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Results for “ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Survival and recovery: psychoanalytic reflections.

This paper offers a critical review of the psychoanalytic literature on the Holocaust. In keeping with its emphasis on recovery, it describes the mechanisms involved in psychological survival under extreme conditions. It is postulated that these mechanisms constituted a link in the psychic continuity between the survivors' pre-Holocaust psychological organization and their adaptations to a new life.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1975

Depression in elderly patients.

Depression is a common reaction to the vicissitudes of life among elderly people. Aged persons are physiologically and psychologically less able to adapt, yet they are required to change their life styles because of retirement, lowered financial resources, death of family and friends, and illness. Although many mental health professionals are reluctant to treat geropsychiatric patients, the prognosis for depressed patients can be good. Drug therapy is usually the most effective, although psychotherapy and other behavioral therapies may be used adjunctively. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be indicated for severely depressed patients. The beginning dosage of medication should be lower than for younger patients, and elderly patients must be monitored carefully for side effects. Adverse reactions due to multiple drug interactions are also possible. When aged persons become severely depressed, they are at high risk of suicide; almost all suicide attempts by elderly people are successfl. Depression in later life is treatable, and the pessimism that often surrounds the prognosis for geropsychiatric patients is unwarranted.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Returning to school after heart or heart-lung transplantation: how well do children adjust?

BACKGROUND: Up to 40% of children and adolescents with chronic illness experience school-related problems, including learning difficulties and problems in social adjustment and peer relationships. Despite the life-threatening nature of heart and heart-lung transplantation and the severity of illness, which results in the necessity for surgery, there is little information on the school performance of children after transplantation. METHODS: Eighty-one children and adolescents were assessed with regard to their academic attainments and behavior at school at regular intervals after heart (n=47) or heart-lung (n=34) transplantation and comparisons made with a group of healthy children. RESULTS: Cognitive ability and performance on academic attainments were within the normal range and did not change significantly as a function of time since transplant. However, performance was at a significantly lower level than that of the healthy children. Although the prevalence of behavior problems was only 8% at 6 months posttransplant, at 3 years, it had increased to 29% and, at 5 years, it was still 27%. Children with an initial diagnosis of congenital heart disease had more academic and behavioral difficulties than those with either cardiomyopathy or cystic fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of children who had undergone successful transplantation experienced difficulties at school. Contrary to expectations, educational problems were more prevalent in the medium term, rather than short term, after transplant. Initial diagnosis was a salient factor in posttransplant psychological functioning at school. Early intervention and close liaison with schools is indicated to reduce psychological morbidity and enhance adaptation within the school environment.

Absenteeism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health-related hardiness and chronic illness: a synthesis of current research.

TOPIC: A critical analysis of the relationship between health-related hardiness and chronic illnesses based on a review of the literature. PURPOSE: To synthesize the current literature in order to provide an understanding of the state of knowledge and the implications for nursing regarding health-related hardiness and chronic illness. SOURCES: Three computerized databases, which yielded 125 articles published from 1966 to 2002. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the health-related hardiness characteristic was significantly related to psychological, psychosocial, and physiologic adaptation. Higher levels of hardiness had positive outcomes in patients with chronic illness. The implications are that the current knowledge base regarding health-related hardiness and chronic illness could be used to assist patients who have to manage not only one but also multiple chronic illnesses.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2026

Post-Breakup Instagram Surveillance: Attachment Style, Personality Traits, and Breakup Distress as Predictors.

The end of a romantic relationship is one of the most emotionally challenging life events. Social media platforms such as Instagram enable users to monitor an ex-partner, a behavior known as Interpersonal Electronic Surveillance (IES), which may complicate coping. This study examined associations with retrospectively reported IES on Instagram during the first 3 weeks post-breakup, focusing on attachment, personality, and breakup-related emotional distress. Previous studies suggest that higher anxious attachment and emotional distress are related to increased monitoring behaviors on Facebook. The present research extends this approach to Instagram, a popular platform among Generation Z, and additionally examines personality factors. Data from N = 232 participants (aged 18-27 years; 84 percent women), who had experienced a breakup within the past year and followed their ex-partner on Instagram, were collected using a cross-sectional online questionnaire. The survey included standardized measures and self-constructed items. Hierarchical regression analyses including breakup-related variables, mediation analyses, and independent-samples t-tests were conducted. Due to extremely low internal consistency, Agreeableness was excluded from inferential analyses. The analyses indicated that Extraversion was the only personality trait directly associated with increased IES. Attachment styles showed no direct associations after emotional distress was included in the model. Emotional distress emerged as the most consistent factor associated with IES, showing patterns consistent with indirect associations involving Neuroticism and anxious attachment, suggesting a central role of emotional distress in post-breakup surveillance behavior. These findings highlight digital monitoring as a potentially maladaptive coping strategy and underscore the importance of addressing social media use in post-breakup adjustment.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

An integrated psychological strategy for advanced colorectal cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: There is evidence regarding the usefulness of psychosocial intervention to improve health related quality of life (HRQOL) in adult cancer patients. The aim of this report is to describe an integrated approach and to evaluate its feasibility in routine clinical practice in 98 advanced colorectal cancer (ACC) patients during chronomodulated chemotherapy. METHODS: A prospective non-randomised design was developed and applied in a cancer out-patient setting. The intervention consisted of an integrated approach, whereby the psycho-oncologist had an active role in the health care team with the physician and routinely included psychological understanding in the medical treatment program. The psychological evaluation assessed: a) adaptation, awareness, psychopathological disorders through a psychodynamic interview; b) anxiety and depression using the HAD scale; c) subjective perception of care quality through a structured interview and d) HRQOL evaluation assessment with the EORTC QLQ C30. Outcomes data were collected before and after 18 weeks of chemotherapy. RESULTS: After 18 weeks of chemotherapy a significant improvement of adaptation and awareness was observed. The HADs results showed a significant decrease in anxiety when compared to pre-treatment. The structured interview showed a significant increase of patients who positively experienced the impact of medical treatment on HRQOL, anxiety, depression, interpersonal relationships, free-time and who positively experienced the care quality. Indeed, a majority of patients positively experienced the team relationship modality during the whole treatment. All scales on the EORTC questionnaire remained unchanged during the entire treatment. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that it is feasible to carry out an integrated approach during chemotherapy. These results seem to support the integrated approach as a tool in aiding advanced colorectal cancer patients' ability to cope with their diagnosis and treatment although an appropriately designed study is required to confirm this.

Adaptation, Psychological↗