PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Kuwait”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Pattern of parvovirus B 19 infection during different trimesters of pregnancy in Kuwait.

OBJECTIVE: Aims of this study were to determine the IgG and IgM seropositivity to parvovirus B19 during the three trimesters of pregnancy. METHODS: Initially, a total of 1,047 pregnant women were included in a prospective study. Blood samples were obtained from 343, 406 and 298 cases in the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. To study the incidence of seroconversion, a second sample of blood was obtained 2-4 weeks later from the first 100 cases, who were IgG and IgM negative in the first trimester. RESULTS: The seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM was 53.3% and 2.2%, respectively. The incidence of seroconversion was 16.5%. The rate of fetal loss was 15.4% in patients with acute infection, all of which occurred in the first two trimesters. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of IgG positive cases is significantly higher in first and second trimesters compared to the third trimester. The seroconversion rate was 16.5%.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1986

Hodgkin's disease in children in Kuwait.

Between 1968 and 1981, 78 children younger than age 15 years were diagnosed, staged, treated, and followed up for a minimum period of 2 years. Most cases (64%) were in their first decade and the male-to-female ratio was 1.9:1. Mixed cellularity type occurred in 49% and nodular sclerosis in 32%. Lymphocytic depletion type was rare and occurred in only 4% of the cases. More than one half (53%) had Stages III and IV at presentation. The mediastinum was involved in 38%. The treatment of Stages I and II was mainly by radiotherapy, and Stages III and IV by combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The total survival was 75% and relapse-free survival was 53%. Since 1975, lymphography became a routine investigation and staging laparotomy was performed in selected case. The mantle field was extended to include the para-aortic bar and spleen in Stage II with enlarged mediastinum, Stage IIIs after laparotomy, and cases in which laparotomy was thought to be indicated but was not performed. The new policy resulted in marked improvement in survival (from 56% to 87%) and relapse-free survival (from 32% to 70%). The stage at presentation was the main prognostic factor, although in the second period of the study, the difference between Stage I and II disappeared.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reported frequency of physical activity, fitness, and fatness in Kuwait.

We studied reported frequency of physical activity (PA), body composition, and fitness in Kuwaiti females (n = 84) and males (n = 72), urban office government employees, or students. A sedentary (SED) group reported no or occasional participation in self-directed PA of 30 minutes or more during the week for the last 6 months; group LOF (low frequency) participated in 1-2 sessions/week (walking, jogging, sports such as volleyball, soccer, or gym); group HIF (higher frequency) reported three or more sessions/week. Aerobic fitness was measured using Bruce's treadmill protocol. Body fat and fat-free mass (FFM) were estimated from seven skinfolds and body weight (BW). Grip strength and trunk flexibility were also measured. Maximal O(2) consumption (VO(2)max)/BW was proportional to reported frequency of PA in males and females, indicating reliability of the reported PA frequencies. SED males (%fat > 25), SED and LOF females (%fat > 30) were overweight. In males, LOF PA was associated with lower %fat and higher flexibility than SED, and in females with higher VO(2)max/FFM than SED. LOF females, in contrast to males, were resilient to or exercised at levels insufficient for fat loss but sufficient for aerobic conditioning of the FFM, likely related to the low VO(2)max of females in which PA would have the most effect. HIF PA (>/=3/week) was associated in females with significantly lower %fat and higher flexibility than SED females and no further aerobic conditioning of the FFM, and in males with no further differences in study variables compared with LOF males. Grip strength was higher in males than females but was unrelated to frequency of PA, likely reflecting lack of strength training in the activities of most participants. Thus, low-frequency PA was associated with health benefits both in males (lower %fat) and females (higher VO(2)max/FFM). Probably due to the generally low fitness level of females and, hence, the high aerobic effort (%VO(2)max) required for exercise sufficient to impinge on fat stores, this was only achieved in females participating in higher weekly frequency (>/=3) of PA.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Down syndrome in Kuwait.

During a 7-year-period (1980-1986) trisomy 21 was confirmed in 635 cases (257 males and 278 females). There were 611 cases of trisomy 21 (96.2%), 12 of different translocations (1.9%), 9 of mosaicism (1.4%), and 3 with nonclassical karyotypes (0.5%). The frequency of chromosome aberrations in our study is compared to that of major world-wide cytogenetic surveys comprising 17,738 Down syndrome cases. These surveys showed that regular trisomy 21 constitutes 92.9%, translocations 4.3%, mosaicism 2.2%, and nonclassical karyotypes 0.5%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Subacute toxicity of the water-soluble fractions of Kuwait crude oil and partially combusted crude oil on Menidia beryllina and Palaemonetes pugio.

