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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Age-related dynamics of the reactivity of the sensorimotor cortex rhythms during real and imaginary movements in schoolchildren with total speech underdevelopment].

The author relates the age-associated dynamics of the responsiveness of rolandic alpha-, theta- and beta-I rhythms in 31 right-handed boys with total speech underdevelopment (TSU) and 32 healthy right-handed boys at real and mental motion of the left and right hand. Retardation of the development of the responses in children with TSU was shown as were rhythmic impoverishment and reflectivity of those responses. They were short of the ipsilateral response of the theta-rhythm during right hand motion, which is reviewed in healthy children as an early "extrapyramidal" stage of reacting. Emphasis is laid on an appreciable asymmetry of the encephalogram in children with TSU at rest and in healthy children at motion. The relationship is demonstrated between the number of synergic movements and the degree of maturity of the electroencephalographic response and the character of its lateralization. The rolandic alpha-rhythm in preschool children is regarded as a prototype of the adult mu-rhythm.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The structure and transcription activity of the neuronal chromatin in the sensorimotor cortex during postnatal differentiation].

We report findings about age-related changes in the chromatin structure detected using ammoniacal silver and changes in the transcription rate in neurons by layers II-V of the sensomotor cortex of rats at days 7, 14 and 60 of postnatal life. Different types of neurons showed different average template activity but similar patterns of its age-related changes. The rearrangement of the chromatin structure in various types of cortical cells showed different orientation after day 14 of postnatal life.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

[Interhemispheric asymmetry of ipsilateral interzonal evoked potentials in the parietal and sensorimotor cortex of the cat].

EPs recorded in response to electrical stimulation of ipsilateral visual or auditory cortex, revealed mostly a positive-negative configuration on the surface of parietal and sensomotor cortex in 66 immobilized cats. The positive phase amplitude of the EPs was higher in the parietal area. The latency of audio-parietal and audio-motor EPs was longer than that of visual-parietal or visual-motor EPs. The distribution of the EPs over the parietal cortex revealed a mirror effect for audio-parietal responses. Interzonal EPs were asymmetrical in parietal cortex of the two hemispheres. The right hemisphere dominated, at that. Some individual interhemispheric asymmetry was also revealed between sensomotor interzonal EPs, their latency dominating in the left hemisphere for both zones. The interhemispheric asymmetry of the parietal EPs was associated to some extent with the sex of the animals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Modulation of the thalamocortical responses of the sensorimotor cortex during stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in rabbits in ontogeny].

It has been demonstrated that rhythmic stimulation of the relay thalamic nucleus in rabbits at the second half of the first month of postnatal life does not significantly affect the amplitude of the second and third positive components (PC-2 and PC-3) of the positive phase of the thalamocortical responses. Combination of rhythmic stimulation of this nucleus and that of lateral hypothalamic structures is accompanied by a significant increase of the amplitude of both positive components of the thalamocortical responses, the degree of potentiation of PC-3 being higher than that of PC-2. The described potentiation is most evident at the third week of postnatal development of rabbits.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

[Disordered learning and sleep structure in rats with a cobalt-induced epileptogenic focus in the sensorimotor cortex].

The influence of cobalt-induced epileptogenic foci in the somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex on sleep-wakefulness pattern has been studied in rats and the data obtained were compared with the learning ability of rats. It has been established that the formation of cobalt-induced epileptogenic foci may result in a decreased ability to learn that correlated with the selectivity of phasic components of the paradoxical sleep hippocampal theta-rhythm.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Ultrastructure of sensorimotor cortex neurons in the progeny of rats receiving alcohol during pregnancy].

Dynamics of ultrastructural changes in the sensomotor cortex neurons has been studied on the 21st, 30th and 60th days of life in offspring born by the rats given 20% alcohol (2 g/kg) during pregnancy. Moderate antenatal alcoholization produces certain disturbances in the ultrastructure of the cortical neurons and their dendrites. This is manifested as presence of retardation signs in maturation of nervous cell populations, as dystrophic changes in the neurons and their dendrites and display of reparative character with their own dynamics in the postnatal period of ontogenesis. The first two categories of the ultrastructural changes in the cortical neurons are more manifested at early stages of the postnatal development of the offspring, and the reparative processes--at the age of two months. Despite the presence of the reparative shifts, the dystrophic changes of the neurons of hypoxic character are present up to the period of sexual maturation. This demonstrates that the antenatal alcoholic intoxication in the offspring is manifested in the postnatal ontogenesis for a long time.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

[Molecular mechanisms of the involvement of the pyramidal neurons of the sensorimotor cortex in the organization of the feeding behavior of rabbits].

Experiments performed on freely moving rabbits have shown that pyramidal neurons which had direct connections with lateral hypothalamus were activated during realization of the feeding behaviour. Pyramidal neurons which had no connection with lateral hypothalamus were inhibited. Microiontophoretic application of the protein synthesis inhibitor to pyramidal neurons caused their disability to respond to ascending activatory influences from the lateral hypothalamus. Administration of pentagastrin during inhibition of the protein synthesis restored the ability of pyramidal neurons to participate in hypothalamic feeding reactions. It is suggested that synthesis and release of the gastrin-like peptide into the perineuronal space is necessary for involvement of sensomotor cortex pyramidal neurons in organization of the feeding behaviour.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Karyometric characteristics of the rat sensorimotor cortex in non-uniform gamma irradiation].

Neurocyte nuclei increase in volume without structural changes in karyoplasm at early times after gamma-irradiation of rat head with doses of 50 to 100 Gy. Irradiation of 200 Gy causes a diminution of the nuclei volume while at a dose of 400 Gy the nuclei do not change their volume. A dose as high as 1000 Gy causes severe changes in the karyoplasm leading to nucleus swelling. At later times (24-72 h), the increase in the nuclei volume is associated with the changes in the karyoplasm structure. At one and the same dose, radiation causes either a decrease (irradiation of the head) or increase (exposure of the body) in the neurocyte nuclei volume. At early times after wholebody uniform irradiation no karyometric changes are detected. The nucleus swelling is more pronounced at lower dose-rates.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indices of the status of the cholinergic processes in the rat sensorimotor cortex and caudate nucleus at early periods after gamma-irradiation at a dose of 150 Gr].

An insignificant increase in the content of acetylcholine-like substances was registered in the rat brain cortex and caudate nucleus 15 min after whole-body gamma-irradiation with a dose of 150 Gy. After 24 h, the number of these substances appreciably decreased. Total acetylcholinesterase activity in the above brain parts gradually decreased throughout the entire period of observation. These indices changed more markedly in the caudate nucleus than in the cortex of the brain.

Acetylcholine↗