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At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Efficiency and safety of an inactivated feline parvovirus vaccine against canine parvovirus infection.

Inactivated feline parvovirus vaccine produced in a continuous feline cell line evoked a protective canine parvovirus antibody titer and prevented virus shedding following challenge in previously seronegative puppies. Post-vaccinal reactions to the vaccine were not observed in laboratory puppies vaccinated with multiple doses of vaccine or in vaccinated puppies from 5 clinics and/or animal shelters.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Undenatured parvovirus B19 antigens are essential for the accurate detection of parvovirus B19 IgG.

Recombinant versions of parvovirus B19 capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 are used for immunodiagnostic assays for detection of antiviral antibodies. The immune response to B19 is characterized by a gradual loss of antibodies directed against linear epitopes of VP2. A similar occurrence for antibodies raised against VP1 protein would represent a limitation to serological assays incorporating denatured versions of either viral antigen. Four detection systems for B19 Ig detection have been developed, including an IgG enzyme immunoassay (EIA) based on undenatured VP2, an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) based on undenatured VP1, a Western blot assay incorporating denatured VP1 and VP2, and an alternative blot system using denatured VP1 but undenatured VP2. Specimens (n=108) were tested by all four systems and identical results were obtained by EIA, IFA, and alternative blot systems, whereby 75/108 (69%) were B19 IgG-positive. Twelve B19 IgG-positive specimens, representing 16% (12/75) of the confirmed positives, did not react to either viral antigens when tested by Western blot. It is concluded that these sera do not react with linear epitopes of VP1 and VP2 antigens. Eighty-five different specimens, which had previously been shown to be both B19 IgM- and IgG-positive by EIA and IFA, were positive by B19 IgM and IgG Western blot. In the IgG Western blot assay, 69 reacted with both VP1 and VP2 and 16 with VP1 only. It is concluded that there is a requirement for at least one undenatured antigen for the immunological detection of B19 IgG.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Expression of goose parvovirus VP1 capsid protein by a baculovirus expression system and establishment of fluorescent antibody test to diagnose goose parvovirus infection.

The gene encoding VP1 capsid protein of a goose parvovirus was cloned into a baculovirus transfer vector and a recombinant baculovirus was produced. The recombinant virus expressed a protein of 88 kDa corresponding to the molecular weight of VP1 protein and the protein was detected by immunoblotting. By indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test, the expressed protein was detected in the nucleus of the insect cells as big granules and electron microscopy also showed several big granules in the nucleus infected with the recombinant virus. The IFA test was developed for screening antibody in Muscovy ducks.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Detection of Goose parvovirus genome by polymerase chain reaction: distribution of Goose parvovirus in Muscovy ducklings.

A portion of the Goose parvovirus (GPV) genome DNA was cloned, sequenced, and primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were prepared. The specificity of the clone was checked by Southern blot hybridization to GPV genome and by in situ hybridization with GPV infected cells. In Muscovy ducklings experimentally infected with the virulent GPV strain IH, the viral genome was detected by PCR on and after 2 days in many tissues including the brain. Using PCR, the primers also detected another GPV strain Ma isolated in Japan.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Chimeric and pseudotyped parvoviruses minimize the contamination of recombinant stocks with replication-competent viruses and identify a DNA sequence that restricts parvovirus H-1 in mouse cells.

Recent studies demonstrated the ability of the recombinant autonomous parvoviruses MVMp (fibrotropic variant of the minute virus of mice) and H-1 to transduce therapeutic genes in tumor cells. However, recombinant vector stocks are contaminated by replication-competent viruses (RCVs) generated during the production procedure. To reduce the levels of RCVs, chimeric recombinant vector genomes were designed by replacing the right-hand region of H-1 virus DNA with that of the closely related MVMp virus DNA and conversely. Recombinant H-1 and MVMp virus pseudotypes were also produced with this aim. In both cases, the levels of RCVs contaminating the virus stocks were considerably reduced (virus was not detected in pseudotyped virus stocks, even after two amplification steps), while the yields of vector viruses produced were not affected. H-1 virus could be distinguished from MVMp virus by its restriction in mouse cells at an early stage of infection prior to detectable viral DNA replication and gene expression. The analysis of the composite viruses showed that this restriction could be assigned to a specific genomic determinant(s). Unlike MVMp virus, H-1 virus capsids were found to be a major determinant of the greater permissiveness of various human cell lines for this virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Studies of parvovirus vaccination in the dog: the performance of live attenuated feline parvovirus vaccines.

