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Results for “GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA”

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PubMed1990

[Oral findings in severely handicapped patients participating in the periodic dental check-up system for five years--dental caries, gingival recessions and hyperplasias, periodontal diseases].

In March 1987, we investigated the quality of oral hygiene, and the incidence of dental caries and periodontal diseases in 140 severely handicapped patients who had been hospitalized in two national sanatorium. All of the patients had participated under the Matsumoto Dental College Hospital Periodic Dental Check-up System for five years. The results were as follows: 1. The teeth of all the subjects had been brushed by the sanatorium nursing staff twice per day. The prevailing brushing technique was the horizontal method. 2. 37.5% of the subjects showed complete adaptability to the tooth brushing by the nursing staff. However, 2.1% showed no adaptability whatsoever. 3. The mean value of the OHI-S was 1.53. The labial surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth showed the lowest OHI-S value, while the mandibular left posterior teeth showed the highest. 4. The DMF-T was estimated to be 12.51 (DMFT ratio = 48.2%). The average D-T was 2.07 +/- 4.03, and the average F-T was 8.43 +/- 7.22. 5. 19.3% of the patients were diagnosed with gingival hyperplasia, and 10.7% had local gingival recessions. 1) Of the patients who had taken Phenytoin daily, 35.5% were diagnosed with hyperplasia. 2) Most local gingival recessions were found on the labial gingiva of the mandibular anterior teeth. A relationship was determined to exist the local recession and the horizontal brushing method. 6. 89.2% of the patients suffered from periodontal diseases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

DMF Index↗
PubMed1986

Oral manifestations in myelodysplastic syndrome. Review of the literature and report of a case.

Gingival hyperplasia in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome is described. Gingival infiltration was the first sign of acceleration of a stable disease process and was followed by development of a more aggressive phase of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia that was not responsive to therapy. Oral and dental assessment of patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes should be a part of routine management.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

The effect of a plaque control programme on the incidence and severity of cyclosporin-induced gingival changes.

The efficacy of plaque control as a means of preventing cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth was assessed in 27 adult renal transplant patients. After baseline examination, patients were randomly allocated to receive intensive oral hygiene instructions, scaling and root planing (OH group) or no treatment (no treatment group). Gingival condition was assessed 6 months after baseline and changes in gingival form were related to various periodontal and pharmacokinetic measures. In both treatment groups, there was a significant increase (P less than 0.05) in gingival hyperplasia scores at 6 months. In the OH group, plaque scores were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) at 6 months, whereas in the no treatment group, a significant increase in plaque scores, gingival inflammation and probing depths was observed at 6 months. Dosages of cyclosporin, whole blood concentrations of cyclosporin, baseline gingival index, hyperplasia scores, and 6-month plaque index were not important determinants for the increase in gingival over-growth in both treatment groups. It is concluded that attention to plaque control and the removal of local irritants is of some benefit for the gingival health of cyclosporin-treated adult renal transplant patients, but these measures alone did not prevent gingival overgrowth. Pharmacokinetic variables of cyclosporin and various periodontal measures were not good predictors of cyclosporin-induced gingival changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis: identification, treatment, control.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis, or HGF, is characterized by varying degrees of attached gingival hyperplasia. The authors describe a case of generalized severe hereditary gingival fibromatosis involving the maxillary and mandibular arches. Removal of excess gingival tissue by conventional gingivectomy dramatically improved the patient's appearance.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The fixed mandibular implant: a 6-year review.

In a review of 102 consecutive cases of the fixed mandibular implant there were no failures; all appeared clinically to be osseointegrated and functioning well. There were an unexpected number of gingival infections and instances of inflammatory gingival hyperplasia, but these have been reversible and manageable. A change in sleeve nut design has improved gingival health. The Fixed Mandibular Implant (Hall Reconstructive Systems, Carpinteria, CA) offers immediate denture stability and function, and provides the opportunity for a fixed, fixed removable, or overdenture prosthetic reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Tissue reaction involving an intraoral skin graft and CP titanium abutments: a clinical report.

Focal areas of gingival hyperplasia surrounding the transmucosal portions of titanium implants have been attributed to poor hygiene, lack of attached gingival tissues, and titanium allergy. Following mandibular vestibuloplasty and placement of a split-thickness skin graft, two of five patients developed persistent proliferation of the epithelial tissue surrounding endosseous CP titanium dental implants. In both circumstances, traditional gingivectomy procedures, chemotherapeutic agents, and aggressive oral hygiene measures failed to adequately control the hyperplastic response. Following replacement of the titanium abutments with custom-fabricated gold abutments, the epithelial condition appeared to return to normal.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Organ transplant patients' complex periodontal treatment].

