PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “INSEMINATION, ARTIFICIAL”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Laparoscopic findings in twenty-five failures of artificial insemination.

The laparoscopic findings, treatment, and follow-up of 25 patients who failed artificial insemination donor (AID) were retrospectively evaluated. A high incidence (72%) of abnormal pelvic findings was encountered. Endometriosis was found in 60% and pelvic adhesions in 12% of the patients. The incidence of these two entities was not significantly different from their incidence in patients with unexplained infertility in the same institution (44% for endometriosis and 36% for adhesions). After surgical or medical treatment, a pregnancy rate of 22.2% (16.6% for endometriosis and 66.6% for pelvic adhesions) was achieved in patients with positive pelvic findings; in the group with negative pelvic findings, a pregnancy rate of 20% was achieved. The value of diagnostic laparoscopy in AID failures is discussed in the light of the findings presented and the relatively low rate of post-treatment pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The effect of artificial insemination once versus twice per day.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inseminating Jersey cows and heifers once per day or according to the a.m.-p.m. rule. A total of 337 artificial inseminations (AI) were completed by three technicians at the University of Tennessee Dairy Experiment Station at Lewisburg for 6 mo. Cows and heifers were inseminated at estrus using the a.m.-p.m. rule on even days of the month. On odd days of the month, AI were once daily between 0800 and 1200 h. Estrus detection was conducted two to three times daily. Pregnancy was confirmed by rectal palpation 60 to 80 d after AI. Herd DHIA averages were a 12.2-mo calving interval, 76 d to first AI, 83% observed estruses, and a 50% conception rate during the trial. Pregnancy data were analyzed with a model including treatment, AI, lactation number, parity, technician, and group. This study grouped cows and heifers according to when they were in estrus and inseminated (a.m.-a.m., a.m.-p.m., or p.m.-a.m.); means were 43.7, 57.9, and 59.0%, respectively. The a.m.-p.m. AI versus once per day AI yielded a pregnancy rate of 55.6% versus 51.3%. These results show no difference among Jersey cows or heifers that were inseminated artificially once daily in the a.m. However, those cows and heifers inseminated in the a.m. of first estrus detection had a lower pregnancy rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The frequency of consanguineous matings due to multiple use of donors in artificial insemination.

The amount of inadvertent inbreeding as a result of donor anonymity in artificial insemination has been estimated. A child from a first-cousin mating or closer is expected approximately once every 41/2 years in the United States as a result of artificial insemination by donor. Since a child with unknown paternity seems less likely to mate with paternal relatives than is a child with known paternity, artificial insemination by donor may actually reduce the average inbreeding of the population. Nevertheless, to reduce recessive diseases, inbreeding should be kept to a minimum by limiting the number of children produced by a single donor. Formulas are presented for local risks of inbreeding based on the number of children per donor.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1979

The value of hysterosalpingography prior to donor artificial insemination.

The value of hysterosalpingography as a tool in the pretreatment evaluation of candidates for donor artificial insemination has been retrospectively evaluated. In 89 consecutive artificial inseminations by donor candidates, hysterosalpingograms were evaluated for genital tract abnormalities. In only four of these studies was there a failure of dye to spill into the peritoneal cavity. The low incidence of significantly abnormal hysterosalpingographic studies, and the failure of these studies to correlate with pregnancy outcome, strongly argues against the use of hysterosalpingography in the preliminary evaluation of the patient considered for donor artificial insemination.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Artificial insemination with donor semen in gynaecological office practice (author's transl)].

Artificial insemination with donor semen (AID) is by no means rare in present gynaecological office practice. When fresh semen is used the success rate is satisfactory. 64 women were treated, 47 patients became pregnant. 4 women conceived twice. There were 3 pairs of twins in 51 pregnancies. Of the 64 treated women 3 had an early abortion. One of these patients conceived a second time and had a term delivery of a healthy infant. The abortion rate was around 4% and therefore much less than the comparable abortion rate of 13.5% in series with frozen semen. The 47 mothers had 51 healthy newborns within 66 months. The success rate was approximately 75% for the 48 term pregnancies in the 64 treated patients. This success rate is better than that quoted by Bergman of 38%. The mean age of all pregnant women was 30.02 years. The mean age of women which required additional hormonal therapy was 32.09 years, the mean age of pregnant women without hormonal therapy was 28.45 years.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1977

Artificial insemination with the husband's semen after the husband's death.

Artificial insemination using the husband's semen (AIH) has always seemed more acceptable than the same procedure using donor semen. However, the layman may not even have thought of the legal problems or the moral dilemma if in fact a woman is inseminated using her husband's frozen semen after his death. In the USA there are already sperm banks set up by private individuals, generally for the use of those marriage partners when the husband has had a vasectomy and afterwards a child is desired. If such private sperm banks were set up in Britain complex legal problems would follow, quite apart from the moral issue as to whether it was desirable to bring a child into the world deliberately having deprived him of a father from the start. These are the issues which Mr Cusine thinks should be carefully considered before doctors, lawyers and the women potentially concerned are confronted with a new dilemma.

