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Results for “Injections, Subcutaneous”

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PubMed1996

[Home terminal care for lung cancer--subcutaneous injection with morphine hydrochloride for cancer related pain from metastatic bone cancer in a terminal lung cancer patient].

Home management for cancer-related pain in a terminal cancer patient is usually performed by oral or intrarectal administration with analgesics. If such treatment fails to reduce cancer-related pain, we have to treat them with epidural, intravenous or subcutaneous injection of these agents in some cases. We encountered a terminal lung cancer patient with metastatic bone cancer who was treated with continuous subcutaneous injection of morphine hydrochloride at home. As a result, the patient's quality of life has been remarkably improved. The management of cancer-related pain with analgesics and terminal care at home are discussed.

Aged↗

PubMed1987

Acute and latent pneumonitis after subcutaneous injections of silicone in transsexual men.

We evaluated 13 transsexual men who were hospitalized for symptoms resulting from illicit subcutaneous injections of silicone. Patients with acute silicone pneumonitis were admitted because of fever, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxemia (mean PaO2, 58 +/- 14 mm Hg). Most patients in this group had received new silicone injections within hours of admission, but one presented with the same clinical syndrome a few hours after a brawl. The alveolitis of acute silicone pneumonitis was characterized by increased numbers of alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils (p less than 0.05 compared with those in normal persons with a similar smoking history). Evidence of alveolar hemorrhage was also present in some cases. Alveolar macrophages contained large, pleomorphic, cytoplasmic inclusions, which were identified as silicone by atomic absorption and infrared spectrometry. Patients with latent silicone pneumonitis underwent clinical study at much longer times after the silicone fluid injections because they developed local inflammatory phenomena at the sites of previous injections. Pulmonary function studies usually showed slight restrictive changes, and bronchoalveolar lavage disclosed abnormalities similar to those found in patients with acute silicone pneumonitis, although to a lesser degree. Thus, illicit silicone fluid injection carries a serious respiratory risk since it can induce pneumonitis, followed in some patients by respiratory failure.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1977

Tumor induction by a single subcutaneous injection of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and its derivatives in newborn mice.

N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), or its derivatives N-hexyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (HNNG) and 1,6-bis(N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidinyl)-n-hexane (HxBNNG) were given to newborn ICR/JCL mice by a single subcutaneous injection in 1% gelatin suspension. In an acute toxicity study, the maximum tolerated dose of MNNG, HNNG or HxBNNG was 62 microgram/g, 555 microgram/g, or 500 microgram/g of body weight, respectively. In a chronic study, a single subcutaneous injection of MNNG to newborn mice at a dose of 62, 31, or 3 microgram/g of body weight induced tumors of the lung and hemangioendotheliomas in both sexes, and tumors of the liver in males. Other pathologic findings, such as deformities of the spine and alopecia of the skin, were frequently observed. The incidences of tumors in each group were clearly dose related. HNNG and HxBNNG were not tumorigenic within the observation period.

Alopecia↗

PubMed1997

Diurnal variation in serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein-3 concentrations during daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant human growth hormone in GH-deficient adults.

OBJECTIVE: Whereas there seems to be little, if any, circadian variation in circulating concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in healthy subjects, there are conflicting reports on this issue in GH-deficient patients treated with GH as a daily subcutaneous injection. We have therefore investigated the 24-hour serum profiles of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations after one week and more than one year of GH treatment. PATIENTS: Eleven subjects, with adult onset GH deficiency mainly caused by pituitary adenomas were included in the study. DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: In an open study, six subjects (three women and three men; age (+/-SEM) 41.2 +/- 3.9 years) were investigated after one week of GH therapy and five subjects (three women and two men; age (+/-SEM) 61.4 +/- 3.3 years) were investigated after 13-40 months of GH therapy. The GH injections were given at 2000 h. The subjects were hospitalized for 24-hour blood sampling at 1-hour intervals and serum concentrations of GH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were determined. RESULTS: There was a significant diurnal variation in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations both in the subjects who had received GH for one week and in those who had received GH treatment for more than one year. The serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were highest in the morning and lowest during night-time and early morning. The molar IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio varied significantly with time in both groups of patients in a similar way as IGF-I and IGFBP-3 indicating a more pronounced variation in IGF-I compared with IGFBP-3 in response to the GH therapy. CONCLUSION: Significant diurnal variations in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations occur after one week and more than one year of GH treatment with daily subcutaneous injections. The results indicate that the free fraction of IGF-I may exhibit a diurnal variation.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Effect of subcutaneous injection of ginseng on cows with subclinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis.

