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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with brainstem infarction.

Brainstem infarction associated with the primitive trigeminal artery is rare. We describe the case of a 61-year-old man with an acute myocardial infarction as well as a brainstem infarction. The patient was referred for coronary artery bypass grafting. Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (left internal thoracic artery to the second diagonal branch anastomosis) could be safely performed 10 weeks after an episode of brainstem infarction.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1991

Cervical herpes zoster and delayed brainstem infarction.

Varicella-zoster (VZ) virus is a rare cause of CNS angiitis, which commonly presents as herpes zoster ophthalmicus with contralateral hemiplegia due to hemispheric infarction. We report the first case of VZ-angiitis with infarction in the ventral pons, following cervical herpes zoster.

Brain Stem↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Massive cerebellar infarction: "conservative" management.

Eleven patients with large cerebellar infarctions were admitted recently to our service. Eight of them showed evidence of hydrocephalus on the CT scan examination. Five were treated with controlled external ventricular drainage and six were managed conservatively. One death, most likely due to progressive brainstem infarction, occurred. The outcome was favorable in the other patients. It is suggested that prompt treatment of the acute obstructive hydrocephalus may obviate the need for posterior fossa decompression in patients with massive cerebellar infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid in cerebral infarction.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homovanillic acid (HVA) concentration was measured in 39 consecutive cases of hemispheric infarction, 7 cases of brainstem infarction, and in 16 controls. The CSF-HVA level was 38 +/- 15 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D.) in the control patients, 15 +/- 6 ng/ml in patients with brainstem infarcts, and 49 +/- 41 ng/ml in those with hemispheric infarcts. The CSF-HVA levels were decreased in brainstem infarct cases (p less than 0.001) and greatly scattered in patients with hemispheric infarcts (range 4--207 ng/ml) when compared to controls. The decrease of levels of CSF-HVA in brainstem infarct cases may reflect interference with the dopaminergic pathways. CSF-HVA values in hemispheric infarction could not be related to the acuteness, location, nor severity of the lesion. The broad range of CSF-HVA values may be due to the interaction of multiple, as yet unknown factors. These findings suggest that dopamine metabolism is altered in many cases with acute brain infarction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[State of serotonin--monoamine oxidase and histamine--diamine oxidase systems in circulating blood in ischemic strokes].

The serotonin-monoamine oxidase and histamine-diamine oxidase systems in the arteria and venous blood of the brain were examined in 65 patients with ischemic cerebral stroke. The examinations have shown that in the acute period of the disease the metabolism of serotonin and histamine is disturbed, the degree and the character of these disturbances depending substantially on the stroke clinical manifestations, process localization and the disease outcome. In infarctions in the large hemispheres without the secondary stem syndrome, the changes of the amine metabolism are determined by the state of the enzymes inactivating them. In patients with the secondary stem syndrome, the monoamine oxidase content in the blood leaving the brain is lowered, the methylation processes are activated, and the histamine level decreased, while the serotonin level is high. In cases of primary affection of the brain stem and the lethal outcome of the disease the blood levels of serotonin and histamine are high. Use of serotonin antagonists in ischemic stroke and antihistaminic drugs in primary affection of the brain stem is substantiated.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1998

EEG findings during basilar migraine attacks in children.

We present clinical and EEG findings in 4 children with basilar migraine (BM) (three female and one male, age 11 to 13.5 years). All patients had an EEG during the acute attack and a follow-up EEG within 4 to 18 days. In two patients the EEG, done within 4 h of the onset of symptoms (initial stage), showed diffuse polymorphic subdelta-delta activity. In two other children the EEG, performed 16 h after the onset of symptoms, showed delta-theta activity predominant over the occipital regions. Resolution of these abnormalities during follow-up was observed in all patients. We wish to stress the danger of misinterpretation of the slow wave activity in the EEG of patients with BM attacks. Together with the clinical findings and their evolution, EEG results should not be interpreted as a sign of a structural brain-stem lesion, such as infarction or inflammation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Locked-in syndrome with bilateral ventral midbrain infarcts.

We report a patient who was quadriplegic and mute, but retained consciousness and communicated by eye movements and blinks. EEG and SEPs were normal. BAEPs showed slight prolongation of latencies for waves IV and V. MRI showed bilateral infarcts only in the middle and lateral portions of the cerebral peduncles.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Prognostic value of multimodal evoked potentials in neurologic intensive care patients].

In neurological patients with severe cerebral disease requiring intensive care unit treatment serial examinations of brainstem acoustic evoked responses and median nerve evoked cortical somatosensory potentials regularly allow the detection of typical constellations which can be attributed to primary supra- or infratentorial disease. These findings are of diagnostical use but also allow prognostical statements. Here, somatosensory evoked potentials are of great value. In a series of 255 patients, all 57 showing bilaterally abolished somatosensory potentials did not recover. Therefore, the demonstration of bilaterally absent somatosensory potentials in supratentorial cerebral disease invariably designates poor prognosis.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging of brainstem infarction].

Thirty-three patients with old brainstem infarct were studied with MR imaging at 1.5T. T1-weighted images were most useful for diagnosing brainstem infarct. Brainstem infarcts were most frequently observed at the central portion of the mid pons. All of the lesions of three patients with medullary infarct were right sided. Both of the lesions of two patients with midbrain infarct were relatively large. Brainstem infarcts frequently accompanied supratentorial lacunar infarcts and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Cervical cord and dorsal medullary infarction presenting with retro-orbital pain.

A 36-year-old woman experienced an excruciating right retro-orbital paroxysmal headache after a stroke of the anterior two-thirds of the right hemicord at the C1 level (anterior spinal artery territory) and the dorsal medulla (posterior spinal artery territory). A right vertebral artery dissection was demonstrated. This unusual infarct mimicked a cluster headache attack or paroxysmal hemicrania.

Adult↗