling of coronary stent testenosis: A systematic review and functional analysis of implicated genes.

BACKGROUND: Coronary stent restenosis occurs in approximately 5% of patients treated with drug-eluting stents (DES) and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying restenosis may support precision medicine approaches to improve patient management.This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on genes and biological pathways associated with DES-related restenosis and to perform functional analysis of the implicated genes using bioinformatics tools. METHODS: The review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed for human studies investigating genetic or genomic factors in coronary restenosis, with the last search conducted in March 2024. Eligibility criteria included original studies reporting genetic associations with DES restenosis. Screening and data extraction were performed by a single reviewer. Identified genes underwent gene set enrichment analysis using Enrichr (Ma'ayan Laboratory, Computational Systems Biology) and ClueGo extension on Cytoscape (National Resource for Network Biology). RESULTS: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies highlighted multiple genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammatory signaling, and the renin-angiotensin system. Gene enrichment analysis confirmed the overrepresentation of these biological pathways in DES-associated restenosis. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review synthesizes the genetic and molecular contributors to DES-associated restenosis and identifies potential targets for future research and personalized therapies. No external funding was received, and the protocol was not registered.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

ERP44 Is Associated With Poor Prognosis and Promotes Proliferation and Temozolomide Resistance in Lower-grade Glioma.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 44 (ERP44), a protein disulfide isomerase family member, has been implicated in tumor biology, but its role in lower-grade glioma (LGG) remains unclear. This study investigated the prognostic significance and biological function of ERP44 in LGG, focusing on proliferation and temozolomide (TMZ) resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ERP44 expression, clinicopathological associations, and prognostic value were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) datasets. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Cox regression, and a prognostic nomogram were constructed. Differential expression, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity analyses were performed. Functional validation was conducted in SW1088 and SW1783 cells using shRNA-mediated ERP44 knockdown, followed by RT-qPCR, western blotting, CCK-8, colony formation, and TMZ IC50 assays. Subcutaneous xenograft models with or without TMZ treatment were used for in vivo validation. RESULTS: ERP44 was markedly upregulated in LGG and associated with higher WHO grade, IDH wildtype status, 1p/19q non-codeletion, and poor survival in TCGA and CGGA cohorts. ERP44 showed strong prognostic performance and improved risk stratification in a multivariable nomogram. Enrichment analyses linked high ERP44 expression to immune/inflammatory pathways and reduced neuronal functional signatures. ERP44 positively correlated with immune infiltration, proliferation/stemness markers, and predicted TMZ resistance, while its knockdown inhibited proliferation and colony formation, reduced TMZ IC50, suppressed xenograft growth, enhanced TMZ efficacy, and decreased Ki67 positivity. CONCLUSION: ERP44 is a prognostic biomarker that promotes LGG proliferation and TMZ resistance, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.

Humans↗

PubMed1979

Respiratory illness, maternal smoking habit and lung function in children.

Two hundred and fourteen children aged 7-11 years had tests of lung function performed. Mothers were asked about their past and current smoking habits and whether their children had ever had pneumonia or severe bronchitis. The findings suggest a relationship between early childhood bronchitis or pneumonia and impairment of lung function in later childhood and also suggest that maternal smoking habit may contribute directly to impairment of lung function in children.

Bronchitis↗

PubMed1976

[Studies on the functional ability of swine liver perfused with human blood in machine recirculation attempt. Experiment design, elimination of indocyanine green, galactose, bilirubin and ammonia, synthesis of urea, bile secretion].

In 11 machine experiments of recirculation the abilities of survival and functioning of livers of dwarf pigs perfused with human preserved blood were tested with the help of the eliminations of indocyanine green, galactose, bilirubin and ammonia from a closed circulation. Further urea-nitrogen were measured as indicator of the urea synthesis and bile secretion. The perfusion of the animal livers was carried out in 9 cases only through the portal vein. The values of the blood flow were between 0.4 and 1.0ml pro g liver tissue and minute in portal pressure values about 15 cm water column. Two recirculations were carried out with additional flow through the hepatic artery with about 1/5 of the whole blood flow. The results of the experiments described prove a pretty good functional performance of the perfused with human blood livers of dwarf pigs during several hours. The different animal livers, however, showed at the beginning as well as during the further course of the perfusion clear differences concerning their functional capacity. Decrease of the blood flow values below 0.5 ml pro g liver tissue lead to functional loss. The additional flow through the hepatic artery yielded no better results, compared with the only perfusion of the animal liver through the portal vein.

