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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A damping system for under fives' weigh scales.

In under fives' clinics, an accurate weight chart can be difficult to obtain when using a spring balance weighing scale. Movements, especially those of the fractious, malnourished child, cause continued oscillation of the scale pointer. Tests showed that needle oscillation is greatly reduced both in frequency and amplitude, by the simple addition of a loop of cycle inner tube between the weigh scales and the weighing trousers. This in turn enables a quicker and more accurate completion of the weight chart.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1992

Solvent damping of internal processes in myoglobin studied by specific heat spectroscopy and flash photolysis.

We address the question of dynamic coupling between protein and solvent by comparing the enthalpy relaxation of the solvent (75% v/v glycerol-water) to internal ligand binding in myoglobin. When the solvent relaxation is slow compared to intramolecular events we observe decoupling of protein motions from the solvent. In the opposite limit there is a significant contribution of the solvent to internal friction. The solvent enhances the apparent activation energy of transitions in myoglobin. This result is discussed in terms of a generalized Kramer's law involving a dynamic friction coefficient.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Relating damped oscillations to sustained limit cycles describing real and ideal batch fermentation processes.

A batch fermentation model is presented in which the specific growth rate and yield functions are chosen such that sustained oscillations in both the cell and substrate concentration occur. This phenomenon is shown to be a Hopf bifurcation in the underlying system of non-linear ordinary differential equations which comprises the model. It is shown that for oscillations in the substrate concentration to occur it is necessary for the yield term to depend on both the cell and substrate levels.

Cell Count↗
PubMed2005

"The walls were so damp and cold" fuel poverty and ill health in Northern Ireland: results from a housing intervention.

This article reports the findings from an evaluation of a fuel poverty programme in the Armagh and Dungannon Health Action Zone in Northern Ireland. Focusing on a rural community, it adds to the debate surrounding the hidden nature of rural fuel poverty. As part of the programme, energy efficiency measures, including some central heating systems, were installed in 54 homes. Surveys were conducted both pre and post intervention and analysed to assess any changes. The programme demonstrated that energy efficiency intervention can lead to improvements in health and well being, increased comfort levels in the home and a reduction in the use of health services, therefore having potential cost savings for the NHS. Some households, however, remain in fuel poverty after having full central heating installed, reflecting the significant contribution of low income on the production of fuel poverty. The article concludes by suggesting that interventions in this area require commitment from multiple sectors of society, including health professionals and local communities.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed2005

Rapid damping of food-entrained circadian rhythm of clock gene expression in clock-defective peripheral tissues under fasting conditions.

Restricted feeding-induced free-running oscillation of clock genes in the liver was studied in homozygous Clock-mutant (Clock/Clock) mice. Similar to wild-type mice, Clock/Clock mice showed robust food-anticipatory behavioral activity in accordance with a restricted feeding schedule. Also, the peak of all clock gene mRNAs tested was phase-advanced in the liver of Clock/Clock mice as well as wild-type mice, although the amplitude of clock gene expression was low in Clock/Clock mice. The food-anticipatory behavioral rhythm in Clock/Clock mice maintained a period similar to wild-type mice during 2-day fasting after the cessation of restricted feeding. However, during the fasting days after temporal feeding cues were removed, the oscillation of clock genes in the liver and heart, excluding the suprachiasmatic nuclei, appeared to result in arrhythmicity in Clock/Clock mice. Thus, although the CLOCK-based molecular mechanism is not required for the expression of food-anticipatory activity, intact CLOCK protein might be involved in sustaining several cycles of peripheral circadian oscillations after restricted feeding-induced resetting.

ARNTL Transcription Factors↗
PubMed2004

Hydrodynamic damping of a magnetically oscillated cantilever close to a surface.

We studied the frequency response of a magnetically driven atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever close to a sample surface in liquids. Amplitude-frequency (tuning) curves showed pronounced differences in dependence on the tip-sample separation (from 1 to 50 microm), with significant shifts of the resonance peak. A model was developed in which the cantilever was described in a full shape manner and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the cantilever were approximately calculated. The slight inclination of the cantilever to the surface (alpha approximately 15 degrees) leads to a force profile along the cantilever. Therefore, the mathematical problem can be strictly solved only numerically. For an approximate analytical solution, the hydrodynamic force profile was approximated by a constant force along the cantilever for large separations and by a point force acting on the tip of the cantilever for small separations. The theoretical results calculated within this model agreed well with the experimental data and allowed to determine the cantilever mass in liquid M*, the joint mass at the tip end m*t, and the coefficient of viscous interaction of the cantilever with free liquid, gamma(infinity).

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Parametric control of fingertip forces during precision grip lifts in children with DCD (developmental coordination disorder) and DAMP (deficits in attention motor control and perception).

Twenty boys with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), 11 of whom had associated attention deficit disorder (ADD), were compared with an age-matched control group of 12 boys to examine mechanisms that adapt the grip force at the digit-object interface in a precision grip task. An experimental grip object equipped with pressure transducers registered the grip forces (normal to the surface) and the load force (tangential to the surface) generated by the fingertips. The surface of the object was changed to vary the frictional properties. Both study groups exhibited disturbances of the basic coordination of forces in the initial phase of the movement, manifested by longer time latencies and higher force levels than the control group. All subjects were able to adapt the force output in response to the friction at the digit-object interface. Higher grip forces and safety margins were documented for the DCD group in comparison to the controls. Furthermore, there was greater variation in the parametric control of the grip force in the DCD group. The results suggest that the control of the grip force is similar in children with DCD, regardless of whether they have associated ADD or not, but it is impaired in comparison to that of controls.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1999

Different motor systems use similar damped extraretinal eye position information.

Extraretinal eye position information (EEPI) shifts the directional significance of retinal loci by an angle roughly equal to that of an associated saccade, with the shift reported to begin 0-250 ms before the saccade and to continue apace with the saccade, or sluggishly, over a period as much as an order of magnitude longer. These different estimates of remapping initiation and duration could be due to various factors, including different localizing responses, retinal loci of probe flashes, and saccade target predictability. We compared manual and gaze pointing to probe flashes at controlled retinal loci under identical stimulus conditions and in the same subjects, and found that EEPI was similar: both hand and gaze pointing EEPI shifted over about 140 ms, beginning about 50 ms before the saccade. For both pointing responses, remapping appeared to be initiated later for parafoveal loci than for loci 10 degrees to either side. We found no effect of saccade target predictability. We show that variability in EEPI and sensory processing only slightly (approximately 5%) inflates estimates of EEPI shift duration. Based on our results, and comparisons with recent studies, we argue that similar EEPI parameters apply to hand pointing, eye pointing and visual comparisons, and that remaining differences across studies can reasonably be attributed to differences in stimulus conditions.

Fixation, Ocular↗