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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Coping with anxiety and panic: a factor analytic study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the coping styles that agoraphobia sufferers adopt when attempting to cope with symptoms of anxiety and panic. It aimed to extend Watts's (1989) Coping with Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) by including items to assess self-vigilance. It was hypothesized that agoraphobia sufferers would adopt consistent coping styles that would be related to symptom severity. DESIGN: A factor analysis was performed on questionnaire data. METHOD: A postal questionnaire was completed by members (N = 112) of a self-help group for agoraphobia and panic sufferers. All participants completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory, an Agoraphobia Severity Scale and a slightly modified version of the CAQ. Coping styles were identified via factor analysis of the CAQ items. RESULTS: Three coping styles were identified, which were labelled Effective Coping, Avoidant Coping and Self-vigilance. The latter two coping styles were found to be correlated with increased levels of agoraphobic symptomatology and with higher levels of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The present results support the previous research on coping tactics in anxiety and are compatible with cognitive therapy accounts of the role of self-vigilance in anxiety disorders.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

[Psychosocial stress and essential hypertension].

A case-control study of 72 pairs indicated that stress events in daily life stimulative factor might induce the development of hypertension in susceptible persons. The sustained stress of tension and anxiety and passive mood of psychodefence could be the psychological factors inducing hypertension. Personality, as a mediated variable, has an important influence on the initiation and progress of hypertension.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1976

[Investigation with the MMPI saarbrücken in patients with ulcerative colitis (author's transl)].

The aim of our investigation was to establish whether certain personality traits of patients with ulcerative colitis could be subjected to verification by means of a controlled psychological test. 30 patients with ulcerative colitis and 30 "healthy" control persons were tested with the MMPI Saarbrücken. The colitis patients differed from the control persons in respect of their significantly higher scores on the hypochondria scale, the depression scale, the paranoia scale and the scale measuring social introversion. These higher scores proved to be independent of duration of illness. On the other scales there were no significant differences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Some psychodiagnostic relevant personality variables of mothers of psychosocially abnormal children and adolescents].

One hundred mothers of psychosocially abnormal children and juveniles were subjected to a clinical and psychological examination by means of the INR questionnaire containing 70 questions to be answered. Neurotic and near-neurotic personalities and behavior patterns could be objectified in 71 percent of the subjects. Only 29 percent of the mothers tested gave normal psychological test results. The two groups of subjects were different in regard of both the intactness of marital relations and the ideational images of, and reasons given by, their children. The relatively large number of mothers showing negative psychological test results again underscores the need for intensive medical and psychological care of such persons and parents, respectively, in order to be able to make subsequent and effective corrections of psychic maldevelopments in adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Psychological aspects of irritable bowel syndrome.

The literature on psychological aspects of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is reviewed. Psychiatric and/or psychometric assessment of IBS samples has consistently revealed a high prevalence of psychological symptoms by comparison with non-psychiatric patient and healthy control groups. Various psychological factors have been implicated in the aetiology of IBS and in the decision to seek medical help, including psychoneurotic personality traits, abnormal illness behaviour and life event stress. Controlled studies of psychological intervention for IBS, while scarce, suggest that supportive psychotherapy and hypnotherapy may be helpful. The long-term efficacy of such treatments remains to be demonstrated.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1985

The personality of hand surgeons.

The aim of the present study was to investigate some aspects of motivation to practise hand surgery, psychological mindedness and personality characteristics in a group of 212 Hand Surgeons. The data was obtained by administering the Eysenck Personality Inventory, an especially constructed questionnaire, in a group setting at two conferences in Australia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A report on the psychological test results of battering parents.

The short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and Cattell's 16PF test have been given to patients attending the National Advisory Centre on the Battered Child (NSPCC) and in the case of the personality questionnaire the results compared to non-battering control adults' scores. The intelligence levels of battering parents conform to normal expectation although there is a non-significant trend to marginally lower than normal results especially in verbal tests. The 16PF test reveals immature impetuosity on the part of the mothers as a main finding and introversion in the fathers. The relevance of these findings to battering is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Does fortune favour the bald? Psychological correlates of hair loss in males.

In order to investigate the relationship between male hair loss and psychological distress, 182 men were recruited who had a wide range of ages and hair loss varying from none to severe. Care was taken to ensure that hair loss and age were uncorrelated in the sample. Multiple regression was used to predict possible consequences of baldness, controlling for age, and examining the interaction between baldness and age to see if consequences were especially severe in cases of premature baldness. Increasing degrees of hair loss were associated with loss of self-esteem, depression, introversion, neuroticism and feeling unattractive. These effects were more marked for young men in the case of self-esteem, introversion and feeling unattractive.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A delusional disorder that occurred in one of a pair of monozygotic twins.

The authors reported a pair of male monozygotic twins in one of whom a delusional disorder occurred, and discussed the etiology of that disorder. The analysis of the twins indicates the following: 1. The disposition for the delusional disorder might be related to a psychological tendency to experience a delusion that might be based on a genetic factor. This might be strengthened by the development of a hypersensitive personality (Kretschmer, E.) promoted by environmental factors. 2. A hypersensitive personality might be a significant risk factor for the delusional disorder.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Research on drug dependence in India.

The persistent problem of drug dependence has been studied in India from several disciplinary angles. The present exercise attempts to answer the question of whether these efforts have been able to build up a dependable and comprehensive body of literature. While available studies show the magnitude of the problem in different population groups, there are obvious information gaps which discourage attempts to evolve countrywide estimates. This is also the case with such aspects as personal attributes of drug users, socio-cultural background and psychological characteristics. Such data gaps show up further when processes of experimentation or abstinence, as well as psychosocial implications, are examined. These considerations call for the intensification of research activities, development of a co-ordinated research programme and the investigation of the problem from different disciplinary perspectives.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Enhancing administrator-clinician relationships: the role of psychological type.

The psychological dispositions of a sample of health administrators are contrasted with those of normative samples of physicians and nurses. Comparisons show that both physicians and nurses are more introverted, feeling, and perceiving than administrators, who tend to be more extraverted, thinking, and judging. Strategies for a common language and better communication for improved relationships between administrators and clinicians are outlined.

Awareness↗
PubMed1986

The psychological effects of being a prisoner of war: forty years after release.

Forty years after the end of World War II, the authors compared a random sample of former Japanese-held Australian prisoners of war (POWs) with a group of non-POW combatants of the same era. The POWs were significantly more depressed than were the control subjects, but the two groups did not differ in prevalence of anxiety symptoms or alcohol problems. Apart from a higher rate of postwar duodenal ulcer in the POWs, the two groups had similar degrees of medical morbidity.

Aged↗