Ammonia↗

PubMed2026

Effects of free-weight resistance training based on hexagonal barbell deadlift in older women: A 24-week randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: This randomized controlled trial examined effects of a 24-week hexagonal barbell deadlift (HBDL)-based free-weight resistance training program on body composition, trunk muscle function, and functional performance in older women. METHODS: Thirty-two women (67.6 ± 6.3 years) were randomly assigned to an HBDL group (DG, n = 16) or control group (CG, n = 16). DG trained twice weekly for 24 weeks under supervision. Primary outcomes were body composition and isokinetic trunk peak torque and average power at 60°/s and 120°/s. Secondary outcomes were isokinetic knee function, mobility, and maximal isotonic strength. Between-group differences after the intervention were examined by analysis of covariance (α = 0.05). RESULTS: After intervention, DG showed greater trunk lean mass (+0.4 kg vs. -0.2 kg, p = 0.006) than CG, and reductions in body fat percentage (-1.4% vs. +0.3%, p = 0.003), total fat mass (-1.1 kg vs. +0.3 kg, p = 0.013), and regional fat mass (trunk, gluteal, thigh; all p < 0.05). Trunk extensor peak torque at 60°/s (+26.0% vs. -6.3%, p < 0.001) and average power at 60°/s (+38.1% vs. -7.6%, p < 0.001) and 120°/s (+33.2% vs. +0.1%, p = 0.002) improved significantly. DG also showed better eyes-closed static balance and 6-min walk performance (both p < 0.05). Whole-body lean mass and lower-limb isokinetic strength did not differ between groups. Attendance was 89.6% with no adverse events. CONCLUSION: HBDL-based free-weight resistance training is a safe, feasible, and effective strategy to improve body composition, trunk extensor function, and mobility in older women.

Humans↗

PubMed2023

Dominant negative variants in KIF5B cause osteogenesis imperfecta via down regulation of mTOR signaling.

BACKGROUND: Kinesin motor proteins transport intracellular cargo, including mRNA, proteins, and organelles. Pathogenic variants in kinesin-related genes have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders and skeletal dysplasias. We identified de novo, heterozygous variants in KIF5B, encoding a kinesin-1 subunit, in four individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta. The variants cluster within the highly conserved kinesin motor domain and are predicted to interfere with nucleotide binding, although the mechanistic consequences on cell signaling and function are unknown. METHODS: To understand the in vivo genetic mechanism of KIF5B variants, we modeled the p.Thr87Ile variant that was found in two patients in the C. elegans ortholog, unc-116, at the corresponding position (Thr90Ile) by CRISPR/Cas9 editing and performed functional analysis. Next, we studied the cellular and molecular consequences of the recurrent p.Thr87Ile variant by microscopy, RNA and protein analysis in NIH3T3 cells, primary human fibroblasts and bone biopsy. RESULTS: C. elegans heterozygous for the unc-116 Thr90Ile variant displayed abnormal body length and motility phenotypes that were suppressed by additional copies of the wild type allele, consistent with a dominant negative mechanism. Time-lapse imaging of GFP-tagged mitochondria showed defective mitochondria transport in unc-116 Thr90Ile neurons providing strong evidence for disrupted kinesin motor function. Microscopy studies in human cells showed dilated endoplasmic reticulum, multiple intracellular vacuoles, and abnormal distribution of the Golgi complex, supporting an intracellular trafficking defect. RNA sequencing, proteomic analysis, and bone immunohistochemistry demonstrated down regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway that was partially rescued with leucine supplementation in patient cells. CONCLUSION: We report dominant negative variants in the KIF5B kinesin motor domain in individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta. This study expands the spectrum of kinesin-related disorders and identifies dysregulated signaling targets for KIF5B in skeletal development.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

The molecular heterogeneity and diversity of reptilian keratins.

