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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Adult attachment and adult child-older parent relationships.

Adult attachment status, concurrent and early relationships with parents, and depressive symptoms were assessed in 53 adults. Individuals with consistent reports of relationships--positive or negative--were most coherent in their narratives. Depressive symptoms were associated with negativity in both recalled and current relationships with parents, but were not correlated with coherence of narratives. Clinical implications of the findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Raising grandchildren from crack-cocaine households: effects on family and friendship ties of African-American women.

Changes in family and friendship networks of 71 African-American grandmothers raising grandchildren as a consequence of the crack-cocaine epidemic are examined. Despite continued strong social ties, many of the women reported decreased contact with family and friends other than confidantes and a decline in marital satisfaction. Implications of the findings for research, policy, and practice are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Risk and protective factors for disruptive behavior disorders in children.

Biological, psychological, and social risk and protective factors in the development of disruptive behavior disorders were assessed in 50 disordered and 50 control preadolescents. Significant risk factors included learning difficulties, hyperactivity, perinatal complications, and violence in the home. Significant protective factors included ability to express feelings and a good relationship with grandparents.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1999

Physical and emotional well-being of custodial grandparents in Latino families.

This study of 74 Latino grandparents rearing their grandchildren in New York City, found poverty rates to be roughly three times those of grandparent caregivers nationwide and rates of self-reported poor health and depression to be twice as high. Correlates of depression included young age, poor health, greater life stress, few informal supports, and rearing grandchildren with special needs. Intervention needs and directions for future research are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Lesbian identity development: an examination of differences across generations.

Lesbian identity is an achieved, not an ascribed, status. Family, social, and historical circumstances affect the timing, sequence, and outcome of this developmental process. The life stories of 31 women, identified within three eras of lesbian history, demonstrate the critical role of history in understanding lesbian identity and experience today.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Fitness benefits of prolonged post-reproductive lifespan in women.

Most animals reproduce until they die, but in humans, females can survive long after ceasing reproduction. In theory, a prolonged post-reproductive lifespan will evolve when females can gain greater fitness by increasing the success of their offspring than by continuing to breed themselves. Although reproductive success is known to decline in old age, it is unknown whether women gain fitness by prolonging lifespan post-reproduction. Using complete multi-generational demographic records, we show that women with a prolonged post-reproductive lifespan have more grandchildren, and hence greater fitness, in pre-modern populations of both Finns and Canadians. This fitness benefit arises because post-reproductive mothers enhance the lifetime reproductive success of their offspring by allowing them to breed earlier, more frequently and more successfully. Finally, the fitness benefits of prolonged lifespan diminish as the reproductive output of offspring declines. This suggests that in female humans, selection for deferred ageing should wane when one's own offspring become post-reproductive and, correspondingly, we show that rates of female mortality accelerate as their offspring terminate reproduction.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Familial resemblance in eating behaviors in men and women from the Quebec Family Study.

OBJECTIVE: It is commonly recognized that genetic, environmental, behavioral, and social factors are involved in the development of obesity. The family environment may play a key role in shaping children's eating behaviors. The purpose of this study was to estimate the degree of familial resemblance in eating behavioral traits (cognitive dietary restraint, disinhibition, and susceptibility to hunger). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Eating behavioral traits were assessed with the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire in 282 men and 402 women (202 families) from the Quebec Family Study. Familial resemblance for each trait (adjusted for age, sex, and BMI) was investigated using a familial correlation model. RESULTS: The pattern of familial correlation showed significant spouse correlation for the three eating behavior phenotypes, as well as significant parent-offspring and sibling correlations for disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger. According to the most parsimonious model, generalized heritability estimates (including genetic and shared familial environmental effects) reached 6%, 18%, and 28% for cognitive dietary restraint, disinhibition, and susceptibility to hunger, respectively. DISCUSSION: These results suggest that there is a significant familial component to eating behavioral traits but that the additive genetic component appears to be small, with generalized heritability estimates ranging from 6% to 28%. Thus, non-familial environmental factors and gene-gene and gene-environmental interactions seem to be the major determinants of the eating/behavioral traits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Intergenerational perceptions of body image in hispanics: role of BMI, gender, and acculturation.

OBJECTIVE: To assess role of BMI, gender, and acculturation on maternal and children's perception of body size, body ideal, and attractiveness. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Eighty mothers and their 6- to- 12-year-old children (41 boys, 39 girls) participated. Maternal and children's perceptions of body size (actual and ideal) and attractiveness were assessed through a pictorial instrument. Mother and child height and weight, demographic, and acculturation characteristics were also assessed. RESULTS: Seventy-nine percent of the mothers were overweight, and 32% of the boys and 34% of the girls were overweight or at-risk for overweight. BMI influenced the children's selection of perceived ideal size. Overweight or at-risk for overweight children were more likely to select thinner figures as the ideal size than non-overweight children. Gender and acculturation differences concerning children's perceptions of body size and attractiveness were also found. Girls perceived the obese figure as being less attractive than did the boys. More acculturated children were likely to select thinner figures as more attractive than their less acculturated counterparts. Maternal acculturation was associated positively with the girls' choice of thinner figures as an ideal body size, but not with the boys. Mothers viewed their daughters' actual body size and BMI as ideal, although 34% of the girls were at-risk for overweight. Mothers perceived average body size figures as more attractive for their sons. DISCUSSION: Findings from this study provide empirical data about the role of BMI, gender, acculturation, and familial influences on children's perceptions of actual and ideal body sizes and attractiveness.

