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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

The effects of fungicide benomyl (benlate) on growth and mitosis in onion (Allium cepa L.) root apical meristem.

In this study, the effects of benomyl, a systemic fungicide were investigated in the mitotic cell division in onion (Allium cepa) root tip cells during germination. For this aim, different concentrations (1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 mM) of benomyl solutions were used. All the concentrations used caused several abnormalities in mitotic cell divisions and the mitotic frequency in the onion root tip cells decreased as the concentration of benomyl solution increased. Based on our findings, it is reported that benomyl has some negative effects on mitotic divisions in onion root tip cells.

Benomyl↗
PubMed1999

Effect of cisplatin on Allium cepa root meristem cells.

Allium cepa root growth was retarded by cisplatin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. A decrease in the mitotic index (MI) and an increase in the number of interphase cells was seen in cisplatin treated root tips. An increase in the frequency of abnormal mitoses and chromosomal aberrations was also observed in cisplatin treated groups which indicates its genotoxic effect on plant cells. The endogenous glutathione (GSH) level in the root tips decreased significantly after cisplatin treatment which may favour its increased interaction with cellular DNA thereby developing enhanced chromosomal aberrations and affecting cell divisions and root growth. It is suggested that the decrease in endogenous GSH may be related to the development of cisplatin-mediated genotoxic effects in plants.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1984

The development and dynamics of the root apical meristem.

During the past ten years our concepts of the root apex and how it functions have expanded considerably. Through the use of several unique root tissue systems investigators have characterized the populations of cells which comprise the apex and have refined our views of the ways in which these populations interact to regulate aspects of root development. The aim of this paper is to present a summary of current thoughts on root development with emphasis on the activities of the cells comprising the root apex.

Allium↗
PubMed1999

Root meristem ultrastructure of soybean seedlings infected with a pathogenic fungus in microgravity.

Plants are an important component of the controlled ecological life-support system (CELSS) for future long-term spaceflight and the International Space Station. Therefore, it is critical to understand the susceptibility of plants to pathogen infection in microgravity. An increase in both hyphal growth and sporangia formation in Phycomyces blakes in microgravity has been described. Plant cell walls, a critical barrier for pathogen invasion, have been reported to undergo changes in microgravity including changes in the wall structure. For example, a decrease in the crystalline cellulose content and an increase in the hemicellulose content in cell walls of plants grown in clinostats and in microgravity have been reported. Based of these previous reports, we hypothesize that susceptibility of plants to pathogen infection in microgravity would be increased relative to the ground control.

Meristem↗
PubMed2001

[Cytogenetic effects of separate and combined action of 232Th and Cd nitrates on Allum cepa root meristem cells].

Effects of separate and combined action of 232Th and Cd on Allium cepa root tip cells were investigated. It has been shown that cytogenetic effects of 232Th results mainly from its ability to induce genome damages. Cadmium in the examined concentration does not induce chromosomal vagrants, and this effect is not intensified by the combined action of 232Th and Cd (with 232Th). Cd induced increased aberrations of chromosome type frequency (1.5 times more than in control group), and fragment frequence, while mitotic index was significantly decreased. While taking into consideration the frequency of anaphase--telophase damages, and the number of aberrations per cell, the combined effects of 232Th and Cd may be considered as synergic. The aberration type ratio, frequencies of bridges and fragments, and also the level of proliferative activity of 232Th and Cd in the presence of both ions were similar with the corresponding parameters obtained when Cd acted alone. Possible mechanisms of formation of 232Th and Cd synergic effects are discussed.

Cadmium↗