Reptile keratins produce complex electrophoretic patterns, contain a number of size classes, and contain protein fractions analogous to the fractions found in other keratins. Thus, reptile keratins are similar to the heterogenous keratins of birds and mammals, and quite different from amphibian epidermal keratins. This heterogeneity may be related to the multiple functions performed by the epidermis of these organisms. The chemical diversity of reptile keratins seems to depend on the morphological differences between the tissues in which they occur. This situation is also found among these proteins in mammals and birds suggesting that keratin diversity is related to the morphological and presumably functional differentiation of epidermal tissues. The distribution of the keratin fractions in each tissue contributes to this diversity but the significance of these fractional differences is uncertain. A comparison of the half-cystine and glycine content of vertebrate alpha and ø keratins suggests that the alpha and ø proteins of reptiles may be related to the soft alpha keratins of mammals and amphibians. Mammalian hard keratins probably represent a uniquely derived group of proteins which are unlike the other vertebrate keratins. The presence of a "high sulphur" matrix component in both hard mammalian alpha and reptilian ø keratins may represent some form of molecular convergence which provides these distantly related proteins with similar physical or organizational properties.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Use of comprehensive geriatric assessment techniques by community physicians.

BACKGROUND: Research has shown that comprehensive assessment techniques have several clinical benefits for geriatric patients. The purpose of this study was to determine how frequently community practitioners used comprehensive geriatric assessment techniques to identify factors related to use of those techniques. METHODS: The study group included 54% of the 100 community-based family physician preceptors who participate in the University of Mississippi's family medicine training programs. On-site interviews were conducted in each physician's office to measure the percentage of physicians who performed comprehensive geriatric assessment. RESULTS: The majority of physicians employed some selected age-related assessment techniques, but less than 25% performed functional assessment techniques considered unique to the geriatric patient, such as mental status assessment and evaluation of activities of daily living. Most physicians' personal and practice characteristics were unrelated to the use of assessment techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Although many physicians use some techniques of geriatric assessment, most practicing physicians do not perform comprehensive assessment of geriatric patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Rehabilitation and Parkinson's disease.

In this study we evaluated the efficacy of physical therapy together with drug therapy in a group of parkinsonian patients, compared with a group of patients treated using drug therapy only. The physical therapy program lasted four months and included passive and active mobilization exercises, adopted for postural control and equilibrium, walking and prevention of contractures and ankylosis. The assessment was accomplished by means of clinical rating scales and motor performance tests. Patients treated by means of physiotherapy showed an improvement at the end of the study in both clinical scales and motor performance tests. This improvement was noted in both patients with less severe and more severe symptoms as well as in those with shorter and longer disease duration. It is not easy to assess the role played by physical therapy due to the difficulty of an objective evaluation; our results, however, show an improvement in the functional performance of patients and suggest the usefulness of physical therapy associated with drug therapy in a comprehensive treatment for Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Nucleotide sequence of 9.2 kb left of CRY1 on yeast chromosome III from strain AB972: evidence for a Ty insertion and functional analysis of open reading frame YCR28.

We report the 9210 bp sequence from a segment of yeast chromosome III cloned from strain AB972 in lambda PM3270. Analysis of this sequence and its comparison with the one derived from the corresponding segment of strain XJ24-24A revealed that the AB972 region contains a duplication of about 2 kb and a Ty element, which are not found in XJ24-24A and cause a quite significant rearrangement of the whole region. We performed functional analysis of YCR28, the largest open reading frame we found in both AB972 and XJ24-24A. YCR28 encodes a putative protein of 512 amino acids with some similarities to yeast allontoate permease. Its disruption does not cause any detectable phenotype on rich medium or on allantoate medium, while we observed a strain-dependent effect on sensitivity to amino acid balance and to 3-aminotriazole, when cells were grown in synthetic medium.

Amino Acid Sequence↗