Acculturation↗
PubMed2001

Trends in informal care in Great Britain during the 1990s.

The population of adult carers in Great Britain declined during the 1990s while the proportion of those heavily involved in providing informal care increased. The intensification of care-giving was associated with an increasing number of caring relationships that typically make heavy demands on the carer: spouse care and caring for a child or parent. The provision of informal care by friends and neighbours diminished resulting in an overall decline in care-giving between households. However, parents were increasingly looked after in their own homes by non-resident daughters. More women than men withdrew from the less intensive care-giving between households while more men than women took on the role of a spouse carer. By the end of the decade, as many men as women provided informal care for a spouse or partner. If the trends identified here continue beyond the study period, increasing resources will be required to identify heavily involved carers, assess their needs, and support them in their caring activities. The findings are based on secondary analysis of the British Household Panel Survey covering the years 1991-1998. As well as charting trends in the prevalence of informal care, changes in the locus of care, the number of care recipients, their relationship to their carer and the amount of time devoted to caring activities are described and interpreted.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Fit to care? A comparison of informal caregivers of first-generation Black Caribbeans and White dependants with advanced progressive disease in the UK.

The present survey aimed to describe and compare the main needs and problems experienced by informal caregivers of Black Caribbean and White native-born patients in their last year of life. Out of the 106 Black Caribbean and 110 White patients identified as dying during the survey period, 50 interviews per ethnic group were conducted, a response rate of 47% and 45%. Out of these, 31 respondents representing Black Caribbean and 28 representing White dependants said that they bore the brunt of caregiving. Compared with those who cared for White dependants, those who cared for Black Caribbean dependants were more likely to be women (84% versus 46%, chi2 = 9.21, 1 d.f., asymptotic P = 0.002) and younger than 55 years of age (73% versus 37%, chi2 = 7.60, 1 d.f., asymptotic P = 0.006). The personal-care tasks which caregivers assisted their dependants with were similar, as were the informal resources they drew on. Many caregivers reported restrictions in their daily lives; this was more pronounced for those who cared for Black Caribbean dependants (chi2 = 6.40, 2 d.f., asymptotic P = 0.041, exact P = 0.039). Research is required to provide a qualitative narrative of the meaning caregivers from different communities ascribe to caring, and the formal and informal resources which they need to support them.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1999

The social situation in Thailand: the impact on elderly people.

Most Thai people are Buddhists who believe in the concept of repayment for their parents' goodness and usually live with their parents. Currently, a growing number of older Thai people, as well as the changing Thai society, is affected by the need for more health-care services and social support. The intention of this paper is to describe the social situations in Thailand that impact on support for Thai people aged 60 years and older. The paper covers demographic change, socio-economic change, family structure, Buddhism and the health of elderly people. The information presented is based on socio-economic knowledge and former research studies, and is intended to be used as the basis for better nursing care and health-care services in Thailand.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The older adult: a comparison of long-term care in Glasgow and San Francisco.

Population trends show an increasing proportion of people older than 65 years of age. This report aims to describe the facilities/services accessible to the older adult living in Glasgow, Scotland and in San Francisco, United States of America. This comparative study serves to develop a broader understanding of what is involved in the process of ageing, and describes how these two cities are responding to the needs of older people. Long-term caring provision is complex and involves multiple agencies, often leaving both lay and professional individuals ill-informed as to which services exist and how best to use them. The nurse can be instrumental in providing information, viable alternatives and services. In this article, options available for caring of the older adult and financing of care are discussed along with a number of recommendations based on observations described, data collected and literature researched. With the advent of care being provided in the community, there is now a continuum of services ranging from independent living at home to dependent care in hospital. Whether an individual remains at home depends on the availability and affordability of, and access to, other resources/facilities. Creative alternatives are needed for care of the older adult in this millennium. This report describes the need for an integrated system of care, which can adjust to variations in clients' needs. Progressive care facilities, intergenerational sharing, community volunteer service programmes for the older person and Edenizing are a few recommendations discussed by the authors.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alzheimer disease from a child's perspective.

Alzheimer disease (AD) directly afflicts several million people in the United States, but it also affects millions more who love and care for them. Young children are especially vulnerable because of a lack of understanding or inability to cope. The progression of AD varies greatly with each individual, but the signs and symptoms are common. Children's reactions to these indications differ depending on a multitude of variables. Honesty and simplicity are the basis for discussing AD with children. Shared experiences between these generations can be pleasurable and beneficial as long as certain considerations are regarded. The health care provider should include these topics when providing holistic care to patients with AD.

Adaptation, Psychological↗