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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Pyogenic granulomas after silicone punctal plugs: a clinical and histopathologic study.

PURPOSE: To describe clinical findings, histopathologic changes, and risk factors for pyogenic granuloma formation complicating silicone punctal plug therapy. DESIGN: Retrospective observational case series. METHODS: Between November 2000 and April 2004, 903 silicone punctal plugs of the same brand were inserted in 404 subjects. Cases associated with pyogenic granuloma formation were identified and reviewed. Granulation tissue was obtained from 10 patients for histopathologic examination. Multiple risk regression analyses identified factors related to pyogenic granuloma development and factors associated with histologic patterns. RESULTS: Pyogenic granuloma development led to the extrusion of 4.2% of all plugs placed in a median time period of 141 days. All patients presented with varying degrees of plug extrusion. Similar distributions of partial and complete plug extrusions, as well as bilateral and unilateral plug extrusions, were seen. Findings at presentation ranged from a subclinical pyogenic granuloma causing partial plug extrusion to a pyogenic granuloma in the punctum with a ring of fibrovascular tissue retaining a completely extruded plug. Histopathologic examination revealed two patterns, representing either acute pyogenic granuloma or involuting pyogenic granuloma. Pyogenic granulomas resolved after 3.1 +/- 1.3 weeks in all patients after plug removal. Multiple regression analysis revealed that large plug size was associated with increased pyogenic granuloma formation (P < .0001). Partial or complete plug extrusion was associated with active or involuting pyogenic granuloma, respectively (P = .023). CONCLUSION: Pyogenic granuloma-related spontaneous plug extrusions may be more common than previously thought and can present with a range of clinical findings. The degree of plug extrusion correlates with the histopathologic pattern. Larger plug size and sharp edges in plug geometry may be responsible for pyogenic granuloma formation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The precorneal tear film in horses: its importance and disorders.

The precorneal tear film (PTF) is of critical importance in the physiologic and pathologic findings of the cornea. Clinicians should recall that quantitative and qualitative disorders of the PTF can be a cause of corneal diseases as well as a clinical sign of ocular surface diseases. It is also important to consider that some systemic and topical treatments may affect the PTF volume and composition. Not all interactions are known at this time. There is a continued need for basic research into PTF components in healthy and diseased equine eyes, because much remains unknown. Until additional basic information about the biochemical composition and pH of the PTF as well as the interactions between equine corneal pathogens and specific PTF deficits becomes available, it will not be possible to define the cause and effect relations precisely between the various ocular surface diseases and deficiencies,excesses, and imbalances of PTF components. It is quite possible that a number of equine corneal diseases may be manifestations of qualitative PTF disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Lacrimostimulants and lacrimomimetics.

A thorough understanding of tear film physiology and the clinical manifestations of tear film abnormalities enables the veterinarian to diagnose and treat quantitative (decreased aqueous layer) and qualitative (decreased mucin or lipid layers) tear film abnormalities accurately and to monitor the responses to lacrimostimulatory and lacrimomimetic therapy. This article reviews the embryology,anatomy, and physiology of the lacrimal glands; glands of the nictitating membrane; goblet cells; and tarsal glands as well as the pathophysiology of tear film deficiencies. We also review lacrimo-stimulants, including cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus, pilocar-pine, and lacrimomimetics (tear film replacements).

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2006

Bilateral congenital lacrimal sac fistulae in a patient with ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome.

We describe a case of bilateral congenital lacrimal sac fistulas, associated with ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome. The embryologic basis for this condition is discussed, as well as the epidemiology, typical presentation, and possible treatment modalities. After we excised the fistulas and intubated the nasolacrimal ducts in this patient, he experienced improvement in symptoms by report.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1997

Surgical treatment of dacryocystitis.

Dacryocystitis is a common infection of the lacrimal sac. In adults, dacryocystitis results from an obstruction (ie, dacryostenosis) of the nasolacrimal duct. Dacryocystitis can be either an acute or chronic infection, and both forms usually are unilateral in nature. The hallmark symptom of both forms of dacryocystitis is epiphora (ie, excessive tearing). An obstruction of the lacrimal duct also can cause dacryocystitis. This article discusses the surgical treatment of dacryocystitis and provides a case study that illustrates perioperative nursing care of a patient who required surgical treatment of this lacrimal duct disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting as bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement.

PURPOSE: To report a patient with bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement as the initial manifestation of Rosai--Dorfman disease. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 14-year-old female presented with left lacrimal gland enlargement followed by right lacrimal gland enlargement 11 weeks later. Bilateral lacrimal gland biopsies were performed, and histopathologic examination revealed the diagnosis of Rosai--Dorfman disease. CONCLUSION: Patients with Rosai--Dorfman disease may present with bilateral lacrimal gland swelling in the absence of lymphadenopathy. Rosai--Dorfman disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of the lacrimal drainage function by the drop test.

