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PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic lead poisoning-- a" forgotten" cause of anemia].

We present the case of a female patient with a chronic hypersideremic anemia associated with digestive and neurological symptoms, with a long time ignored toxic history. The diagnose was based on very high levels of lead in serum and urine, very high levels of D-aminolaevulinic acid in the urine, and the presence of basophilic stippling of erythrocytes in the smear of the patient. Lead intoxication was due to ingestion of home-made alcohol (domestic devices made from lead mixtures) and of yogurt preserved in lead-glazed mugs.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Microbiological monitoring activities: a report in a food-crockery-cleaning factory].

The purpose of this report is to describe the checks, the methods and the results obtained in a crockery-cleaning and polishing factory. Investigating the most important biological index for food contamination (e.g. T.B.C., Yeast, Mould), in order to determine the presence/absence of biological agent and to obtain good results in terms of hygiene and health.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2004

Childhood lead poisoning from commercially manufactured French ceramic dinnerware--New York City, 2003.

Lead poisoning adversely affects children worldwide. During 1999-2000, an estimated 434,000 children aged 1-5 years in the United States had elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) >/=10 microg/dL. Glazes found on ceramics, earthenware, bone china, and porcelain often contain lead and are a potential source of lead exposure. Children are especially vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of lead. Exposures to lead in early childhood can have adverse effects on the developing nervous system, resulting in decreased intelligence and changes in behavior. In addition, certain behaviors (e.g., thumb sucking) place children at greater risk for exposure to lead. In 2003, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's Lead Poisoning Prevention Program (LPPP), and the Mount Sinai Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit (PEHSU) investigated a case of lead poisoning in a boy aged 20 months. This report summarizes that case investigation, which identified ceramic dinnerware imported from France as the source of lead exposure. This case underscores the susceptibility of children to a toxic exposure associated with 1) the high proportion of time spent in the home and 2) dietary habits that promote exposure to lead leached from ceramic ware.

Ceramics↗
PubMed2003

Comparative study of lung function in Iranian factory workers exposed to silica dust.

The study compared lung function among 322 workers in pottery, ceramic, stone-cutter and stone-grinder factories in the west of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Concentrations of silica particles <2 microm were measured in the ambient air of factories. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were significantly lower in stone-grinders compared with pottery, ceramic or stone-cutter workers and a control group. No difference in lung function was found in pottery and stone-cutter workers with less than 20 years occupation compared with controls. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms in stone-grinders was higher than other workers. The concentration of silica particles of stone-grinder factories was 40-110 times higher than in ceramic and potteries factories. More attention is needed to ventilation systems and health care of stone-grinders.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed2004

[Simultaneous determination of Pb, Cd, Cr and Co released from ceramic ware by ICP-AES].

The method for the determination of Pb, Cd, Cr and Co released from ceramic ware by ICP-AES has been presented. The factors such as the influence of power in 4% acetic acid, the selection of analytical wavelength, and the interference of coexistent element have been investigated. The detection limits were 6.8 microg x L(-1) for Pb, 0.18 microg x L(-1) for Cd, 0.61 microg x L(-1) for Cr, 1.0 microg x L(-1) for Co. The recovery rates of the procedure were between 98% and 104%. The RSDs were between 0.27% and 1.24%. The method was simple, rapid, precise, convenient and suitable for daily inspection of import and export ceramic ware.

Cadmium↗
PubMed2005

Unusual high levels of ciclosporin in a female patient--the impact of lifestyle?

Continuous monitoring of ciclosporin whole blood levels is essential to be aware of any change in drug pharmacokinetics due to interaction with additionally applied drugs, phytochemical drugs or nutritional and environmental factors. While monitoring ciclosporin levels in a 23-year old Caucasian woman diagnosed to have focal segmental glomerulosclerosis a 6-fold higher value than expected was measured. Because the kind and the dose of prescribed drugs were unchanged a drug to drug interaction could be ruled out. Additionally, phytochemical drugs, antibiotics, antimycotics or nutritional factors such as grapefruit juice as well as alcohol and tobacco were denied by the patient. She kept her protein and sodium poor diet free of citrus fruits, rare in meat and rich in vegetables unchanged before and during the course of the unexpected high ciclosporin levels. As the elevated ciclosporin levels were closely related to her cooking habits by means of a brand new steamer we advised her to refrain from preparing her vegetarian meals in this steamer. Since then ciclosporin levels were again in relation to the administered dosage without any episode of unexpected high ciclosporin values. Repeating the experiment some weeks later no episode of unexpected high ciclosporin values occurred. Unfortunately we could only identify the cause (steamer) but not the definite reason why. The report illustrates that the bioavailability of ciclosporin may not only be influenced by drug to drug interactions with prescribed or phytochemical drugs and herbal remedies but also by some yet unknown or unidentified factors or chemicals induced or altered by eating and cooking behavior or lifestyle in general. Therefore a careful assessment of the patient's anamnestic data and lifestyle combined with an unorthodox way of thinking as well as close-meshed drug monitoring is essential to obtain the desired pharmacologic effects and to avoid adverse toxic effects.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The effect of different methods of drinking a carbonated beverage on the pH of dental plaque: an in vivo study.

