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Managing arthritis with exercise.

Almost half of all older adults have arthritis, either degenerative or inflammatory. Regular exercise is an important therapeutic intervention for all types of arthritis. Specifically, regular exercise can prevent deconditioning of the muscles, keep the joints stable, improve joint function and flexibility, decrease pain, enhance aerobic fitness, improve balance, and decrease falls. A comprehensive exercise program should include stretching exercises followed by a range-of-motion program for joints, muscle strengthening, and aerobic exercise, if possible. Unfortunately, despite these known benefits, most older adults with arthritis do not engage in regular exercise. The Seven Step Approach was developed to provide a practical framework to help overcome barriers and improve exercise activity in older adults with arthritis.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2001

Communication: an important assessment and teaching tool.

Communication, as a process, is essential to adequate nursing care; language is a key factor. This article reviews the aspects of language that impair, and those that improve, communication in the health care setting. Standards are cited, along with recommendations for developing optimal communication skills within nursing's professional practice area. This includes the importance of using interpreters when language is a barrier.

Communication↗
PubMed1998

A strategy for informing patients and health professionals about unconventional cancer therapies.

BACKGROUND: A Guide to Unconventional Cancer Therapies was produced by the Ontario Breast Cancer Information Exchange Project with the intention of meeting needs of patients, family members, and health professionals for information about unconventional therapies. Concerns raised by health professionals during the development of the guide serve as a focus for considering its impact on cancer patients who purchased it. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Purchasers of the guide were sent a survey questionnaire inquiring about their access to, use of, and attitudes toward it. RESULTS: A total of 634 individuals responded to the survey, including cancer patients, health professionals, and family members. The guide was rated moderately helpful overall, and health professionals found it significantly more helpful than did cancer patients. A minority of patients were influenced to try an unconventional therapy as a result of reading the guide. Those who did try a new therapy typically chose ones that are most popular and have few potential negative effects. CONCLUSIONS: As an informational strategy, the Guide to Unconventional Cancer Therapies has been successful. Concerns expressed by some health professionals about potential harm through implementing the strategy have been shown to be largely unwarranted, at least for study respondents.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Tobacco cessation in dental settings: research findings and future directions.

The hazards associated with cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use have been well documented. In addition to its association with many cancers and coronary conditions, tobacco plays a role in the aetiology of a number of oral morbidities. Dental care practitioners are a largely untapped resource for providing advice and brief counselling to tobacco-using patients, and there are good reasons to believe that they can be effective. Data from seven randomised trials indicate there is ample evidence for the efficacy of dental office-based interventions, but adoption of these tobacco cessation activities into practice has been slow. The limited research on dissemination of tobacco interventions is promising, but there is a need to develop and evaluate new methods for encouraging adoption, implementation and maintenance of tobacco interventions into routine dental care. Several studies currently under way may help to increase the effectiveness and dissemination of office-based tobacco cessation programmes into routine dental care. If dental practitioners provided cessation assistance routinely to their patients and achieved even modest success rates, the public health impact would be enormous. Researchers and clinicians must continue to work together towards universal adoption of effective tobacco cessation interventions at each clinical encounter.

Dental Care↗
PubMed2001

Multidisciplinary education and management program for children with asthma.

A multidisciplinary program for managing asthma in a pediatric population is discussed. A coordinated, multidisciplinary program for managing asthma in children was initiated in November 1997 at a U.S. Army medical center. The program, designed to improve care and decrease hospitalizations for asthma, was pharmacist managed and pulmonologist directed and was implemented by pediatricians. Patient education was provided by a pediatric clinical pharmacist or a nurse case manager; providers also received intensive education. Follow-up occurred at predetermined intervals and included asthma education, discussion of expectations and goals, analysis of metered-dose-inhaler and spacer technique, and assessment of compliance. Between November 1997 and January 1999, 210 inpatients were screened for asthma. One hundred seven were believed to have asthma and received inpatient asthma counseling and teaching. Of these 107 patients, 79 were enrolled in the program and monitored in the ambulatory care setting. Seventy-one (90%) of the 79 program enrollees were not rehospitalized during the ensuing two years. The number of children admitted to the hospital for asthma decreased from 147 in 1997 (a rate of 3.2 per 1000 population) to 93 in 1998 (2.1 per 1000) and to 87 in 1999 (1.9 per 1000). A multidisciplinary approach to the management of children with asthma may reduce hospitalizations of such patients.

Anti-Asthmatic Agents↗