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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Molecular pathology: intersection of morphology, biochemistry and genetics].

Molecular analysis of samples of cells and tissues plays an important part in clinical pathology, as a supplement to classical morphological examination. This holds true without reserve for immunohistochemistry, by now indispensable for clinical pathology. It was only recently that molecular genetic analysis was introduced into the pathological laboratory and it may be expected that this technique will play an important part, especially in cancer diagnostics. Where haemato-oncological malignancies and soft tissue sarcomas are concerned, this is already the case. Molecular tumour analysis will gain momentum due to advanced automated analysis using DNA arrays. Morphological aspects will long remain the foundation of tumour classification, but in the future not without major support from molecular analysis.

Cytogenetic Analysis↗
PubMed2000

Calixphyrins: Novel Macrocycles at the Intersection between Porphyrins and Calixpyrroles This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (CA-68682, GM-58907, and TW-00682 to J.L.S.), the National Science Foundation (CHE-9725399 to J.L.S. and CHE-9807702 to V.L. for the purchase of the Nonius Kappa CCD), the Howard Hughes Foundation (V.K. and J.L.S.), the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (No. 203/97/1099 to V.K.), the Ministry of Education (No. VS-97135 and Project CEZ: J19/98: 223400008 to V.K.), and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (74195-541101 to V.K.).

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Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Recognition of facial expressions of emotions in school-age children: the intersection of perceptual and semantic categories.

UNLABELLED: Recognition of the facial expressions of emotions is a critical communicative system early in development and continues to play an important role throughout adulthood. In the past, the results of developmental studies of emotional facial recognition have often conflicted. The present study was designed to examine the development of emotional facial recognition in a large sample of school-aged children (n = 120, ages 5-10y). In particular, we investigate whether emotion categories, i.e., those based on the visual spatial parameters of facial expression, develop in a similar fashion to those that also recruit lexical knowledge of emotion terms. We have found two distinct patterns of development and we suggest that these different profiles are a consequence of the very different cognitive abilities that they recruit. CONCLUSION: Emotion cognition is a variegated domain which is differentially related to such areas of cognition as visuo-spatial and lexical semantic abilities.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2000

Spirituality, religion, and pediatrics: intersecting worlds of healing.

Religious practices such as prayer represent the most prevalent complementary and alternative therapies in the United States. However, biomedicine has sometimes viewed faith and related religious worldviews as relevant only when they obstruct implementation of scientifically sound biomedical care. Recent efforts to arrive at a new synthesis raise challenges for pediatricians. This article reviews theories of child faith development, and models of child spirituality from different disciplinary perspectives. It provides sources illustrating how spirituality and religion may inform children's lives; play a part in children's moral formation, socialization, and induction into a sacred worldview; and provide the child with inner resources. It also suggests some of the positive and negative effects of spiritual and religious engagement. Second, this article examines aspects of spirituality and religion that parents may bring to bear in relation to their children's health. Third, this article addresses the spiritual and/or religious identity of the provider. These topics are discussed in the context of cultural competence and the related importance of religious diversity. The authors suggest 1) some approaches for appropriate inclusion of spirituality in clinical practice, 2) challenges for medical education, and 3) areas requiring further research.

Anthropology↗
PubMed2000

Bcl-2 intersects the NFkappaB signalling pathway and suppresses apoptosis in ventricular myocytes.

As a first step toward identifying putative regulators of apoptosis in the heart, the impact of the anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma gene) on the NFkappaB (nuclear factor kappa beta) signalling pathway in suppressing apoptosis in ventricular myocytes was studied. The data indicate that adenovirus-mediated delivery of Bcl-2 resulted in a significant increase in NFkappaB-dependent DNA binding and NFkappaB-directed gene transcription. No change in NFkappaB protein content was observed in myocytes expressing Bcl-2. Moreover, the Bcl-2-mediated NFkappaB activation was found to be related to changes in the activity of the NFkappaB regulatory protein IkappaBalpha (inhibitor of kappa beta). In this regard, a marked reduction in IkappaBalpha protein content was observed in ventricular myocytes expressing Bcl-2. The mode by which Bcl-2 regulates IkappaBalpha was related to the N-terminal phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaBalpha by the proteasome since an N-terminal deletion mutant of IkappaBalpha or the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin abrogated Bcl-2's inhibitory effects on IkappaBalpha and prevented NFkappaB activation. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated delivery of a phosphorylation defective form of IkappaBalpha rendered ventricular myocytes incapable of NFkappaB activation and susceptible to tumour necrosis factor alpha-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, Bcl-2's anti-apoptotic function was lost in cells defective for NFkappaB activation. The data provide evidence for a link between Bcl-2 and the NFkappaB signalling pathway for the suppression of apoptosis in ventricular myocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