As a consequence of the 1991 Gulf War, a substantial amount of crude oil (CO) and partially combusted crude oil (PCO) were emitted into the environment. Therefore, the study objective was to evaluate the toxicity of the water soluble fraction (WSF) of CO and PCO on a fish, Menidia beryllina, and an invertebrate, Palaemonetes pugio, in 16-d flow-through tests. Specific growth rate (SGR) was studied as a function of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPHC) concentration in water. Reductions in SGR were observed in fish exposed to PCO and CO WSFs, with TPHC water concentration being 10-fold higher in CO exposures (67-145 microg/L) than in PCO exposures (4-12 microg/L). Significant negative correlations were observed between TPHC concentration and fish SGR in both CO (r2=0.730) and PCO (r2=0.867) exposures, with the slope being significantly lower for PCO exposures (-0.169) than CO exposures (-0.009). Differences between CO and PCO toxicity were not as clear in shrimp exposures due to slow growth rates and variability in TPHC concentrations. Qualitative PAH analysis indicated that naphthalene was present in the CO WSF whereas chrysene and benzo(a)pyrene were present in the PCO WSF. Heavy metal analysis of concentrated stock solutions indicated that the PCO WSF had substantially higher concentrations of some metals (Sr=2,521 microg/L, B=556 microg/L, and Ba=130 microg/L) than the CO WSF in which concentrations were less than 55 microg/L. Fish and shrimp tissue analysis did not reveal any uptake of parent PAH compounds from the water, which may be attributed to the formation of PAH metabolites.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

Diabetes mellitus in Kuwait. Incidence in the first 29 years of life.

The annual incidence of diabetes mellitus among Kuwaiti subjects 0-29 years of age during 1980-1981 was found to be 22.09 per 100,000. There was a very low incidence in the 0-14 and 0-19 year age groups (3.96 per 100,000 and 5.61 per 100,000, respectively). The age distribution at onset shows an increase in incidence with age without exhibiting any remarkable peaks. The total number of female diabetic patients exceeded the number of males by 32%, the male/female sex ratio being found to be 0.68, which is significantly less than that of the same age group in the general population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of keratinophilic fungi in animal folds in Kuwait.

Soil samples from seventeen animal herds (camels, goats, sheep, cows) were surveyed for the occurrence of keratinophilic fungi. Twenty four species related to eleven genera were recovered on defatted wool baits. Eleven Chrysosporium species were reported in the following order of dominance: C. keratinophilum, C. tropicum, C. indicum, C. queenslandicum, C. pannicola, C. carmichaelii, C. state of Arthroderma curreyi, C. zonatum, C. state of A. cuniculi and Chrysosporium state of Renispora flavissima. The Aphanoascus teleomorph of C. keratinophilum, C. indicum and C. tropicum were frequently reported in soils from cow and sheep folds. Scopulariopsis, Cephaliophora and Sepedonium, although not keratinolytic, were also recorded on wool baits of soils from cow herds which are slightly acidic. The frequency and distribution of these fungi are discussed in relation to animal species and the general ecological conditions of desert soils.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Urolithiasis in Kuwait.

This is a retrospective study of 142 stone-formers admitted during 1981 to a general surgical unit of a district hospital. The majority were adult non-Kuwaiti males. Contrary to expectations it was the manual workers from lower economical social strata who were commonly afflicted. The possible reasons for this are discussed. There were no specific biochemical defects in the patients' sera but of 22 patients whose 24-hour urines were examined, half had some abnormality. The majority of IVPs showed some anatomical abnormalities. Calculi were passed spontaneously in nearly half of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Plasmid-mediated drug resistance of shigellae in Kuwait.

Of 153 clinical isolates of shigellae examined, 64.7% belonged to Shigella flexneri, 18.9% to Sh. sonnei, 11.8% to Sh. boydii and 4.6% to Sh. dysenteriae. Part of these isolates were resistant to sulfamethoxazole and streptomycin (88.2% each), ampicillin (66.7%), tetracycline (63.4%) and co-trimoxazole (43.1%), with levels of resistance (MIC50 and MIC90) being invariably high. Resistance to three or more drugs (multidrug resistance) was seen in 77.8% of the isolates. All the 25 strains examined for transfer of resistance contained R-plasmids, both autotransferable and non-autotransferable (mobilized by transfer factor X). The frequency of transfer of different r-determinants varied from 2.7 X 10(-8) to 1.4 X 10(-3).

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vitamin D deficiency rickets at birth in Kuwait.

In the present study vitamin D deficiency rickets has been diagnosed within 24 hrs. of birth. Seventy five full term, otherwise healthy newborns, weighing more than 2.5 kg were born with rachitic rosary. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D was lower than normal in 56 newborns and 15 mothers. Alkaline phosphatase was higher than normal in 26 and radiological changes suggestive of rickets were seen in the wrist X ray of only 14 newborns. Hyperphosphataemia was present in all the newborns. 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D was markedly increased in six out of ten newborns.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