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PubMed1987

Changes in serum corticosterone and testosterone during induced maternal behavior in rats.

Serum corticosterone (Cpd B) and testosterone (T) concentrations were studied during the avoidance phase of artificially induced parental behavior in male rats. Adult rats were exposed to the presence of standard size foster pups for 60 min daily. On day 1 the avoidance behavior characterized by typical burying reaction was accompanied by an elevation of Cpd B and T. The behavioral responses and hormonal changes diminished during the days of repeated exposure. It was found that neither pup-killing nor spontaneous retrieval were dependent on circulating hormones in the male rat. Subcutaneous injection of ACTH 4-10 inhibited extinction of the avoidance and the humoral responses in both female and male animals. Oxytocin failed to exert any influence on the behavioral and hormonal components of the aversive reaction.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1986

Maternal behavior and attachment in low-birth-weight twins and singletons.

Early mother-infant interaction and later security of attachment were assessed for 17 pairs of twins, 5 singleton survivors of twin pairs, and 20 singletons, all low-birth-weight preterm infants. Mother and infant behavior during home observations at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 9 months was rated on scales developed by Ainsworth and Egeland and Brunquell. A, B, and C patterns of behavior in the Strange Situation conformed to the frequencies predicted from prior full-term samples and were not affected by twinship. However, the proportion of B1 and B4 dyads in the B group significantly exceeded that predicted from normative data. Mothers in B2 and B3 dyads were rated more sensitive and responsive than all others at all 4 observations. Contrary to our expectations that mothers in A and C dyads would receive the lowest ratings, this occurred only at 6 weeks. At later observations mothers in B1 and B4 dyads consistently received the lowest ratings. The discussion focuses on possible reasons for this unexpected finding.

Birth Weight↗