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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A case of neurogenic bladder due to arachnoid cyst of the middle cranial fossa].

A 6-year-old girl, with urinary incontinence for the past 3 years, showed an overactive bladder and detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) in urodynamic study. An epileptic focus in the right occipital area, as well as a large arachnoid cyst in the left middle cranial fossa was revealed by EEG and intracranial CT. After surgery for the arachnoid cyst, urinary incontinence was improved with disappearance of the epileptic focus in EEG, and an alteration of overactive bladder into normolactive one and improvement of DSD were observed in urodynamic study. It was considered that the urinary incontinence of this case might be associated with the ectopic epileptic focus due to the arachnoid cyst.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1990

[Two cases of neurogenic bladder due to HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM)].

Case-1 (24-year-old female) had complained of slowly progressive urinary incontinence (since 14 years old) and gait disturbance (since 18 years old). A marked pyramidal disorder was observed, and anti-HTLV-1 antibody (1:640) was present in her peripheral blood. She was diagnosed as having HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM). Repeated urodynamic studies (UDS) revealed exacerbation of overactive bladder and detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) with the progress of the disease. Case-2 (48-year-old male) had complained of gait disturbance (since 32 years old) and progressive urinary hesitancy (since 46 years old). Physical examination revealed a marked pyramidal disorder. Anti-HTLV-1 antibody (1:200) and ATL-like cells were present in his peripheral blood. He was diagnosed as having HAM. The voiding cystourethrography demonstrated an abnormal change of the bladder wall. UDS revealed overactive bladder and marked DSD. Medications based on adrenocortical steroids and urological cares have improved urinary disturbance, in both cases.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1994

[Studies on neurogenic bladder due to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I associated myelopathy (HAM)].

Fifty cases of untreated human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) associated myelopathy (HAM) were evaluated by urodynamic studies to clarify the nature of urinary disturbance and to find out suitable urological treatment. Both irritative and obstructive symptoms coexisted in the HAM patients. 38% of the patients experienced only urinary symptoms throughout the affected period. A main cause of frequency was detrusor hyperreflexia at filling phase, which was found in 58% of the patients. However, decreased effective bladder capacity due to large amount of residual urine was possibly an another cause of frequency. Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia was the main cause of difficulty of urination, but in some cases underactive detrusor at voiding phase was also the cause of difficulty of urination. Hydronephrosis was observed in only 5 kidneys, although as many as 30 out of 46 cases (65.2%) showed bladder deformity. 17 cases (34%) had urinary tract infection at first visit. As the activity of daily living was deteriorated, the mean volume of residual urine, incidence of detrusor hyperreflexia and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia were all increased. Medical treatment was effective to relieve subjective symptoms, but urodynamic examination did not necessarily review improvement. Intermittent catheterization was needed and successful in 64% of all cases. Patients with HAM must be carefully followed up by urologists.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Neuropathology of diabetic neurogenic bladder.

Disturbances of urinary bladder function are well-recognized problems in diabetic patients and are generally attributed to peripheral neuropathy. Because of the difficulties inherent in the histologic examination of the peripheral autonomic nerves, little is known about the pathology of these nerves. Recently, alterations have been observed in fine axons in the bladder wall in diabetic subjects. Pathologic changes have also been observed in ganglia of the bladder wall. Abnormalities previously described in the autonomic ganglia and nerve trunks of diabetic subjects may also be important in the development of urinary bladder dysfunction.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1999

[Long-term follow-up of children with neurogenic bladder and artificial urinary sphincter].

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Since 1986 an artificial urinary sphincter was implanted in 16 children (13 males and 3 females) 4 to 12 years old (median age 9) in order to solve their urinary incontinence. Mean age at implantation was 9 years. In 10 children (63%) only the implant procedure of artificial sphincter was performed without any other procedure associated (Group A), while in 6 children an augmentation cystoplasty simultaneously was performed (Group B). The results were analysed in both groups separately: 1. Group A: 10 patients. Two are functioning excellently after 10 and 11 years of follow up. Eight developed some type of troublesome: Five developed a deterioration of urinary tract and all of five were treated by augmentation cystoplasty; one of them is in a good condition after 11 years, another presented a fail of the device after 10 years, it has been changed, and in the others three the apparatus was removed by diverse causes. Two developed a mechanical fail of device: one was removed due familiar decision and the other has received another device. One urinary fistula developed 6 months later. The device was removed. 2. Group B: 6 patients (artificial sphincter and augmentation cystoplasty simultaneously). Five are functioning without trouble some. One persistent urinary fistula. The device was removed. Actually, of 16 cases (both groups) 8 cases (50%) are good functioning, 6 devices have been removed and 2 are waiting a new implant. CONCLUSIONS: The artificial urinary sphincter is a good solution for children with urinary incontinence in selected cases, but is mandatory a correct follow up because longterm complications can be developed. Results seem better when an augmentation cystoplasty is associated.

Child↗