["Risk management in the practice field of ambulatory surgery in the intersection of home and hospital practice", with the practical example of the Ilmtal Clinic in Pfaffenhofen].

Caring for patients in out-patients departments with ambulant surgery requires new thinking, new organizational structures and administration in hospitals. Ilmtal-Clinic in Pfaffenhofen has designed a model system to facilitate procedures with a high standard and risk management.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2000

The intersection of race, gender, and primary care: results from the Women Physicians' Health Study.

The Women Physicians' Health Study is a nationally distributed mailed questionnaire survey of a random sample of 4501 female physicians. We examined differences in the professional characteristics and personal health habits of minority women physicians compared to other women physicians, with regard to the choice of primary care specialties, type or location of practice site, and career satisfaction. Most women physicians were self-described as non-Hispanic white (77.4%), with 13% Asians, and few blacks (4.3%) or Hispanics (5.2%). Blacks and Hispanics were more likely to choose primary care specialties (61.6% and 57.9%, respectively, vs. 49.3% of whites, p < 0.05). Black and Hispanic physicians were most likely to practice in urban areas (71.8% and 72.2%, respectively, p < 0.001). Minority physicians were most likely to report spending some time each week on clinical work for which they did not expect compensation. Black physicians were least likely to report high levels of work control and were least likely to be satisfied with their careers. While most physicians were compliant with the examined recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, we did find significant differences by ethnicity in compliance with clinical breast exams, mammograms, and pap smears. In conclusion, there continues to be fewer blacks and Hispanics in the U.S. physician workforce than in the general population. Minority women physicians are more likely to provide primary care services in communities that have been traditionally underserved and may also report higher rates of career dissatisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Use of scanning electron microscopy for studying the intersection of lymphocytes with tumor cells].

With the aid of steroscan microscopy it was found that the state of surface membranes of the cells under study showed a significant change during the interaction of lymphocytes of BALB/C mice--bearers of methylcholantrene-induced sarcoma--with autologous tumour cells. Lymphocytes separated from the autologous tumour cells by a millipore filter formed long cytoplasmic processes which passed through the filter pores and came into close contact with tumour cells. Tumour cells acquired a spherical shape, and became swollen; "openings" appeared in the surface membrane, and this led to cell lysis.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Intersection of interferon and hypoxia signal transduction pathways in nitric oxide-induced tumor apoptosis.

Activated macrophages play a central role in antitumor immunity. However, the stimuli that activate macrophages to kill tumor cells are not completely understood. Because the center of solid tumors can be hypoxic, we hypothesized that hypoxia may be an important signal in activating macrophages to kill tumor cells. Hypoxia stimulates IFN-primed macrophages to express the inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and to synthesize nitric oxide (NO). We show that this synergy between IFN and hypoxia is mediated by the direct interaction of the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), which are both required for the hypoxic transcription of NOS2. This interaction between HIF-1 and IRF-1 may explain the mechanism by which macrophages infiltrating into tumors are activated to express NOS2 and to produce NO, a mediator of tumor apoptosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

A Large 24-Membered-Ring Germanate Zeolite-Type Open-Framework Structure with Three-Dimensional Intersecting Channels This work was supported by the NSF of China (Grant No. 29873012 and 29925309), National Education Ministry, State Key Basic Research Program of PRC (G2000048001) Shanghai Science Foundation, and the Key Laboratory of Inorganic Hydrothermal Synthesis, Jilin University. We thank Prof. S. Feng and Dr. Z. Shi for invaluable discussions.

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Journal Article↗