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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Reasons for replacement of restorations in permanent teeth in general dental practice.

OBJECTIVE: The analysis of reasons for the replacement of 9,805 amalgam, composite, glass ionomer, resin modified glass ionomer and 'other' restorations in permanent teeth in general dental practice. DESIGN: The data were subdivided on the bases of age and gender of the patients, the types of restorations and the clinicians' gender, experience and practice setting. RESULTS: The clinical diagnosis of secondary caries was the main reason for replacement of all types of restorations studied, followed by fracture of restorations, especially bulk fracture, irrespective of patient's age. Bulk discoloration was the third most common reason for replacement of resin based materials in adults, but it rarely occurred in adolescents 18 years and younger. The reasons for replacement of restorations were not associated with the gender of the patients. Subgroupings based on the clinicians' gender showed that female clinicians diagnosed secondary caries more often than male clinicians. Otherwise, the reasons for replacements were similar for both genders of clinicians. Subdivision of restorations based on the years since graduation of the clinicians resulted in small groups. The youngest group of clinicians diagnosed relatively more secondary caries both for amalgam and composite restorations than the most experienced group. CONCLUSION: The clinical diagnosis secondary caries was the main reason for replacement of all types of restorations studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

In vitro assessment of a gel base containing 2% chlorhexidine as a sodium perborate's vehicle for intracoronal bleaching of discolored teeth.

The purpose of this study was to assess a gel base containing 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) as a vehicle to be mixed with sodium perborate for intracoronal bleaching of discolored teeth, comparing its bleaching efficacy to sodium perborate mixed with other vehicles; 37% carbamide peroxide and 30% hydrogen peroxide. There were 110 fresh bovine incisors artificially stained using whole blood. The samples were divided into 11 groups and the intracoronal bleaching was performed using the "walking bleach technique". The bleaching agents were replaced three times at 7-day intervals. Using digital photos and a shade guide created for bovine teeth, the samples were evaluated at day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. On evaluation day, the photos were examined by three endodontists giving scores from 1 to 5 based on the shade guide created. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskall-Wallis test. After 28 days, all evaluated teeth received scores that were statistically similar. Groups that used sodium perborate and a liquid vehicle bleached faster than those that used a gel based vehicle. The CHX gel allowed dissociation for the bleaching agent. The 2% CHX gel exhibited a good potential for use as a vehicle for sodium perborate or as a complement for carbamide peroxide.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Long-term effect of different treatment modalities for traumatized primary incisors presenting dark coronal discoloration with no other signs of injury.

The aim was to compare the long-term outcomes of root canal treatment with that of follow-up-only in traumatized primary incisors in which dark discoloration is the only sign of injury. Root canal treatment was performed in 48 dark discolored asymptomatic primary incisors following trauma. Twenty-five of them [root canal treatment (RCT) group] were followed till eruption of their permanent successors. Ninety-seven dark discolored asymptomatic primary incisors were left untreated and invited for periodic clinical and radiographic examination. Of these, 28 [follow-up (FU) group] were followed till eruption of their permanent successors. The parameters examined included early extraction of the traumatized primary incisor, early or delayed eruption of the permanent successors, ectopic eruption of the permanent successor and signs of enamel hypopcalcification or hypoplasia in the permanent successor. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Seven of 25 (28%) of the RCT group and 32% (nine of 28) of the FU group required early extraction. Five of 25 (20%) of the RCT group and 21% (six of 28) of the FU group showed early or delayed eruption of the permanent successors. Sixteen of 25 (64%) of the RCT group and 79% (22 of 28) of the FU group showed ectopic eruption of the permanent successors. Enamel hypopcalcification or hypoplasia in the permanent successors was equally found (36%) in both groups (nine of 25 in the RCT group and 10 of 28 in the FU group). None of differences was statistically significant. Root canal treatment of primary incisors that had change their color into a dark-gray hue following trauma with no other clinical or radiographic symptom is not necessary as it does not result in better outcomes in the primary teeth and their permanent successors.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed2003

Sealing evaluation of the cervical base in intracoronal bleaching.

