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Results for “PERICARDITIS, CONSTRICTIVE”

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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Differentiation of constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy by Doppler echocardiography.

Doppler ultrasound recordings of mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary flow velocities, and their variation with respiration, were recorded in 12 patients with a restrictive cardiomyopathy and seven patients with constrictive pericarditis. Twenty healthy adults served as controls. The patients with constrictive pericarditis showed marked changes in left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time and in early mitral and tricuspid flow velocities at the onset of inspiration and expiration. These changes disappeared after pericardiectomy and were not seen in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy or in normal subjects. The deceleration time of early mitral and tricuspid flow velocity was shorter than normal in both groups, indicating an early cessation of ventricular filling, but only patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy showed a further shortening of the tricuspid deceleration time with inspiration. Diastolic mitral and tricuspid regurgitation was also more common in the patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy. These results suggest that patients with constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy can be differentiated by comparing respiratory changes in transvalvular flow velocities. In addition, although baseline hemodynamics in the two groups were similar, characteristic changes were seen with respiration that suggest differentiation of these disease states may also be possible from hemodynamic data.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pulmonary circulation in constrictive pericarditis].

Certain indices of pulmonary haemodynamics were determined at rest in 39 patients with constrictive pericarditis. The most frequent anomaly was raised value of total pulmonary resistance (in 82% of cases) and, in a lower percent, raised pulmonary vascular resistance. The systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery was raised in 30.8% of the patients, reaching values regarded as low or medium degree hypertension. In only 2 cases the systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery was 100 mm Hg or more. The systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery showed a slight positive correlation with the end-diastolic pressure in the left ventricle, and the subgroup with pulmonary hypertension had higher average values of the end-diastolic pressure in the left ventricle than patients with normal pressure in the pulmonary circulation (means = 21.0 +/- 5.7 vs 15.2 +/- 6.5 mm Hg). These results show a significant role of increased filling pressure of the left ventricle in the mechanism of pulmonary hypertension in patients with constrictive pericarditis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A case of constrictive pericarditis due to traumatic pericardial hematoma].

Although the cause varies widely, we recently experienced a case of constrictive pericarditis of which cause seemed to be traumatic as described below. The patient was a 62-year-old man having a history of epigastric trauma about 20 years ago. Since then, palpitation appeared and he was recently hospitalized in our department for the purpose of receiving an operation under the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. At operation, a hematoma was found in the pericardial region, which was considered to have been caused by trauma in the past. Less reports have so far been available concerning trauma-induced constrictive pericarditis and this case thus seemed to be of rarity as well.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1993

Atrio-ventricular regurgitations in constrictive pericarditis: incidence and post-operative outcome.

We studied 33 surgically proven cases of constrictive pericarditis during the period 1989-1991 by color Doppler echocardiography and angiography to look for incidence and postoperative outcome of atrioventricular regurgitation. The mean age was 27.2 + 16.5 years (21 males, 12 females). There was a very high incidence of mitral (79%, trivial in 13, mild in 11 and moderate in 2) and tricuspid (73%, trivial in 7, mild and moderate in 6 each and severe in 5) regurgitation. There was good correlation between 'color Doppler' and angiography for detection and quantification of these regurgitations (r = 0.89 for mitral and 0.76 for tricuspid regurgitation, respectively). There were no preoperative clinical or hemodynamic predictors for the incidence or severity of these regurgitations. Immediate postoperative (7-10 days) evaluation by color Doppler did not show any change in these regurgitations. A follow-up study (by color Doppler and angiography) in 18 patients at a mean period of 229 + 105 days revealed regression of these regurgitations by at least 1 grade in 50% of patients. Patients with persisting regurgitations had persisting hemodynamic abnormality and relatively longer duration of symptoms. The presence of atrio-ventricular regurgitations should not be taken as evidence favoring diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy and against that of constrictive pericarditis. The mechanism of these regurgitations is not clear to us.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Constrictive pericarditis following coronary-artery bypass grafting in a patient with chronic asymptomatic pericardial disease.