PURPOSE: To compare the fluorescein dye disappearance test with a new test for lacrimal drainage capacity, the drop test. METHODS: In the fluorescein dye disappearance test, 1 microliter of fluorescein solution was instilled into the conjunctival sac of normal subjects and of patients with epiphora. Fluorescence from the tear film was measured, and the rate of dye disappearance was calculated as a measure of tear drainage. In the drop test, drops of 10 microliters of lukewarm saline solution were repeatedly instilled into the conjunctival sac for 3 minutes. Excessive saline solution was then removed from the tear film and measured. The volume of saline solution drained by the lacrimal passage could thus be calculated. RESULTS: The fluorescein dye disappearance test showed, in normal subjects, a tear turnover rate of 10.9 +/- 3.1% (95% confidence interval) per minute, which was nor age dependent. The drop test showed a decreased lacrimal drainage capacity with increasing age in normal subjects, with a mean capacity of 150 +/- 38.5 microliters/3 min for those 41 to 80 years old. In patients with indoor epiphora, the fluorescein dye disappearance test values were significantly reduced. However, the fluorescein dye disappearance test could not differentiate among normal eyes, eyes with minor epiphora, or eyes with moderate epiphora. The drop test showed a significant decrease even in patients with minor epiphora and was further decreased with increasing severity of symptoms. CONCLUSION: The drop test provides a quantitative measurement for lacrimal drainage function and is more sensitive than the fluorescein dye disappearance test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The effect of silicone nasolacrimal intubation on epiphora after helium ion irradiation of uveal melanomas.

We evaluated prophylactic silicone tube intubation of the nasolacrimal drainage system prior to helium ion irradiation of uveal melanomas located on the nasal side of the globe. Twelve patients received silicone tubes and were compared to a control group of 12 patients with irradiated nasal tumors without silicone tubes. Symptoms of nasolacrimal duct obstruction and epiphora were evaluated by means of a questionnaire. All patients had nasolacrimal duct irrigation. Patients intubated before irradiation maintained patency (11 of 12), whereas those in the control group did not (zero of 12) (P less than .0014); ten of 12 control patients had closure of both superior and inferior puncta. No significant difference in symptoms of epiphora was observed between the two groups.

Helium↗
PubMed1985

Lacrimal surgery in children.

Of 142 children who underwent major lacrimal surgery (160 dacryocystorhinostomies, one congenital fistula excision, one dacryocystectomy, and one canaliculostomy), 49 had congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (34%). Lacrimal obstruction was also associated with canaliculitis, punctal agenesis, trauma, congenital fistula, dacryocystitis, craniofacial defects, and functional eyelid abnormalities. Although the timing and technique of the surgery varied according to the abnormalities, an overall functional success rate of 90% (144 of 160 procedures) was achieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of dacryocystorhinostomy failure with computed tomography and computed tomographic dacryocystography.

Five patients with dacryocystorhinostomy failures were examined with computed tomography or computed tomographic dacryocystography. In computed tomographic dacryocystography, radiopaque dye was instilled into the lacrimal sac before computed tomography to show its shape, location, and relation to surrounding structures. Problems with the bony ostium were detected in all five patients. Recurrent nasal polyposis, a retained metallic clip, and an unresected ethmoid air cell were also identified. Computed tomography and computed tomographic dacryocystography provided important information that facilitated reoperation after dacryocystorhinostomy failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistologic properties of benign and malignant mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland.

We studied the immunohistopathologic features of normal lacrimal gland, benign mixed tumor, and malignant mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland. Primary antisera were to keratin, muscle-specific actin, vimentin, and glial fibrillary acid protein. Keratin stained in occasional myoepithelial cells in normal gland, ductal epithelium in normal gland and the tumors, and occasional stromal epithelioid cells in the tumors. Muscle-specific actin stained in myoepithelium and vascular smooth muscle in normal gland and the tumors, and occasional spindle-shaped and clusters of stromal cells in the tumors. Vimentin staining was nonspecific. Glial fibrillary acid protein stained in occasional myoepithelial cells in normal gland and polyhedral stromal cells in benign mixed tumor. Our findings indicate that ductal epithelium develops into the epithelial component, and some cells in the stroma and myoepithelium develop into some cells in the stroma of benign and malignant mixed tumor of the lacrimal gland.

Actins↗
PubMed1991

Case report: bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement: an unusual manifestation of dacryops.

Dacryops is an uncommon condition and, because it is usually obvious clinically, patients rarely come to radiological investigation. However, it is important for the radiologist to consider this condition in the differential diagnosis of lacrimal gland swelling and therefore to look for a cystic component in the lesion. We present such a case and review the literature on this condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Case report: extravasation of lipiodol--a complication of dacryocystography.

We describe the occurrence of a significant cosmetic blemish in the cheek of a young girl which was caused by extravasation of 'Lipiodol' from the lacrimal canaliculus. Erythema and swelling lasted for several months before resolving completely. This complication has not been reported in the English literature before.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lectin cytochemical analysis of lacrimal pleomorphic adenomas.

The activity of seven different types of biotinylated lectin were examined in normal and tumorous lacrimal gland tissue. In the normal lacrimal gland tissue, the glandular cells and the tubular epithelium were labeled by maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), and bauhinia purpurea agglutinin (BPA). The myoepithelial cells were stained by griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin 1 (GS1). In the primary pleomorphic adenoma tissue, the epithelial components were labeled by MPA, ulex europaeus agglutinin, SBA, peanut agglutinin, and BPA. The mesenchymal components showed negative labeling. In contrast, the recurrent pleomorphic adenoma tissue showed a positive reaction in the mesenchymal components when GS1 and BPA were used. These results revealed differences in the glycoconjugate composition among normal and tumorous lacrimal gland tissues from patients with primary and recurrent pleomorphic adenomas.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