Cows with subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus were subjected to subcutaneous injections with either an extract from the root of Panax ginseng CA Meyer at a dose of 8 mg/kg body weight per day for 6 days, or with saline as a control. The injection areas were checked for adverse reactions. The daily milk production was measured before and after treatment. Blood was collected for total and differential leucocyte counts, identification of lymphocyte subpopulations using flow cytometry, lymphocyte proliferation test, and neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst assay. Quarter milk samples were collected for bacteriological analysis and somatic cell counts (SCC). After the end of treatment, the numbers of S. aureus-infected quarters and milk SCC tended to decrease in ginseng-treated cows. Phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity of blood neutrophils were significantly increased 1 week after ginseng treatment, but the proliferative response of blood lymphocytes did not change significantly. The number of monocytes in ginseng-injected cows was significantly higher 1 week post-treatment than pre-treatment, and the number of lymphocytes was significantly higher than pre-infusion at 2 and 3 weeks after ginseng treatment. Similar changes were not observed in the control group. The present findings indicate that ginseng treatment can activate the innate immunity of cows and may contribute to the cow's recovery from mastitis. It is therefore suggested that ginseng has a potential as a stimulator of the immune system of dairy cows.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of herpes zoster and postzoster neuralgia by subcutaneous injection of triamcinolone.

Based on a study of 400 patients (272 patients with herpes zoster and 128 with postzoster neuralgia), the subcutaneous injection of triamcinolone in saline is concluded to be a safe and effective measure for reducing pain. The acute eruption and symptoms of herpes zoster cleared in an average of less than four days. Postzoster neuralgia developed in only 2.9% of the patients, although nearly 70% of these patients were more than 50 years of age. In cases of postzoster neuralgia, 35% cleared completely; 28.9% improved enough so that they could live with the occasional pain, itching, or numbness, and therapy was not beneficial for an additional 15.6%, and it failed in 18.7% of the cases. The results were satisfactory in 63.9% of the patients, and the side effects were minimal.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Studies on immunity in hybridoma-bearing mice. A. Immune response to antigens. I. Role of subcutaneously injected IgE-producing hybridoma on antibody production of different isotypes against immunizing antigens.

When immunized with ovalbumin (OVA), mice bearing subcutaneously injected anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE-secreting hybridoma cells do not produce anti-OVA IgE antibodies as long as anti-DNP IgE is present in abundance in their sera. As soon as the titer of anti-DNP IgE antibody falls, anti-OVA IgE antibody appears. This inhibition of production of anti-OVA IgE is attributed to Fc epsilon-bearing T cells which have a suppressive action of limited duration. Other isotypes of anti-OVA antibodies are produced in similar amounts as in controls which were immunized with OVA but not injected with hybridoma cells.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diplopia following subcutaneous injections of botulinum A toxin for facial spasms.

PURPOSE: To study the incidence, cause, recovery time, and prevention of diplopia following subcutaneous injection of botulinum A toxin for the treatment of facial spasms. METHODS: Patients who experienced diplopia after botulinum A toxin injections had their deviations examined in detail. When the muscle that caused diplopia was identifiable, the injection closest to that muscle was omitted in the next treatment in an attempt to prevent diplopia. RESULTS: Of 250 patients receiving about 1500 sets of injections, 25 (1.7%) incidents of diplopia occurred in 10 patients. Excluding two patients who declined further treatment after having diplopia on their first botulinum A toxin treatment, seven of the remaining eight patients had multiple incidents of diplopia. The most common pattern of diplopia was "uncertain diagnosis." The most common identifiable cause of diplopia was paresis of the inferior oblique muscle. Omission of the injection into the central portion of the lower eyelids in the next treatment prevented recurrence of diplopia in only one of the four patients. No significant correlation between botulinum A toxin doses injected and times to recovery was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Diplopia following botulinum A toxin treatment is uncommon. Seven patients (3% of patients studied) had 22 episodes of diplopia (88% of episodes). When diplopia occurs, it tends to recur on reinjection, sometimes with a prolonged recovery time. This response may not be dose dependent. The extraocular muscles of some patients may be more susceptible to chemodenervation than others, or botulinum A toxin may diffuse to extraocular muscles more easily in some patients than in others.