Constrictive pericarditis is a rare complication of open-heart surgery. We describe a patient who was found at the time of coronary artery bypass surgery to have asymptomatic pericardial thickening and subsequently developed rapidly progressive constrictive pericarditis. At operation for pericardiectomy, the bypass graft to the posterior descending coronary artery was found to be strangled by fibrous tissue while the remaining two bypass grafts were patent. Following pericardiectomy, the patient made a good recovery.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2003

Idiopathic calcific constrictive pericarditis causing pulmonary stenosis associated with a ventricular septal defect mimicking tetralogy of Fallot.

We describe an unusual case of pulmonary stenosis caused by calcific constrictive pericarditis associated with a congenital ventricular septal defect in a 16-year-old boy who had a 2-week history of progressive dyspnea, cyanosis, fatigue, and bilateral leg edema. Echocardiographic findings led to an initial diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot; however, findings on chest radiography and CT were suggestive of calcific constrictive pericarditis with pulmonary stenosis, which was then confirmed on cardiac catheterization. Total pericardiectomy and repair of the ventricular septal defect resulted in a satisfactory outcome. Follow-up examinations at 6 and 20 months showed that the patient was asymptomatic and considered to have class I New York Heart Association functional status. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of calcific constrictive pericarditis with pulmonary stenosis associated with a ventricular septal defect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Constrictive pericarditis, intestinal lymphangiectasia, and reversible immunologic deficiency.

A patient with constrictive pericarditis, secondary intestinal lymphangiectasia, and protein-losing enteropathy was demonstrated to have the characteristic immunologic deficiency associated with intestinal lymphangiectasia: hypogammaglobulinemia, lymphocytopenia, cutaneous anergy, impaired allograft rejection. and diminished in vitro lymphocyte proliferative responses. Following surgical correction of the cardiac abnormality, the intestinal lymphangiectasia and protein-losing gastroenteropathy resolved and was accompanied by a slow but progressive return of normal immune function. This documented reversal of the immunologic deficiency in intestinal lymphangiectasia supports the concept that the immune defect in this syndrome is due to the excessive loss of lymphocytes and immunoglobulins into the gastrointestinal tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The differentiation between restrictive cardiomyopathy and constrictive pericarditis: the impact of the imaging techniques.

The differentiation between constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy remains a difficult problem for clinical cardiologists. Recent advances in imaging techniques and the understanding of diastolic function have created a new diagnostic approach to this problem. In this article we will summarize the recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of both disorders and how this is reflected mainly in the use of flow imaging techniques, such as Doppler echocardiography and radionuclide angiography. Combined with the advances in the radiological imaging of the pericardium by means of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, an integrated approach to the differential diagnostic problem is proposed and an algorithm for clinical use has been designed.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1996

Value of dynamic respiratory changes in left and right ventricular pressures for the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis.

BACKGROUND: Conventional cardiac catheterization criteria for the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis (CP) rely on equalization of intracardiac pressures and have many recognized limitations. Recently, Doppler echocardiographic methods have been used to examine dynamic respiratory changes of increased ventricular interdependence and dissociation of intrathoracic and intracardiac pressures for the diagnosis of CP. These pathophysiological features may be best delineated by cardiac catheterization. Therefore, we studied the accuracy of these dynamic respiratory changes in left ventricular and right ventricular pressure for the diagnosis of CP at cardiac catheterization. METHODS AND RESULTS: High-fidelity manometric catheters and respirometry were used to study 36 patients: 15 patients with surgically proven CP (group 1) and 21 patients with other causes of heart failure (group 2). Conventional cardiac catheterization variables used to establish the diagnosis of CP lacked sensitivity and specificity and failed to distinguish between these groups. However, the finding of discordance between right ventricular and left ventricular pressures during inspiration, a sign of increased ventricular interdependence, accurately distinguished patients in group 1 from those in group 2 (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Examination of dynamic respiratory changes indicating increased ventricular interdependence may be helpful in the diagnosis of CP in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.

Adult↗