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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of extracranial head and neck tumors.

The introduction first of computed tomography (CT) and then in the 1980s of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has resulted in numerous applications of these imaging methods to head and neck oncology. MR imaging is a rapidly evolving field, which is replacing CT in the majority of lesions of the extracranial head and neck: tumors of the skull base, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, parapharyngeal space, and carcinomas of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. MR imaging is the method of choice for the detection and staging of skull base lesions because of its superior sensitivity in detecting small lesions and its superior accuracy in staging the lesion and narrowing the diagnostic possibilities. MRI shows the extent of tumor in the paranasal sinuses more precisely, and by multiplanar imaging it outlines intracranial extension. MR imaging has greater accuracy than CT in differentiating parapharyngeal lesions and can detail the extent of tumor tissue in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, pharynx, and the larynx more accurately. It is more sensitive than CT in showing invasion by tumor tissue into the mandible or laryngeal cartilages.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1995

Paediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction: 20 years' experience.

Since 1974, nearly 800 open pediatric airway reconstruction procedures have been performed. Data on these procedures and patients are being systematically recorded as part of an airway procedures database. When complete, the database will facilitate the tracking and description of reconstructive techniques and their success as they evolve. This preliminary look at twenty years' experience with paediatric airway reconstruction is an overview of the changes that have occurred in the etiology of airway stenosis and the surgical procedures used to correct it.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Familial Klippel-Feil syndrome and paracentric inversion inv(8)(q22.2q23.3).

Klippel-Feil Syndrome (KFS) is characterized by congenital vertebral fusion believed to result from faulty segmentation along the embryo's developing axis. KFS appears to be a heterogeneous disease often associated with craniofacial malformation. Here we provide the first evidence of a familial KFS gene locus on 8q, where an inv(8)(q22.2q23.3) has been found segregating with congenital vertebral fusion. The four-generation KF2-01 family present with dominant form of the KFS where the sequence of vertebral fusion was confined to the cervical spine (always including the C2-3 fusion and reduced expression of the C4-5 and C6-7 fusions) in association with malformation of laryngeal cartilages and mild-to-severe vocal impairment.

Chromosome Inversion↗
PubMed1977

Radiologic studies of larynx after radiotherapy for carcinoma.

Antero-posterior linear tomography was used in conjunction with a xeroradiographic lateral view of the neck to study 35 cases of carcinoma of larynx previously treated by irradiation. Although false negatives and false positives did occur, this method is reasonably reliable in the diagnosis or exclusion of recurrent malignancy.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1976

[Radiotherapy following surgery of the larynx].

A method of radiotherapy following total or partial surgery of the larynx is described. Criteria for the selection of patients and a technique of treatment are suggested. The results from 1966 to 1971 are reported.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The mechanisms of the formation of injuries to the hyoid bone and laryngeal and tracheal cartilages in compression of the neck].

For the first time the author draws valid conclusions about the mechanisms of formation of an injury to the complex of organs of the neck in strangulation asphyxia. Analysis is based on comprehensive investigation of 137 cases of hanging, 30 cases with strangulation with a loop, and 12 with strangulation by hands. Anatomic and topographic correlations of neck structures, peculiarities of external exposure, localization and type of injuries are considered. New data were obtained, which permit a well-based judgement on the level, direction, and multiplicity (sequence) of exposure of the anterior part of the neck.

Asphyxia↗
PubMed1989

Anatomic foramina in the thyroid cartilage: incidence and implications for the spread of laryngeal cancer.

Anatomic openings in the posterosuperior portion of the thyroid lamina of the larynx were first described in the 19th century. In the present study of 121 coronally sectioned larynges, such openings were found in 47 (39%), appearing bilaterally in 15 and unilaterally in 32. In a separate study of 69 cadaver larynges, the openings were found in 39 (57%), appearing bilaterally in 16 and unilaterally in 23. In 51 laryngectomy specimens removed for squamous cell cancer and showing foramina, tumor was not observed to invade or traverse the foramen in a single case, even in those specimens with tumor overlying the foramen and displaying framework invasion at other sites. Invasion by cancer through the foramen appears to be prevented by a layer of fibroelastic tissue overlying the medial surface of the foramen, parallel to the inner surface of the thyroid lamina. This layer of fibroelastic tissue may represent perichondrium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2003

Management of bilateral arytenoid cartilage fixation versus recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis.

Bilateral arytenoid cartilage fixation (ACF) closely resembles vocal cord immobility due to recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (RLNP). This study sought to determine the etiologic differences between these two entities and to derive conclusions about treatment. The charts of 218 consecutive adult patients with immobility of both vocal cords requiring surgery for airway restoration were reviewed. The results of laryngeal electromyography and laryngotracheoscopy were used to distinguish ACF from RLNP. In 186 patients (85.3%), RLNP was identified. Of these, 154 paralyses (82.8%) were caused by surgical interventions, 5 (2.7%) were caused by previous intubation, 16 (8.6%) were caused by various malignancies, and 7 (3.8%) were neurogenic. In 4 patients (2.2%), the cause remained unclear. We identified ACF in 32 patients. The etiologic factors included previous long-term intubation in 22 patients (68.8%), short-term intubation in 3 patients (9.4%), Wegener's granulomatosis in 3 patients (9.4%), rheumatoid arthritis in 2 patients (6.3%), previous laryngeal surgery in 1 patient (3.1%), and caustic ingestion in 1 patient (3.1%). Additional second-site airway stenosis was found in 10 of the RLNP patients (5.4%) and in 15 of the ACF patients (46.9%). All RLNP patients had endoscopic surgery without temporary tracheotomy. Eighteen ACF patients required open surgery, and 4 were managed endoscopically but required temporary tracheotomy. The etiologic factors were significantly different for the two entities under study. Additional sites of stenosis were more frequent in ACF patients. Stenosis due to RLNP could be managed endoscopically without preliminary tracheotomy, while ACF frequently required open surgery and temporary tracheotomy.

Adult↗