Structural and functional significance of intermediate filament proteins in the human organ of Corti.
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Five human cochleas were evaluated using the block surface method. The numbers of hair cells, nerve fibres in the osseous spiral lamina, and spiral ganglion cells were determined and correlated. The ultrastructural organization corresponds essentially to that of the mammalian ear, with the exception of multiple synaptic contacts of afferent nerve fibres with inner hair cells and surprisingly large numbers of outer spiral fibres.
Confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunofluorescence were used to detect gentamicin at the single cell level in the sensory cells of the guinea-pig hearing organ after a chronic systemic treatment. Gentamicin uptake by the hair cells precedes largely the manifestation of hearing impairment. We demonstrate that for a non-ototoxic treatment the captured gentamicin is eliminated in two phases: one rapid and one slow with approximate half-life of 2 days and 5-6 months, respectively. These novel observations should be of primary importance for new rational approaches to both the mechanism of ototoxicity and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of infectious diseases requiring the aminoglycoside antibiotics.