Death↗
PubMed2001

Results of 6139 artificial insemination cycles with donor spermatozoa.

BACKGROUND: Artificial insemination by donor spermatozoa (AID) can prove a valuable treatment for a number of male factor disorders, although its success rate is variable. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the results of 6139 cycles performed in 1001 women during an 18 year period is presented. Pregnancy rates per cycle are presented as a function of: female fertility history, treatment modalities, medication used for induction of ovulation, female age, year of treatment, consecutive cycle effect and the use of fresh versus frozen-thawed spermatozoa. RESULTS: Overall pregnancy rate of 12.6% and cumulative pregnancy rate after 12 months of treatment of 75% were achieved. Age was found to be the most important determinant for success rate. CONCLUSIONS: Since the establishment of AID treatments, the mean age of the population of women receiving treatment has increased each year. Consequently, success rate did not improve, even with the use of more sophisticated medical modalities.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2002

[The importance of the physician after successful artificial insemination by donor].

A treatment by artificial insemination by donor because of male infertility represents a drastic experience for the affected couples. Imaginations concerning the importance of the anonymous donor or the physician were already picked out as a central theme in the past. In some studies, for example, these imaginations were thought to have an adverse effect on the satisfaction in the partnership as well as for the development of the child. Aim of the examination on hand was the current meaning of the treating physician six years after treatment and his position in the self-system of the couples concerned. 15 successful couples could be examined by Repertory Grid method. The results of this study showed, that the physician had no prominent meaningfulness for the couples six years after the therapy. In the analysis of the self-system of the couples, gender specific differences could be seen. In the self-system of the treated women, the physician had a position close to their self and their ideal-self. This position was influenced by the self-esteem of the women. A higher self-esteem was associated with a greater closeness to the physician as well as to their partner. The analysis of the self-esteem of the affected men showed a completely different pattern. The greater the self-esteem of the male patients, the greater the devaluation of the physician, which showed in a greater distance to their ideal-self. The gender specific perceptions of the inseminating physician can be interpreted as specific adaptations to different coping requirements.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Disease risks to animal health from artificial insemination with bovine semen.

Two of the major goals of artificial insemination of domesticated animals are to achieve continuous genetic improvement and to prevent or eliminate venereal disease. In comparison with natural service, fewer males are needed to artificially inseminate the same number of females and to produce the same number of offspring. However, there are risks associated with artificial insemination, which has the potential to disseminate genetic defects and also to spread infectious disease nationally and internationally. This paper focuses on the risk of six specific diseases which are transmitted in bull semen and outlines the appropriate measures to prevent these risks.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Collection of semen and artificial insemination of alpacas.

Semen collection and artificial insemination have not yet been fully developed in the alpaca. Thus, we collected semen from 7 males using a modified artificial vagina placed inside a dummy. Forty adult female alpacas, previously induced to ovulate with hCG, were artificially inseminated with fresh undiluted semen by laparoscopy or by cervix. The Chisquare test was used to determine differences in the fertility rate of the 2 insemination methods. The mean duration of copulation, semen volume, sperm concentration and the percentages of live spermatozoa and normal spermatozoa were 21.6 min, 1.9 ml. 147,500/mm(3), 69.6% and 75.9%, respectively. There were 6.7% abnormal heads, 12.3% abnormal tails and 3.8% cytoplasmic droplets. The consistency of semen was viscous and formed a coagulum. The pH was 7.2, and the semen was milky white in color. The duration of copulation was comparable to natural copulation, and semen characteristics reflected those of the natural ejaculate. The percentage of pregnancy was 68%, with no differences due to method of semen deposition (laparoscopy, 67%; cervix, 73%).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

On genetic screening of donors for artificial insemination.

Reliable information on the frequency of birth defects in children conceived by artificial insemination is lacking and should be collected. Genetic screening of donors for artificial insemination is recommended, and guidelines are proposed. These consider the kinds of disorder in the presumptive donor, or his relatives, that would preclude his use as a donor, and the steps to be taken with relatives, that would preclude his use as a donor, and the steps to be taken with respect to genetic counseling if a defective baby is born following the procedure.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1993

The relationship of semen quality to pregnancy rate and litter size following artificial insemination in the bitch.

Artificial insemination of 31 bitches with fresh, undiluted, semen resulted in 22 31 conceptions (71%) and the birth of 124 puppies. Inseminations using at least 220 x 10(6) spermatozoa of normal morphology resulted in a mean pregnancy rate of 81.5% (22 27 ). The pregnancy rates were significantly influenced by the total number of progressively motile or morphologically normal sperm cells per ejaculate (P < 0.05). The pregnancy rate was not influenced by the percentage of progressively motile or morphologically normal sperm cells per ejaculate (P > 0.1). Litter size was not influenced by sperm motility or morphology (P > 0.1).

Journal Article↗