[Russian literature on the problems of medical parasitic diseases published during the first half of 1955].
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A variety of societal and cultural factors will increase host exposure or susceptibility to infectious agents, particularly parasites. Such factors have already had a major impact on the emergence of infectious diseases and the situation is likely to worsen further as we enter the new millennium. The changes that are enhancing the spread and transmission of parasitic diseases, as well as those which are adversely affecting host responsiveness, are examined with reference to specific parasites.
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A new procedure, based on centrifugation through multiple discontinuous gradients of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silica particles has been developed for the separation of almost pure eosinophils from blood samples of healthy donors. When this technique is employed for the purification of eosinophils from the peripheral blood of patients with parasitic diseases, two cell fractions almost pure in eosinophil granulocytes are harvested at different densities. Preliminary results, concerning the characterization of these cell fractions, indicate that in the terms of detectable membrane receptors and K cell activity, two distinct eosinophil subpopulations can be recognized.
A study of intestinal parasites was carried out in Taounate, Béni Mellal and Tizinit provinces in Morocco on a sample of 1682 individuals who were representative of the urban and rural area population. For each stool specimen, three microscopic examinations and a Kato test were performed. In the three provinces, about two-thirds of the study participants from rural areas and around 50% of those from urban areas had parasites. The reproducibility of the prevalence figures allowed the study results be generalized to the other provinces of the country. Among the parasite groups encountered, amoebas were the most frequent, followed by flagellates and helminths. Concerning pathogenic species, Entamoeba histolytica, in the amoebic group, was the most commonly found. All the positive cases were treated by specific medication.
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