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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Population genetics approach to the problem of nonspecific biological resistance of the human body. II. Clinical characteristics, congenital anomalies and genetic structure of sick children with attention to birth weight and length].

Clinical analysis of several groups of newborns and infants arranged by 2 metrical characters has shown that morphologically average individuals ("adaptive norm") are most resistant to the wide range of diseases including congenital malformations. The frequency of grave diseases and congenital malformations is much higher in newborns and infants with extreme (especially low) values of characters, each group of extreme variants being characterized by a specific set of diseases. Statistically significant differences in genetic structure of these groups are detected: departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and lower level of heterozygosity for ABO and Ww loci are observed in a group of children with low weight and body length values. These features are most pronounced in the group comprising dead newborns and infants.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1993

Population genetics of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli: taxonomical and epidemiological purpose.

A genetic analysis of a set of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli stocks was performed by two combined approaches, namely multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and labeling by DNA probes. A considerable genetic variability was evidenced within each of the two species. Since the upper level of resolution of the isoenzyme method was reached, it was impossible to draw any definite discrimination between the two species by usual clustering methods. Nevertheless, two markers appeared as species-specific, namely the malic enzyme, and a probe that hybridizes highly-repeated sequences of T. cruzi.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Population genetics and strain typing of microorganisms: how to detect departures from panmixia without individualizing alleles and loci.

The actual impact of genetic exchange in natural populations of microorganisms is presently under debate. It is indispensable to precisely estimate this parameter in order to assess the stability in space and time of these microorganisms' genotypes, and hence, their epidemiological and medical relevance. Population genetic concepts make it possible to address this question rigorously. Nevertheless, the analyses are made difficult by the fact that very often, the genetic markers used do not allow discrimination of individual alleles and loci. This work presents some linkage disequilibrium tests usable even under these conditions, and hence applicable with any class of marker (isoenzymes, RFLP, RAPD, DNA fingerprinting).

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1992

Human population genetic studies using hypervariable loci. I. Analysis of Assamese, Australian, Cambodian, Caucasian, Chinese and Melanesian populations.

Population genetic studies, in Australian, Assamese, Cambodian, Chinese, Caucasian and Melanesian populations, were performed with several highly polymorphic DNA loci. Results showed that the Caucasian and Chinese had the highest level of heterozygosity. The size range of the majority of the polymorphic DNA fragments of a locus was the same in the different populations. The distinguishing feature of each ethnic group was the relative frequency of a particular set or group of alleles. For example, alleles greater than 9.0 kb in size, in D14S13, or from 4.5 to 4.7 kb, in D18S27, were less than half as frequent in Caucasians than in the other populations. Overall, there were groups of alleles, at one or more loci, whose frequencies were different among some of the ethnic groups and therefore could be used to differentiate one group from the other.

Alleles↗
PubMed2004

"They want to know where they came from": population genetics, identity, and family genealogy.

This paper discusses the changing relationship between population genetics, family genealogy and identity. It reports on empirical research with participants in a genetic study who anticipated that personal feedback on the analysis of their donated samples would elucidate aspects of their own family genealogies. The paper also documents how geneticists, building on the practices of offering personal feedback to research participants, have developed genetic tests marketed directly to people wishing to trace their ancestry. Some of the social and ethical issues raised by this development in the use of genetic testing are considered.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1987

The sampling theory of neutral alleles and an urn model in population genetics.

The behaviour of a Pólya-like urn which generates Ewens' sampling formula in population genetics is investigated. Connections are made with work of Watterson and Kingman and to the Poisson-Dirichlet distribution. The order in which novel types occur in the urn is shown to parallel the age distribution of the infinitely many alleles diffusion model and consequences of this property are explored. Finally the urn process is related to Kingman's coalescent with mutation to provide a rigorous basis for this parallel.

Alleles↗
PubMed1984

Placental enzymes: a population genetic study.

A total of more than 800 placentae from six different population groups have been examined for electrophoretic variation in 13 enzyme systems. Whilst, in many instances, the phenotype designation is presumptive, having been arrived at after critical visual comparison with illustrations in the literature, a number of new alleles have been reported here and further population genetic data have been presented. Two new alleles, MPI3 and MPI4 are described in the mannose phosphate isomerase system the former in both the Port Moresby sample and in the Chinese, whilst the latter was restricted to the Chinese samples. Also, the New Guinea MDHs 3-1 phenotype has been detected for the first time in placentae. In addition, a new allele in the aconitase system, ACONs8 has been described in the Chinese samples.

Aconitate Hydratase↗