The performance of three live attenuated feline parvovirus vaccines licensed for use in the dog was studied. At the end of the primary vaccination course 67 per cent of dogs had inadequate antibody levels (less than or equal to 32) as measured by a haemagglutination inhibition test. Interference by maternal antibody accounted for some of the failures but the fact that there was no significant difference in performance between dogs vaccinated at 12 weeks or 16 weeks of age indicated that maternal antibody was not the only factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[The effectiveness of vaccinating gilts against parvoviruses in a herd with endemic parvovirus infection].

An inactivated vaccine against swine parvovirosis with a lipoid adjuvant was tested in a herd infested with parvoviruses. The titre of the haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies was studied at the time of the first pregnancy in two groups of gilts included in the herd at the age of 7.5 months - one group vaccinated, the other left untreated. In the vaccinated group the geometrical means of the titres were significantly higher than in the non-vaccinated group throughout the time of study. The difference in the average number of piglets per litter between the two groups was evaluated after parturition. On an average, the gilts of the vaccinated group had 1.5 more live pigs per litter (P less than 0.05). As also found, when the antibody titre increases by log 10, the number of piglets per litter increases by 1.55. On the basis of the results the vaccination of gilts against swine parvovirosis in endemically infested herds is considered an efficient preventive measure having a high economic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Parvovirus enteritis and myocarditis in a confined colony of beagles. (The 1st detection of parvovirus infection in Czechoslovakia].

A description of the findings in a parvoviral epizooty, having occurred in a confined colony of 250 Beagle dogs in the autum and winter 1979-1980 and in 1981, is presented. 5 of the four month-old and older dogs perished in the course of an enteritic form of infection; 5 puppies, younger than 3 months, belonging to a group of 12 puppies derived from two infected litters, died in consequence of a parvoviral myocarditis. The simultaneous occurrence of myocarditis and enteritis was observed in a 9 day-old puppy. Among the seven remaining animals, two dogs were sacrificed at the ages of 18 and 23 months, respectively. Scars were found in the wall of the left ventricle of both of them. Parvoviral enteritis preceded the occurrence of parvoviral myocarditis. Characteristic intramuscular inclusions were demonstrated both in the enterocytes and in the myocardial cells. Electronmicroscopically particles of the size of the parvoviruses could be demonstrated in the nuclei of the myocardial cells, on one hand, and regressive changes of the nuclear components observed on the other hand.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The "other" parvovirus: first description of the minute virus of canines (Canine parvovirus type 1) in Germany].

During an investigation of a late abortion in a Yorkshire terrier minute virus of canines (MVC) antigen could be demonstrated in fetal tissues by immunofluorescence. The bitch had a high specific anti-MVC serum titer when tested about four weeks after the abortion. Those results implicate an etiological role of MVC in this abortion and to our knowledge it presents the first described case of a MVC-associated abortion in Germany.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1992

Transient aplastic crisis in patients with sickle cell disease. B19 parvovirus studies during a 7-year period.

OBJECTIVE: To determine (1) the proportion of cases of transient aplastic crisis (TAC) in patients with sickle cell disease due to B19 parvovirus infection in several years, (2) longitudinally, the immune response to B19 parvovirus infection, and (3) whether patients with sickle cell disease experience recurrent or chronic B19 parvovirus infection. DESIGN: Prospective evaluation of patients with sickle cell disease and TAC to find evidence of B19 parvovirus infection and, if present, to document the pattern of serologic response with time. SETTING: Large urban teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Patients younger than 18 years with sickle cell disease who were admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of TAC or who developed TAC while in the hospital for other reasons. Follow-up serologic studies of B19 parvovirus infection were done in eight patients. MEASUREMENTS/MAIN RESULTS: Serum was tested for B19 parvovirus DNA/viral particles and specific anti-B19 parvovirus IgM and IgG antibodies. B19 parvovirus DNA/viral particles were detected in 11 (21%) of 53 patients with TAC. Specific anti-B19 parvovirus IgM antibodies were detected in 34 (64%) of the 53 patients. Overall, 36 (68%) of 53 patients with TAC had evidence of acute B19 parvovirus infection as shown by the detection of B19 DNA parvovirus and/or specific anti-B19 parvovirus IgM antibodies in acute-phase serum. Follow-up serologic studies in eight patients with acute infection revealed disappearance of B19 parvovirus DNA/viral particles and anti-B19 parvovirus IgM antibodies and persistence of anti-B19 parvovirus IgG antibodies for up to 3 1/2 years after the diagnosis of acute B19 parvovirus infection. No patient had evidence of recurrent or chronic B19 parvovirus infection. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 70% of cases of TAC in patients with sickle cell disease identified in a 7-year period were caused by acute B19 parvovirus infection. Once detected, anti-B19 parvovirus IgG antibodies remain detectable for several years. There was no evidence of chronic or recurrent B19 parvovirus infection in patients with sickle cell disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polymerase chain reaction amplification of archival material for parvovirus B19 in children with transient erythroblastopenia of childhood.