PURPOSE: Fizzy drinks are known to be erosive or cariogenic, but little is known about the ways of reducing their harmfulness by altering the method of drinking. The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in plaque pH, at different time intervals in vivo after consuming a carbonated beverage (sprite, pH = 2.98) with plastic glass, straw and directly from bottle. DESIGN: A clinical study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteen subjects aged 18-25 years were recruited for the study and were divided randomly into three groups, six in each (group A- plastic glass, B- straw and C- directly from bottle) after the salivary pH was measured. Subjects were requested to refrain from brushing for 24 hours prior to the study. Collection of pooled plaque was done before and after consuming the drink at five, 10-, 20- and 30-minute intervals. Plaque pH was assessed by glass combination electrode. ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Highest mean pH drop (5.29) was recorded when consumed with plastic glass at all time intervals. There was a significant difference between group A and B at 5 min and 10 min (P < 0.05). However, no difference was seen between group B and C, A and C (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of a straw and direct consumption of beverage from the bottle could limit harmful effects on dentition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Iron concentration and acceptation of yoghurt prepared in casting iron pots (iron migration and acceptation of yogurt)].

Food fortification is an interesting strategy to treat and prevent iron anemia. This study aims to quantify the iron in yoghurt, with gelatin and sugar and without, prepared in iron and glass containers. Sensorial test was use to evaluate the acceptance and preference of the both products. The yoghurt was prepared in containers of iron and glass with UHT milk, powder milk and natural industrialized yoghurt. After fermentation, half of the product received addition of sugar and strawberry flavor gelatin. The collected samples get the total iron quantified by ICP OES. Sensorial analysis involving 105 consumers was use to determine the acceptance and preference of the products. 0,018 and 0,882mg of iron per 100g added in the natural yoghurt prepared in the glass and in the iron pots, respectively. The yoghurt with gelatin presented 0,037 and 1,302mg of iron per 100g when prepared in the glass and in the iron pots, respectively. The preference was low for the yoghurt prepared in the iron pot (29,5%), but when added strawberry gelatin it was about 51,5%. The yoghurt prepared in iron pots, is easily home made and adds important amount of iron. Add gelatin and sugar can favored its consumption.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the bacteriological safety of wares made from different metals].

The determination of the integral toxicity of a liquid after its contact with different metallic wares could provide a comparative assessment of the hazards of this ware to living organisms. The distilled water and physiological solution exposed to silverware even for a short period of time (15 min) proved to be deleterious to the specially selected bacterial strains differing in their resistance to different chemical substances while aluminum ware was quite harmless to them after their long (4-day) standing of liquids.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed2006

[Microbiological quality of the air in "small gastronomy point"].

The aim of this work was the estimation of microbial contamination of the air in "small gastronomy point". The study included three places, which have been separated on the ground of their function: 1. area of subsidiaries, 2. area of distribution (sale and serving meal), 3. area of consumption. The total numbers of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, yeasts and moulds were determined by sedimentation method. Taxonomy units of fungal aerosol were also estimated. The samples of air were collected in 16 investigation points in the morning (8-8.30) and in the afternoon (14-14.30). Four series of measurements were carried out and in general 128 of air samples were tested. The results showed that numbers of bacteria, yeasts and moulds were variable and received respectively 30-3397, 0-254 and 0-138 cfu x m(-3). Microbial contamination of air changed depending on area character (the highest average count of bacteria occurred in the air of consumption area and fungi in subsidiaries area), time of a day (contamination of the air increased in the afternoon) and determination date. Only in single samples the numbers of bacteria and fungi were higher than recommended level. Pigmentary bacteria had high participation in total count of bacteria and filamentous fungi were represented mostly by Penicillium sp. and Cladosporium sp.

Air Microbiology↗