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Results for “Radiation, Nonionizing”

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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Microwave-stimulated drug release from liposomes.

Microwaves (2450 MHz) are shown to stimulate the release of an aqueous chemotherapeutic drug from phospholipid vesicles. This effect occurs at temperatures below the membrane phase transition temperature of 41 degrees C where these liposomes are normally not leaky. In buffered saline, microwave exposure (60 mW/g) triggers the onset of drug release at 33 degrees C, whereas in plasma a near maximal release is observed as low as 27 degrees C. Significantly, this drug release is enhanced by oxygen and is attenuated by antioxidants. These results demonstrate that phospholipids in artificial membranes devoid of protein are influenced by nonionizing electromagnetic radiation, and that this interaction can be modulated by two physiologically important factors, plasma and oxygen. Such a permeability effect may provide a means for investigating microwave interactions with ordered membrane bilayers.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1984

UV-B phototherapy. An overview.

The medical uses of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation have changed over time with light source technology and research in photobiology. Multiple UV light phototherapy protocols have been developed. A discussion of the relative importance of light sources with respect to the action spectrum for psoriasis phototherapy, as well as the need for tar and other adjuvants, is important to the understanding of a comparison between various regimens. A number of skin conditions other than psoriasis are also responsive to UV light phototherapy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Hypothermia and electromagnetic rewarming in the rhesus monkey.

Five male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were subjected, under ketamine anesthesia, to repeated hypothermia treatments that produced an average rectal temperature of 28.3 degrees C. Following hypothermia induction, the subjects were rewarmed using either a ventrally applied surgical heating pad supplied with 35 degrees C water or a radio-frequency (RF) induction coil operating at 13.56 MHz with an average specific absorption rate (SAR) calculated to be approximately 5.5 W X kg-1. A special temperature probe, nonperturbing to RF, was used in the RF rewarming experiments. Control experiments were also conducted in which only ketamine was administered over a 3-h period. RF rewarming to 35 degrees C typically required only 50 min; whereas, an average of 137 min was required for heating-pad rewarming. Analyses of blood serum collected during and up to 48 h after hypothermia treatments showed elevations at 24 h in creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and these elevations were highest for the ketamine controls and lowest for the RF rewarming experiments. The subjects have been periodically examined since these experiments, and all appear to be in good health. It is concluded that the careful application of RF energy to the central core of the body can successfully be used for rewarming purposes, is more effective than externally applied rewarming techniques, and is potentially useful in remote locations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Health disorders caused by radiation].

The rapid development and distribution of radiation sources has given rise to an "Energy Pollution" paralleling the chemical contamination of the environment. It has become necessary to establish limits for the "non-ionizing radiation" as well as for the ionizing radiation to which attention has been given for a long time. The non-ionizing radiation now includes the non-ionizing electromagnetic waves - radio frequency, micro waves, optical radiation - and ultrasound. Specific effects of these different radiation qualities caused by variation in biochemical and biophysical characteristics of tissues as well as the related biological changes and the mechanism of radiation effects are discussed shortly. Some commonly occurring radiation sources are quoted.

Age Factors↗