Aged↗

PubMed1980

Effect of subcutaneous injections of carbuterol on renin release and water intake in the rat.

The effect on renin release and water intake of subcutaneous injections of the beta-adrenergic agonist carbuterol has been studied in the rat. Carbuterol, as well as isoprenaline, elicited a clear dipsogenic effect, dose-dependent, apparently mediated by stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system. The dipsogenic potency of carbuterol, in comparison to that of isoprenaline, was weaker; the ratio of dipsogenic potency between the two substances proved to be very similar to that of their relative vasodepressor activities. These findings appear to be consistent with the hypothesis that beta 2-adrenergic receptors of vascular type are involved in renin release and water intake stimulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

[Fatty tissue necrosis and oil granuloma after subcutaneous injections of vitamin B12].

A patient is described who developed fatty tissue necrosis and oil granuloma in her thigh after repeated subcutaneous injection of vitamin B12. The injections were taken in a badly documented attempt to prevent migraine. The preparation used was vitamin B12 combined with a mineral oil to give slow release resorption. We describe the histopathological mechanism for reaction of fatty tissue to mineral oil injections. The 40 ml cavity of fat necrosis had to be drained out several times and over a long period of time before our patient was without symptoms.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Subcutaneous injection survey: psychometric evaluation of a treatment satisfaction instrument associated with a novel HIV medication.

PURPOSE: The 20-item Subcutaneous Injection Survey (SIS) was developed to assess patients' experience with subcutaneous self-injection of an innovative anti-HIV fusion inhibitor (T-20). It measures ease of use and impact of treatment on daily life. This study presents the results of a psychometric evaluation of the SIS. METHOD: The SIS and MOS-HIV data (N = 547) from two multinational, phase III clinical trials of optimized background therapy (OBT) vs. OBT + T-20 were utilized for this evaluation. Item performance and internal consistency reliability were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify subscales. Pearson correlations were used to examine the relationship between the SIS and the MOS-HIV scores. RESULTS: Patients were predominately white males. SIS items had low rates of missing data (0.9%-5.5%) and with two exceptions were not redundant, as indicated by generally moderate item-to-item correlations. Three factors were identified: daily functioning, ease of injections, and activities of daily living. The SIS also includes three individually scored items on overall injection interference with daily activities, effect of injections on daily activities, and satisfaction with personal appearance. Cronbach's alphas ranged from 0.71 to 0.87. Correlations between SIS and MOS-HIV subscales were low to moderate. CONCLUSION: The SIS is a reliable instrument for measuring patients' assessment of self-injection in HIV clinical trials. Patients' experiences with self-injection are not strongly associated with health-related quality of life.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation by the subcutaneous injection technique in secondary hyperparathyroidism.

PURPOSE: To prospectively assess the effectiveness of total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation using a subcutaneous injection technique to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: We used this method to treat 14 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. The short-term outcome, up to 16 months after surgery, was monitored by measuring calcium, inorganic phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and alkaline phosphatase levels. We considered a graft viable when the ratio of iPHT in antecubital venous blood from the grafted arm to that from the nongrafted arm exceeded 1.5. RESULTS: Autografted parathyroid tissue was functional in 12 (85.7%) patients. An iPTH ratio > or =1.5 in the grafted arm relative to the nongrafted arm was observed from 2 weeks after surgery, peaking at 1 month. The grafted tissue continued to be biochemically functional 16 months after surgery in 12 patients. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that total parathyroidectomy and forearm autotransplantation using the subcutaneous injection technique is a possible alternative to Wells' method for surgical treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed2006

Bullous hemorrhagic dermatosis occurring at sites distant from subcutaneous injections of heparin: three cases.

Cutaneous side effects from heparin administration are rare and usually located at injection sites. We report 3 cases of intraepidermal hemorrhagic blisters occurring distant from sites of subcutaneous injections of heparin. A causative link is suggested by a temporal relationship between heparin introduction and onset of disease as well as exclusion of other causes, but the mechanism remains unknown.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

Prolonged immune response evoked by a single subcutaneous injection of microcapsules having a monophasic antigen release.

