Adjuvant CMF effect on site of first recurrence, and appropriate follow-up intervals, in operable breast cancer with positive axillary nodes.
From June 1973 to May 1978 a total of 845 patients with operable breast cancer were entered into different adjuvant programs. The medical records of the 278 patients showing relapse were carefully re-evaluated to assess the pattern(s) of first recurrence and the consistency of follow-up modulation. Ninety-one of 179 patients treated with surgery alone, 130 of 414 given 12 cycles of adjuvant CMF and 57 of 252 treated with 6 cycles of CMF showed treatment failure within 5 years from radical mastectomy. The frequency of new disease manifestations was significantly affected by primary treatment, since patients given adjuvant CMF showed a lower tendency to recur in local-regional area(s) and in bone(s). However, in relapsed patients, patterns of new lesions were not substantially altered by type of primary treatment. The most frequently involved sites were soft tissues (37.8%) and bones (37%) followed by viscera (34.2%). Retrospective evaluation of X-rays revealed that in 26.2% of osseous metastases, diagnosis could have been assessed earlier, with a median delay of 4 months (range 1-8). Present analysis also revealed that short-term repeated X-ray examinations yielded findings more controversial than reliable for assessing the exact time of relapse, thus preventing firm conclusions in the presence of suspicious recurrence. A new follow-up schedule after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy is proposed, since on the basis of our experience, in asymptomatic patients frequently repeated examinations are not necessary and some can safely be omitted.