Discoloration of non-vital teeth is an esthetic deficiency frequently requiring bleaching treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the cervical base efficacy in order to prevent or to minimize the leakage along the root canal filling and into the dentinal tubules. Thirty-eight extracted single-root human teeth were used, which were biomechanically prepared, filled, and divided into three experimental groups: G1, a cervical base was applied (3 mm of thickness) below the cemento-enamel junction, with resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (Vitremer); G2, the base was done with glass-ionomer cement (Vidrion R); and G3 (Control), did not receive any material as base. A mixture of sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide 30% was placed inside the pulp chamber for 3 days, and the access opening was sealed with Cimpat. This procedure was repeated thrice. Soon after this, a paste of calcium hydroxide was inserted into the pulp chamber for 14 days. All teeth were covered with two layers of sticky wax, except the access opening, and immersed in blue India Ink for 5 days. The results did not show statistically significant differences between the three groups concerning the leakage inside the dentinal tubules. Regarding the apical direction, a statistical difference (ANOVA P < 0.05) was observed among the experimental group G1 and control group G3. No statistically significant difference was observed between G2 and G3 groups. Therefore, the placement of a cervical base before internal bleaching procedures is still recommended.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

Integration of composite and ceramic restorations in tetracycline-bleached teeth: a case report.

UNLABELLED: The success of an esthetic rehabilitation depends on the understanding of the patient's need and expectation. The management of patients with moderate to severe tetracycline-stained teeth is very challenging. Tooth whitening may be a valid alternative to more aggressive treatments; however, patients should be aware of the limitations of tooth whitening therapy. Clinicians may select differing treatment plans; tooth whitening can improve intrinsic discoloration in a way so that no further treatment is required. Once tooth whitening is completed, direct or indirect restorative procedures may be afforded to match the existing restoration with the bleached tooth structure. This article describes a conservative clinical approach to rehabilitate the smile of a patient with moderate to severe tetracycline-stained teeth using a combination of tooth whitening and direct composite and indirect porcelain restorations in the maxillary anterior segment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The combination of tooth whitening and adhesive restorations allows clinicians a significantly more conservative approach to intrinsically stained teeth; tooth preparation for porcelain veneers and porcelain-fused-to-metal and full-ceramic crowns can be restricted to conditions in which persistent tooth discoloration or significant loss of both dentin and enamel exists.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Dental and oral discolorations associated with minocycline and other tetracycline analogs.

UNLABELLED: It has been well acknowledged in recent literature that minocycline, a semisynthetic tetracycline derivative, causes discolorations in adult teeth and various other collagenous tissues. This article presents the most common patterns of minocycline staining in addition to comparing the staining patterns of other tetracycline analogs in the permanent dentition. It also reviews the literature's most prominent theories describing the process of minocycline discoloration, and evaluates their plausibility. It is a goal of this article to make dental practitioners aware of the possible effects of minocycline therapy and to highlight useful ways to treat or prevent these discolorations. Currently, conventional treatments include vital and nonvital bleaching, veneers, or crowns, depending on the severity of the discoloration. The literature shows that possible preventive efforts revolve around cessation of the drug or the use of large doses of vitamin C or other antioxidants in conjunction with minocycline therapy to prevent the formation of the pigment responsible for the staining. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Minocycline and other tetracycline analogs are well known for causing discoloration of developing teeth in children. However, practitioners must be aware of the tooth staining potential of minocycline in adult populations as well. Studies suggest that the concomitant use of vitamin C may help prevent adult-onset pigmentation caused by minocycline.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Dental caries and tetracycline-stained dentition in an American Indian population.

Complaints of enamel defects in American Indian children residing on the St. Regis reservation in New York State prompted an epidemiological study. The results of that study, reported earlier (Rebich et al., 1983), indicated that over one-fifth of the American Indian children had discoloration of the dentition due to ingestion of tetracycline during the years of tooth formation. These data also provided an ideal opportunity to examine the link between tetracycline staining and caries which has been postulated by previous authors. American Indian children, ages 7-18, were found to have a higher caries experience than other children and a lower rate of dental service utilization, as evidenced by the filled component of the DMFS index (FS/DMFS). Within the American Indian population, however, no indication was found of any association between tetracycline staining and dental caries.

Adolescent↗