The relationship between transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC) and parvovirus B19 infection remains uncertain. Large series using primarily serologic evaluation have not shown an association, whereas smaller series have reported parvovirus B19 infection in such patients. Further, parvovirus DNA or antigen has been detected in some patients seronegative for the virus at presentation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification has never been used to evaluate patients with TEC for parvovirus B19. We used the PCR in an attempt to detect parvovirus B19 in DNA extracted from archived bone marrow coverslips of 16 patients diagnosed with TEC. The patients ranged in age from 3 to 23 months and presented with a mean hemoglobin value of 5.4 g/dL. Sixty-nine percent were neutropenic and none was thrombocytopenic. None of the patients had histologic evidence of parvovirus B19 infection in the bone marrow. DNA amplification for parvovirus B19 was negative in each case. In contrast, parvovirus B19DNA was amplified from DNA isolated from archived bone marrow coverslips of a patient with known parvovirus B19 infection, indicating that the PCR assay was sufficiently sensitive to detect virus from archieved bone marrow coverslips. Review of the literature indicates that the patients with parvovirus-associated TEC are generally older and often present with concomitant thrombocytopenia, whereas patients with parvovirus B19-negative TEC are younger and present without thrombocytopenia, similar to the patients in our study. Our results suggest that parvovirus B19 is not the cause of anemia in the young patient with typical features of TEC. Rather, parvovirus B19 infection of older, previously healthy children may occasionally cause a protracted anemia, often with thrombocytopenia, which may be diagnosed by some as TEC.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of bovine parvovirus.

We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of bovine parvovirus (BPV), an autonomous parvovirus. The sequence is 5,491 nucleotides long. The terminal regions contain nonidentical imperfect palindromic sequences of 150 and 121 nucleotides. In the plus strand, there are three large open reading frames (left ORF, mid ORF, and right ORF) with coding capacities of 729, 255, and 685 amino acids, respectively. As with all parvoviruses studied to date, the left ORF of BPV codes for the nonstructural protein NS-1 and the right ORF codes for the major parts of the three capsid proteins. The mid ORF probably encodes the major part of the nonstructural protein NP-1. There are promoterlike sequences at map units 4.5, 12.8, and 38.7 and polyadenylation signals at map units 61.6, 64.6, and 98.5. BPV has little DNA homology with the defective parvovirus AAV, with the human autonomous parvovirus B19, or with the other autonomous parvoviruses sequenced (canine parvovirus, feline panleukopenia virus, H-1, and minute virus of mice). Even though the overall DNA homology of BPV with other parvoviruses is low, several small regions of high homology are observed when the amino acid sequences encoded by the left and right ORFs are compared. From these comparisons, it can be shown that the evolutionary relationship among the parvoviruses is B19 in equilibrium with AAV in equilibrium with BPV in equilibrium with MVM. The highly conserved amino acid sequences observed among all parvoviruses may be useful in the identification and detection of parvoviruses and in the design of a general parvovirus vaccine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Detection of human parvovirus B19 in early spontaneous abortuses using serology, histology, electron microscopy, in situ hybridization, and the polymerase chain reaction.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is an association between parvovirus B19 infection and early spontaneous abortion at less than 20 weeks' gestation. METHODS: Eighty samples of early spontaneous abortions were analyzed. Each sample was examined histologically for the presence of viral inclusions, and selected cases were analyzed for parvovirus using electron microscopy and in situ hybridization. Polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification for the virus was done in each case. Maternal sera were analyzed for immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG parvovirus antibodies and compared with temporally matched controls. RESULTS: Five cases in the study group had evidence of seroconversion for parvovirus, compared with two controls. Products of conception from two of these five cases were positive for virus by polymerase chain reaction amplification, and only one of these two had a characteristic inclusion of parvovirus histologically. Conversely, five chorionic vesicles from mothers who had not seroconverted had histologic changes suggesting parvovirus infection, but all of these cases were negative for parvovirus using in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, and electron microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Parvovirus B19 DNA was found in two of 80 early spontaneous abortuses. Although viral DNA was detected in two cases, there was no clear evidence that the infections caused fetal death. Neither case showed erythroblastosis with large numbers of inclusions, as is seen in hydropic fetuses with parvovirus infection. In addition, in five cases in which parvovirus infection was not documented serologically or by the polymerase chain reaction, there was erythroid nuclear clearing suggestive of parvovirus B19 inclusions. This indicates that histologic evaluation for parvoviral inclusions is not always reliable in early spontaneous abortuses.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