A model antigen, bovine serum albumin (BSA), was successfully incorporated into microcapsules fabricated from blends of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(d,l-lactide). The microcapsules possessed diameters ranging from 10 to 100 microns and exhibited a continuous monophasic release of the protein in-vitro for 3 weeks. They were found to enhance its immunogenicity, thereby potentiating the anti-BSA antibody response following a single subcutaneous injection in mice and rabbits. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays demonstrated that the microcapsules provoked high-titre and long-lived immunoglobulin G immune responses over a period of 192 days in mice. When rabbits were immunized by a single subcutaneous injection of BSA-loaded microcapsules, a high level of anti-BSA antibody was still present in the sera obtained at 17 weeks post-injection. The immunization protocol using the BSA-loaded microcapsules was superior to that using BSA dissolved in saline or adsorbed to alum. These microcapsules providing the controlled release of antigens may be valuable in designing better vaccine formulations.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Aseptic skin necrosis after subcutaneous injection of alpha interferon].

Aseptic necrosis of the skin developed in two patients with HIV-associated disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma after subcutaneous injection of recombinant interferon-alpha. Both patients were given it at a daily dosage of 20 x 10(6) IU/m2 body surface area. One of the patients, after full remission had been achieved, received a reduced dosage of 3 x 10(6) IU/m2, twice weekly. The clinical picture and course of the changes were similar to those of embolia cutis medicamentosa (Nicolau's syndrome), which can occur after injection of various drugs, intended to be intramuscular but by mistake given intra-arterially.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed2002

Using counterconditioning to treat behavioural distress during subcutaneous injections in a paediatric rehabilitation patient.

A counterconditioning-based intervention was conducted to supplement topical anaesthesia during repeated parent-administered subcutaneous injections performed on a 7-year-old girl for anticoagulation post-stroke. Preferred activities were paired with in vivo exposure to medical stimuli, first during simulated, then actual injections. Differential positive reinforcement was provided contingent on engagement with preferred activities, button pressing in response to an auditory stimulus, and general compliance with adult instructions. Child distress was measured by direct observations and intervention effects examined using an A-B, single-subject case study design with an interrupted time-series statistical analysis for brief single-subject data. Child distress decreased significantly when behavioural intervention was provided. Parent ratings indicated that treatment effects were maintained after the intervention was turned over to the mother and continued at home. Heart rate data provided physiological evidence of counterconditioning. The results are discussed in relation to the application of conditioning and counterconditioning theory in the paediatric rehabilitation setting.

Anticoagulants↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Semicircular lipoatrophy in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus after subcutaneous injections with methotrexate.

Lipoatrophia semicircularis, a rare entity which presents as atrophic cutaneous indentations exclusively on the anterior thighs of women, is thought to result from physical trauma. Localized lipoatrophies are common following injection with drugs and occur in patients with collagen disease. We report a 10-year-old girl who developed semicircular lipoatrophy on the anterior thighs after treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with subcutaneous injections of methotrexate. Until now, subcutaneously administered methotrexate has not been reported to cause lipoatrophy. Other possible causes include underlying autoimmune disease, the predisposition for females to be affected, and local trauma, also from the injections, at the specific body site. We suggest that subcutaneous injections with methotrexate on the anterior thighs should be avoided or monitored closely in female patients with SLE.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

3-dimensional computed tomography lymphography-guided identification of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients using subcutaneous injection of nonionic contrast medium: a clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: Simple and reliable identification methods for sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) which do not use radioisotope are essential for early breast cancer patients in community hospitals in Japan. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of computed tomography (CT) lymphography for SLN detection. METHODS: The study included 15 cases with T1 or T2 breast cancer. After subcutaneous injection of 1 mL of iopamidol in 1 subareolar area of the affected breast, CT scanning was carried out and 3-dimensional (3D) CT images were created. SLNs predicted from images and CT values were assessed as to whether they were identical to those identified by the dye method. RESULTS: An enhanced lymph vessel draining into SLN was demonstrated in 11 cases (73%) and an enhanced SLN in 10 cases (67%). 3D images clearly revealed the anatomic relationship between lymph vessels, SLN, and the surrounding structures. In addition, SLN could be predicted by the change of CT value in the time-course in another case. In total, SLN in 13 cases (87%) could be predicted. All SLNs suggested from CT lymphography were identified by the dye method. No significant adverse effect was noted in any case. CONCLUSIONS: The present clinical trial indicated that subcutaneous injection of nonionic contrast medium with CT scanning seems to be a promising method for the demonstration of a draining lymph vessel and SLN. The CT value time-course may also provide some important information. Further trials will be needed for the successful establishment of this CT lymphography-guided method for SLN identification.

Adult↗