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PubMed1987

Metabolism of taurine during reproduction in women.

The pattern of excretion of taurine was measured in four omnivore and four vegan/vegetarian women during pregnancy and lactation, and was compared with the changes in urinary excretion of other amino acids, including the precursors of endogenous taurine, observed in ten pregnant omnivores. The loss of taurine in breast milk was also determined in fourteen omnivore and fourteen vegan mothers. In contrast to the rise in excretion of all amino acids during pregnancy, including methionine and cysteine, taurine excretion fell dramatically from week 9 of pregnancy in all subjects, and, in the vegan/vegetarian subjects, fell still further during lactation. Although the concentration of taurine in breast milk was lower in vegan subjects, the mean value fell within the range found in omnivore subjects. Our findings indicate that the suppression of urinary taurine excretion, both during pregnancy and lactation, is a physiological response to reproduction that satisfies the needs of the fetus and the suckling infant for this amino acid. The data also suggest that taurine is stored in the maternal tissues in early pregnancy for later transfer to the fetus.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Investigations on the pathogenesis of distal renal tubular acidosis (author's transl)].

In distal (type 1) RTA, renal acid excretion is impaired by the inability to establish adequate pH gradients between plasma and distal tubular fluid at any level of acidosis. Main clinical signs in infancy are anorexia, vomiting and failure to thrive. Despite low serum bicarbonate levels the renal threshold of bicarbonate is normal, while urinary pH levels are high even with values below the threshold. Under conditions of bicarbonate-induced systemic alkalosis urinary the pCO2 exceeds blood pCO2 in normal subjects. by contrast, the urinary pCO2 tension is not significantly greater in distal RTA, indicating a failure of the cells of the distal nephron to secrete hydrogen ions even without a gradient. Red cell carbonic anhydrase is within the normal range, whilst the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity has no effect on distal tubular function. Until now no histological or enzymatic defect could be detected to explain the ineffective acidification. Bicarbonate loading is followed by a lowering of calcium excretion to within the normal range and a decrease in the uncharacteristic renal hyperaminoaciduria.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