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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Cemental tear: a risk factor in periodontal attachment loss.

The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the influence of cemental tear as a risk factor in periodontal attachment loss. Seventeen extracted, single-rooted teeth showing loss of attachment and having one cemental tear surface and one opposite intact surface were examined. The teeth were stained in 0.1% toluidine blue to visualize attached periodontal ligament remnants and examined in a light microscope under incident light. On each tooth, loss of attachment was measured along the long axis of the root from the cemento-enamel junction to the most coronal level of the periodontal ligament on intact as well as on defect surfaces. Cemental tear surfaces demonstrated a significantly greater loss of attachment than opposite intact surfaces (P < 0.0001). In one specimen, the cemental tear fragment was partially attached to the root after the extraction procedure. This specimen was processed for light microscopy to determine the location of the cemental tear fracture. Histological examination clearly revealed that the split between the root and the fragment had occurred along the cemento-dentinal border. The results indicate that cemental tear should be considered as a possible etiologic entity in localized rapid periodontal breakdown.

Dental Cementum↗
PubMed2001

Sexuality and attachment: a passionate relationship or a marriage of convenience?

The ubiquitous and persistent bodily urges of sexuality and their vicissitudes are explored in this paper, focusing on the complex relationship between libidinal desire and the attachment system, especially the latter's affect-regulating function. This complicated interrelationship is highlighted with clinical vignettes. Implications for transference and countertransference are explored in the discussion of affect regulation and its possible sexual entwining. Clinical data is presented to highlight the plasticity of sexuality. Sexuality's protean nature allows for a reassessment of the case of Little Hans, with emphasis on the unique interconnections between sexuality and the vital need for an attachment relationship. Stressing such interconnections raises important questions about the traditional concept of psychosexual stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

D-Amino acids influence ultrasonic calling in mice pups: effects of D-phenylalanine and D-leucine.

6-day-old mice pups were injected with D-amino acids (D-phenyl-alanine + D-leucine), and their ultrasonic distress vocalizations were measured. D-Amino acids, which exert opioid-like effects, reduce the number of ultrasonic calls without affecting the activity of the pups. This effect is reversed by naloxone, an opioid antagonist. The role of endogenous opioids in modulating early attachment is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Attachment processes in eating disorder and depression.

This study examines the relationship between attachment strategies and symptom reporting among college women. Sixty-one college women were selected who reported high or low levels of depressive and eating disorder symptoms. The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) was administered, and interview transcripts were rated with the Attachment Interview Q-Sort. The results indicated that women with hyperactivating AAI strategies were prone to reporting elevated levels of depressive symptoms, whereas women with deactivating strategies were prone to reporting elevated levels of eating-disorder symptoms, when depression was statistically controlled. These findings support the hypothesis that secondary or defensive attachment strategies predispose individuals toward different forms of symptom expression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The role of loneliness and social support in adjustment to loss: a test of attachment versus stress theory.

A longitudinal study of a matched sample of 60 recently widowed and 60 married men and women tested predictions from stress and attachment theory regarding the role of social support in adjustment to bereavement. Stress theory predicts a buffering effect, attributing the impact of bereavement on well-being to stressful deficits caused by the loss and assuming that these deficits can be compensated through social support. In contrast, attachment theory denies that supportive friends can compensate the loss of an attachment figure and predicts main effects of marital status and social support. Attachment theory further suggests that marital status and social support influence well-being by different pathways, with the impact of marital status mediated by emotional loneliness and the impact of social support mediated by social loneliness. Results clearly supported attachment theory.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

Attachment, attractiveness, and social interaction: a diary study.

To what extent are attachment styles manifested in natural social activity? A total of 125 participants categorized as possessing secure, avoidant, or anxious-ambivalent attachment styles kept structured social interaction diaries for 1 week. Several theoretically important findings emerged. First, compared with secure and anxious-ambivalent persons, avoidant persons reported lower levels of intimacy, enjoyment, promotive interaction, and positive emotions, and higher levels of negative emotions, primarily in opposite-sex interactions. Analyses indicated that avoidant persons may structure social activities in ways that minimize closeness. Second, secure people differentiated more clearly than either insecure group between romantic and other opposite-sex partners. Third, the subjective experiences of anxious-ambivalent persons were more variable than those of the other groups. Finally, the authors examined and rejected the possibility that attachment effects might be confounded with physical attractiveness. These findings suggest that feeling and behaviors that arise during spontaneous, everyday social activity may contribute to the maintenance of attachment styles in adulthood.

Adolescent↗