The number of organ transplant patients has increased in recent years. The Cyclosporin-A (CsA) has been used at least for 20 years to control graft rejections. As many organ transplant patients also take Ca channel blocking medication this might potentiate the CsA associated gingival hyperplasia. The outcome of the comprehensive periodontal treatment was evaluated in 14 kidney and liver transplant patients. If gingival overgrowth showed no marked reduction after thorough professional supra and subgingival plaque control either gingivectomy or flap surgery were indicated. The average age of the organ transplant patients was 38 years. 10 was man and 4 female. The daily dose of CsA ranged between 150-200 mg, and each patient took also Ca channel blocking drugs, 5-20 mg/day. S/RP alone was successful in two cases. Gingivectomy was performed in 10 cases and flap operation was indicated in two cases. Among patients with high compliance and excellent individual oral hygiene no recurrence occurred, while two patients with very low level of oral hygiene showed immediate gingival overgrowth after surgery. It is supposed that dental plaque is an important contributing factor in the development of drug induced gingival overgrowth and meticulous plaque control should be one of the most important treatment modalities in controlling drug-induced gingival changes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of Cyclosporin A on gingival status following liver transplantation.

Cyclosporin A, since its introduction, has drastically reduced the morbidity and mortality rates associated with organ transplants. One side-effect of CSA is gingival hyperplasia. This study investigated the effects of CSA given in conjunction with a low dose of steroids on the gingival status of pediatric patients following liver transplantation. A total of 21 such patients were compared with 23 healthy children, matched for age and sex. Data collected included CSA serum levels, gingival width, pocket depth, gingival index and modified plaque index. Using mean total values, there was a significant difference for plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth and gingival width. There was no significant correlation between CSA serum levels and any of the dental factors measured. The experimental group exhibited a statistically significant increase in all dental measurements--an increase that may be due--at least in part--to the higher plaque index in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Synthesis of collagen and fibronectin in fibroblasts derived from healthy and hyperplastic gingivae.

The purpose of the present study was to compare protein and matrix molecular (collagen and fibronectin) metabolism among fibroblasts cultured from two types of hyperplastic gingiva and normal tissues. Cell cultures were obtained from tissue explants of normal gingiva, the periodontal ligament (PDL), and phenytoin-induced and idiopathic fibromatotic gingiva. The synthetic capacity of matrix proteins of each isolated fibroblast type was studied by metabolic labeling (3H-proline), biochemical purification and characterization. Our results showed that fibroblasts derived from phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia synthesized a greater amount of total protein and collagen than the rest of the cell types, based on both the amount of total protein and protein/micrograms DNA. In contrast, fibroblasts obtained from idiopathic gingival fibromatosis exhibited a similar potential for both protein and collagen synthesis as normal gingival and PDL fibroblasts. Normal PDL fibroblasts displayed a significantly higher degree of collagen synthesis than normal gingival fibroblasts; however, no difference in protein production between them was noted. A few variations in fibronectin synthesis/microgram DNA among various fibroblasts from normal and hyperplastic tissues were noted. PDL fibroblasts seemed to produce a greater amount of fibronectin than all of the other cell types. Interestingly, fibroblasts obtained from idiopathic gingival fibromatosis showed a higher DNA content than other fibroblasts, although a decrease in synthesized fibronectin/microgram DNA was noted. In conclusion, the pathogenic mechanism of phenytoin-induced hyperplasia and idiopathic gingival fibromatosis may be different due to their distinct profile of cell proliferation and matrix protein synthesis.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of periodontal disease in a patient with Turner's syndrome. A case report.

This case report describes a patient with Turner's syndrome receiving systemic androgen therapy who experienced marked gingival enlargement, bleeding, and discomfort. Turner's syndrome and its treatment are discussed. The literature pertaining to sex hormones and their role in affecting periodontal disease is reviewed. The patient was treated with full mouth gingivectomy and 2-week recall visits for a period of 2 months consisting of oral physiotherapy instructions, scaling, and topical fluoride application. She was then placed on 1-month recall for the next 4 months. This mode of therapy was effective in treating severe gingival hyperplasia in a patient receiving systemic androgen therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Congenital marked hypertrichosis and Laband syndrome in a child: overlap between the gingival fibromatosis-hypertrichosis and Laband syndromes.

Gingival fibromatosis may be reported as an isolated finding or associated with a number of distinct and frequently inherited group of disorders. The characteristics of the Laband syndrome include gingival hyperplasia, dysplasia of the terminal phalanges and nails of extremities, hepatosplenomegaly and facial dysmorphism. Another well-known syndrome with gingival fibromatosis associates generalized hypertrichosis and inconstant mental retardation and epilepsy. We report a case with features of Laband syndrome and congenital marked hypertrichosis, suggesting overlap between these two genetic disorders.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1998

Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae: gingival involvement.

Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae (lipoid proteinosis, Urbach-Wiethe disease) is a rare syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance. The disease is characterized by diffuse deposition of a hyaline-like substance in the dermis, the submucosal connective tissue and various internal organs. The oral mucosa of affected people becomes nodular and thickened, with primary involvement of the labial, buccal and palatal mucosa, posterior tongue, and lingual frenulum. We report the case of a 66-year-old man with hyalinosis cutis et mucosae who presented with gingival hyperplasia due to diffuse deposition of hyaline-like material, and discuss the diagnostic significance of the microscopic findings of the gingival tissues. The present clinical features are also compared to those of the same patient at the age of 38 years.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Oral hygiene in subjects treated with diphenylhydantoin: effects of a professional program].

The purpose of the present study was to investigate, on a longitudinal basis, the effectiveness of a specific preventive dental program for patients who are taking phenytoin for seizure control. The results confirm that a preventive dental program, consisting on frequent prophylaxis and plaque control, is effective in minimizing clinically gingival enlargement associated with phenytoin therapy, even in patients who present histological aspects of gingival hyperplasia.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1995

Phenytoin increases markers of osteogenesis for the human species in vitro and in vivo.

Phenytoin therapy is a well recognized cause of gingival hyperplasia, a condition characterized by increased gingival collagen synthesis, and may also cause acromegalic-like facial features. Based on these clinical findings suggestive of anabolic actions, we sought to test the hypothesis that phenytoin acts on normal bone cells to induce osteogenic effects. To test the direct actions of phenytoin on human bone cells, we measured the dose responses to phenytoin for [3H]thymidine incorporation, cell number, alkaline phosphatase specific activity, and collagen synthesis in human hip bone-derived cells. Phenytoin significantly and reproducibly increased [3H]thymidine incorporation, cell number, alkaline phosphatase specific activity, and collagen synthesis in a biphasic manner with optimal stimulatory doses between 5-10 mumol/L. Thus, micromolar concentrations of phenytoin can act directly on human bone cells to stimulate osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. We next sought to test the hypothesis that phenytoin stimulates bone formation in humans in vivo. Accordingly, three serum biochemical markers of bone formation, i.e. osteocalcin, skeletal alkaline phosphatase, and procollagen C-terminal extension peptide, were measured in 39 male epileptic patients, 20-60 yr of age, with an average duration of phenytoin therapy of 10.5 +/- 1.62 yr (mean +/- SEM). In this group of patients, the mean serum phenytoin level was 9.56 +/- 0.90 mg/L (mean +/- SEM; equivalent to 34.9 +/- 3.3 mumol/L). Thirty apparently healthy male subjects of similar age and taking no medication were included as controls. Serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and PTH levels in the phenytoin-treated patients were not significantly different from those in the age-matched controls and were within the clinical laboratory normal range of our hospitals, indicating that the patients did not develop hypocalcemia, vitamin D deficiency, or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Serum levels of osteocalcin, skeletal alkaline phosphatase, and procollagen peptide in the phenytoin-treated patients were significantly increased compared to those in the age-matched subjects; in each case these biochemical markers were significantly correlated with the serum phenytoin level, but not with the dose or duration of phenytoin treatment. These findings are consistent with the interpretation that phenytoin increases the bone formation rate in humans in vivo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Management of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. A case report.

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a rare disorder of skeletal muscle development which is characterized by deforming contractures of the joints, but seldom affects the temporomandibular joint. This report reviews the condition and reports the findings and periodontal management of a patient referred with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita which required treatment for severe dilantin gingival hyperplasia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral Kaposi's sarcoma in a non-AIDS patient.

Kaposi's sarcoma involving the oral cavity is seen frequently in AIDS patients but rarely in transplant patients. When the oral cavity is involved in transplant patients, it usually is located on the palate or the oropharynx. This article reports a renal transplant patient who developed Kaposi's sarcoma which mimicked a gingival hyperplasia in the oral cavity.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The orofacial manifestation of various hemoblastoses].

In everyday practice the stomatologist is sometimes confronted with symptoms that are indicative of malignant diseases. For malignant lymphoma, lymphogranulomatosis and myeloic leucosis, as examples, the authors present in tabular form orofacial symptoms such as bleedings, gingival hyperplasia, ulcerations and others, the occurrence of which requires diagnostic assessment.

Gingival Hyperplasia↗